Chapters 13 and 16
... Condensation reaction, Add the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate to form a 6C molecule (this step commits the acetyl group to the TCA cycle), ΔG=-31.4 kJ/mole (highly regulated enzyme), oxaloacetate must bind first, then acetyl-CoA can bind to the enzyme (sequential type mechanism), oxaloac ...
... Condensation reaction, Add the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA to oxaloacetate to form a 6C molecule (this step commits the acetyl group to the TCA cycle), ΔG=-31.4 kJ/mole (highly regulated enzyme), oxaloacetate must bind first, then acetyl-CoA can bind to the enzyme (sequential type mechanism), oxaloac ...
Metabolism - UPM EduTrain Interactive Learning
... molecules because each contains a pair of electrons having a high transfer potential = electron motive force 2. The flow of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 through protein complexes located in the mitochondrial inner membrane leads to the pumping of protons out of the mitochondrial oxidoreductase ...
... molecules because each contains a pair of electrons having a high transfer potential = electron motive force 2. The flow of electrons from NADH or FADH2 to O2 through protein complexes located in the mitochondrial inner membrane leads to the pumping of protons out of the mitochondrial oxidoreductase ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Fermentation and Quiz Ppt
... presence of O2 Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration In a facultative anaerobe, pyruvate is a fork in the ...
... presence of O2 Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration In a facultative anaerobe, pyruvate is a fork in the ...
Chapter 3
... Chemiosmosis: The Energy-Coupling Mechanism • Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space • H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through channels in ATP synthase • ATP synthase uses the exergonic flo ...
... Chemiosmosis: The Energy-Coupling Mechanism • Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space • H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through channels in ATP synthase • ATP synthase uses the exergonic flo ...
Week 03 Lecture notes
... the ETS is comprised of proteins that are embedded in the thylakoid membrane one of these proteins acts as a proton pump to move a proton from the stroma into the thylakoid space at the end of the ETS, the electron is used to ...
... the ETS is comprised of proteins that are embedded in the thylakoid membrane one of these proteins acts as a proton pump to move a proton from the stroma into the thylakoid space at the end of the ETS, the electron is used to ...
Cellular Respiration (Making ATP from food)
... pyruvate which go from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Together two pyruvate molecules produce: 2 ATP, 2 CO2 and then two types of electron carriers: NADH and FADH2 ...
... pyruvate which go from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix. Together two pyruvate molecules produce: 2 ATP, 2 CO2 and then two types of electron carriers: NADH and FADH2 ...
chapter-6-rev - HCC Learning Web
... You are playing a long tennis match and your muscles begin to switch to anaerobic respiration. Which of the following is NOT a bad consequence? a. Your cells convert NADH to NAD+. b. Lactic acid is produced. c. ATP production declines. d. Oxygen debt increases. e. All of these ARE problems. After fe ...
... You are playing a long tennis match and your muscles begin to switch to anaerobic respiration. Which of the following is NOT a bad consequence? a. Your cells convert NADH to NAD+. b. Lactic acid is produced. c. ATP production declines. d. Oxygen debt increases. e. All of these ARE problems. After fe ...
Slide 1
... To used the energy banked in NADH and FADH2 The cell must shuttle their electrons to the Electron Transport Chain Where energy from the oxidation of organic fuel will power the oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP ...
... To used the energy banked in NADH and FADH2 The cell must shuttle their electrons to the Electron Transport Chain Where energy from the oxidation of organic fuel will power the oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP ...
Cellular Respiration Jigsaw Activity Hand each student a standard
... 2) In the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs, in which more ATP is produced. ...
... 2) In the absence of oxygen, fermentation occurs, in which more ATP is produced. ...
Chapter 9 - Slothnet
... – Glycolysis (breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate) – The citric acid cycle (completes the breakdown of glucose) – Oxidative phosphorylation (accounts for most of the ATP synthesis) ...
... – Glycolysis (breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate) – The citric acid cycle (completes the breakdown of glucose) – Oxidative phosphorylation (accounts for most of the ATP synthesis) ...
Reading GuideChapter6_Tues
... the same site as the substrate. If the active site is occupied, then the substrate can not be turned into product….and enzyme activity is decreased. A good example of a competitive inhibitor is the drug sulfanilamide. This drug is chemically similar enough to the compound PABA. PABA is a precursor u ...
... the same site as the substrate. If the active site is occupied, then the substrate can not be turned into product….and enzyme activity is decreased. A good example of a competitive inhibitor is the drug sulfanilamide. This drug is chemically similar enough to the compound PABA. PABA is a precursor u ...
THE CELLULAR RESPIRATION SAGA II: THE CITRIC ACID CYCLE
... Operation: “Capture Electrons” • Step 3: Make an ATP by substrate‐level phosphorylation • CO2 is released • More NADH is made • Left with 4 C molecule ...
... Operation: “Capture Electrons” • Step 3: Make an ATP by substrate‐level phosphorylation • CO2 is released • More NADH is made • Left with 4 C molecule ...
Cellular Respiration Food to Energy Food to Energy Calorie Questions
... Food calories are kcal; they measure the heat energy in food. ...
... Food calories are kcal; they measure the heat energy in food. ...
Document
... membrane, using integral membrane proteins. These proteins form four huge trans-membrane complexes called complexes I, II, III and IV. The complexes each contain up to 40 individual polypeptide chains, which perform many different functions including enzymes and trans-membrane pumps. In the respirat ...
... membrane, using integral membrane proteins. These proteins form four huge trans-membrane complexes called complexes I, II, III and IV. The complexes each contain up to 40 individual polypeptide chains, which perform many different functions including enzymes and trans-membrane pumps. In the respirat ...
Use of Reduced Carbon Compounds
... --- variation of gylcolysis produces only 1 net ATP but also 1 NADPH ...
... --- variation of gylcolysis produces only 1 net ATP but also 1 NADPH ...
The Fate of Glucose
... oxygen is not required electron acceptor is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD --> NADH ...
... oxygen is not required electron acceptor is nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD --> NADH ...
oxidation
... 6. Explain how redox reactions are used in cellular respiration. 7. Describe the general roles of dehydrogenase, NADH, and the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. 8. Compare the reactants, products, and energy yield of the three stages of cellular respiration. © 2012 Pearson Education, ...
... 6. Explain how redox reactions are used in cellular respiration. 7. Describe the general roles of dehydrogenase, NADH, and the electron transport chain in cellular respiration. 8. Compare the reactants, products, and energy yield of the three stages of cellular respiration. © 2012 Pearson Education, ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Describe an electron transport chain. Describe the cytochromes and their functions. Discuss oxidative phosphorylation. Name the final electron acceptor at the end of the oxidative transport chain. Give the numbers of ATP produced by NADH and FADH, as they go through the electron transport chain. Exp ...
... Describe an electron transport chain. Describe the cytochromes and their functions. Discuss oxidative phosphorylation. Name the final electron acceptor at the end of the oxidative transport chain. Give the numbers of ATP produced by NADH and FADH, as they go through the electron transport chain. Exp ...
Energy Systems
... Glycolysis - The first stage is known as glycolysis, which produces 2 ATP molecules, 2 reduced molecules of NAD (NADH), and 2 pyruvate molecules which move on to the next stage - the Krebs cycle. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of normal body cells, or the sarcoplasm of muscle cells. The Kre ...
... Glycolysis - The first stage is known as glycolysis, which produces 2 ATP molecules, 2 reduced molecules of NAD (NADH), and 2 pyruvate molecules which move on to the next stage - the Krebs cycle. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of normal body cells, or the sarcoplasm of muscle cells. The Kre ...
AP Bio - Semester 1 Review
... Water in stroma hit by sun (breaks into H+[+ because give off electrons] and O2[waste product] 2 electrons are given to Mg of Chlorophyll A in photosystem 2 (all other pigments in the photosystem bounce light to chlorophyll A) electrons of chlorophyll A now become excited, escape, and mow down the E ...
... Water in stroma hit by sun (breaks into H+[+ because give off electrons] and O2[waste product] 2 electrons are given to Mg of Chlorophyll A in photosystem 2 (all other pigments in the photosystem bounce light to chlorophyll A) electrons of chlorophyll A now become excited, escape, and mow down the E ...
Cellular Respiration - Esperanza High School
... • The H+ then move via diffusion (Proton Motive Force) through ATP Synthase to make ATP. • All NADH and FADH2 converted to ATP during this stage of cellular respiration. • Each NADH converts to 3 ATP. • Each FADH2 converts to 2 ATP (enters the ETC at a lower level than NADH). ...
... • The H+ then move via diffusion (Proton Motive Force) through ATP Synthase to make ATP. • All NADH and FADH2 converted to ATP during this stage of cellular respiration. • Each NADH converts to 3 ATP. • Each FADH2 converts to 2 ATP (enters the ETC at a lower level than NADH). ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.