RESPIRATION Production of ATP and CO2 by O2 and organic
... Direct formation of ATP by transfer of P group from intermediate substrat ...
... Direct formation of ATP by transfer of P group from intermediate substrat ...
Microbial Metabolism
... Carbon Fixation - recycling of carbon in the environment (Life as we known is dependant on this) ...
... Carbon Fixation - recycling of carbon in the environment (Life as we known is dependant on this) ...
A1989T761300002
... and caproate. It had been proposed that this fermentation is coupled with adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis by electron transport phosphorylation, a mechanism that at the time was thought to be restricted to aerobes and phototrophs. We found that the proposal was based on in- ...
... and caproate. It had been proposed that this fermentation is coupled with adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis by electron transport phosphorylation, a mechanism that at the time was thought to be restricted to aerobes and phototrophs. We found that the proposal was based on in- ...
SR 50(4) 42-43 (Test Your Knowledge)
... 2. An object measures 0.5 mm in length. How many micrometers long is it? a) 500 micrometers b) 50 micrometers c) 5000 micrometers d) 0.005 micrometers ...
... 2. An object measures 0.5 mm in length. How many micrometers long is it? a) 500 micrometers b) 50 micrometers c) 5000 micrometers d) 0.005 micrometers ...
cellrespdiagrams
... and the matrix. Fig. 9.14 Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... and the matrix. Fig. 9.14 Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Microbial Metabolism Notes
... (i) O2 is considered the final electron acceptor (c) redox energy is used to pump H+ into the cell (i) creates a higher concentration in ICF (d) H+ is moved out through ATPsynthase creating ATP as it moves out (e) each NADH has enough energy to produce 3 ATP and each FADH2 can produce 2 (i) 30 ATP f ...
... (i) O2 is considered the final electron acceptor (c) redox energy is used to pump H+ into the cell (i) creates a higher concentration in ICF (d) H+ is moved out through ATPsynthase creating ATP as it moves out (e) each NADH has enough energy to produce 3 ATP and each FADH2 can produce 2 (i) 30 ATP f ...
Macronutrients
... cycle enter the ETC As the electrons move across a series of complexes in the membrane, hydrogen ions are pumped across the inner membrane (from matrix intermembrane space) At the end of the “chain” the electrons bond with hydrogen atoms & oxygen to form water ...
... cycle enter the ETC As the electrons move across a series of complexes in the membrane, hydrogen ions are pumped across the inner membrane (from matrix intermembrane space) At the end of the “chain” the electrons bond with hydrogen atoms & oxygen to form water ...
BIOCHEMISTRY Electron Transport Chain
... Complex II • Is much smaller than Complex I. • Contains only 4 subunits, including 2 FeSPs. • Processes FADH2 from the CAC • Succinate is converted to Fumarate by this complex, while reduced FADH2 is oxidized to FAD (returns back to the CAC). • CoQ is the final recipient of the efrom FADH2. ...
... Complex II • Is much smaller than Complex I. • Contains only 4 subunits, including 2 FeSPs. • Processes FADH2 from the CAC • Succinate is converted to Fumarate by this complex, while reduced FADH2 is oxidized to FAD (returns back to the CAC). • CoQ is the final recipient of the efrom FADH2. ...
Cellular Respiration
... • Occurs in the matrix of mitochondria. • Since each glucose produces 2 pyruvates after glycolysis, it takes 2 turns of the Krebs cycle to break down 1 glucose. • Each turn produces 3 CO2 which enter the lungs via diffusion. • Each turn will produce 1 ATP and 4 NADPH • In total the Krebs cycle produ ...
... • Occurs in the matrix of mitochondria. • Since each glucose produces 2 pyruvates after glycolysis, it takes 2 turns of the Krebs cycle to break down 1 glucose. • Each turn produces 3 CO2 which enter the lungs via diffusion. • Each turn will produce 1 ATP and 4 NADPH • In total the Krebs cycle produ ...
chapt07_lecture - Globe
... 7.4 Using the Electrons to Make ATP • NADH and FADH2 transfer their electrons to a series of molecules embedded in the mitochondrial membrane This series of membrane-associated molecules is called the electron transport chain many of the proteins in the electron transport chain operate as proto ...
... 7.4 Using the Electrons to Make ATP • NADH and FADH2 transfer their electrons to a series of molecules embedded in the mitochondrial membrane This series of membrane-associated molecules is called the electron transport chain many of the proteins in the electron transport chain operate as proto ...
Chapter 9: How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
... membrane 2. FADH2 is already attached to the membrane 3. Transfer electrons to NADH dehydrogenase, membrane-embedded protein a. Electrons passed on to a series of , carrier molecules b. Lose energy by driving a series of transmembrane 4. Series collectively called the a. Terminal step is cytochrome ...
... membrane 2. FADH2 is already attached to the membrane 3. Transfer electrons to NADH dehydrogenase, membrane-embedded protein a. Electrons passed on to a series of , carrier molecules b. Lose energy by driving a series of transmembrane 4. Series collectively called the a. Terminal step is cytochrome ...
The Periodic Table
... Reason: electrons added in the same principal quantum level do not completely shield the increasing nuclear charge caused by the added protons. The electrons in the same principal quantum level are generally more strongly bound when moving left to right across the periodic table (NOTE: This trend is ...
... Reason: electrons added in the same principal quantum level do not completely shield the increasing nuclear charge caused by the added protons. The electrons in the same principal quantum level are generally more strongly bound when moving left to right across the periodic table (NOTE: This trend is ...
Ch 12 Electrolysis in water - Copley
... Lewis acid-base concepts are beyond the scope of this course and the AP Exam. Rationale: The definition of Lewis acids is commonly taught in a first-year high school chemistry course and is therefore considered prior knowledge. Note: The formation of complex ions and the qualitative impact on solu ...
... Lewis acid-base concepts are beyond the scope of this course and the AP Exam. Rationale: The definition of Lewis acids is commonly taught in a first-year high school chemistry course and is therefore considered prior knowledge. Note: The formation of complex ions and the qualitative impact on solu ...
Cell Respiration notes
... dispose of 2-C that came from oxaloacetate, which are released as CO2. Substrate-level phos. of ADP occurs to form ATP. A 4-C molecule called succinate forms. – Step 4 and 5 Oxaloacetate gets regenerated from maltate, and FAD and NAD+ are reduced to FADH2 and NADH, respectively. Oxaloacetate ...
... dispose of 2-C that came from oxaloacetate, which are released as CO2. Substrate-level phos. of ADP occurs to form ATP. A 4-C molecule called succinate forms. – Step 4 and 5 Oxaloacetate gets regenerated from maltate, and FAD and NAD+ are reduced to FADH2 and NADH, respectively. Oxaloacetate ...
Respiration - csfcA2Biology
... After glycolysis…. If oxygen is available…. •What is this reaction called? •Where does it take place? •Why is it described as an oxidative decarboxylation? • Where can fatty acids enter? ...
... After glycolysis…. If oxygen is available…. •What is this reaction called? •Where does it take place? •Why is it described as an oxidative decarboxylation? • Where can fatty acids enter? ...
Ch9 Review Sheet - Canvas by Instructure
... 2. What are the waste products of cellular respiration? a. carbon dioxide and water b. ATP and ADP c. carbon dioxide and oxygen d. energy and glucose 3. What metabolic stage is part of both cellular respiration and fermentation? a. electron transport b. glycolysis c. Krebs cycle d. ATP synthase acti ...
... 2. What are the waste products of cellular respiration? a. carbon dioxide and water b. ATP and ADP c. carbon dioxide and oxygen d. energy and glucose 3. What metabolic stage is part of both cellular respiration and fermentation? a. electron transport b. glycolysis c. Krebs cycle d. ATP synthase acti ...
Exam 3
... E. NADH reduces pyruvate to acetyl CoA 7. _____ Which of the following reactions of the citric acid cycle is irreversible? A. succinate + NAD+ fumarate + NADH B. malate + NAD+ oxaloacetate + NADH C. citrate isocitrate D. -ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoA succinyl CoA + NADH + CO2 E. more than one ...
... E. NADH reduces pyruvate to acetyl CoA 7. _____ Which of the following reactions of the citric acid cycle is irreversible? A. succinate + NAD+ fumarate + NADH B. malate + NAD+ oxaloacetate + NADH C. citrate isocitrate D. -ketoglutarate + NAD+ + CoA succinyl CoA + NADH + CO2 E. more than one ...
Cellular Respiration
... - The ATP produced is actually GTP, or guanosine triphosphate, a similar, energy-rich molecule that can also be used to do work (but eh same thing) - ATP is generated through substrate-level phosphorylation with the help of kinases once again - Both NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that transp ...
... - The ATP produced is actually GTP, or guanosine triphosphate, a similar, energy-rich molecule that can also be used to do work (but eh same thing) - ATP is generated through substrate-level phosphorylation with the help of kinases once again - Both NADH and FADH2 are electron carriers that transp ...
Electron Transport System – oxidative phosphorylation
... The first two stages, glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, are the ___________ pathways that decompose glucose and other organic fuels. Glycolysis, which occurs in the ____________, begins the degradation by breaking glucose into two molecules of a compound called _____________. The Krebs cycle, which ta ...
... The first two stages, glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, are the ___________ pathways that decompose glucose and other organic fuels. Glycolysis, which occurs in the ____________, begins the degradation by breaking glucose into two molecules of a compound called _____________. The Krebs cycle, which ta ...
Glycolysis
... • NAD+ and FAD+; each can carry 2 e• oxygen; needs 2 e- to fill outer valence shell of electrons ...
... • NAD+ and FAD+; each can carry 2 e• oxygen; needs 2 e- to fill outer valence shell of electrons ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.