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1 - Rufford Small Grants
... In the Argentinean Andes, at 3,000-6,000 m elevation, San Guillermo National Park harbors virtually intact plant and vertebrate communities that are seriously altered almost everywhere else in southern South America. The 150,000-ha park, established in 1998, is the core of the San Guillermo Biospher ...
... In the Argentinean Andes, at 3,000-6,000 m elevation, San Guillermo National Park harbors virtually intact plant and vertebrate communities that are seriously altered almost everywhere else in southern South America. The 150,000-ha park, established in 1998, is the core of the San Guillermo Biospher ...
Ecosystem change and stability over multiple decades in the
... such as carbon capture and release). Although changes in Arctic ecosystems have been documented [4–11], attribution to a particular driver remains uncertain in some cases [12,13]. This is because of the multiple co-occurring drivers and also because any one driver such as climate warming can act on ...
... such as carbon capture and release). Although changes in Arctic ecosystems have been documented [4–11], attribution to a particular driver remains uncertain in some cases [12,13]. This is because of the multiple co-occurring drivers and also because any one driver such as climate warming can act on ...
PDF - Journal of Resources and Ecology
... and understand their interactions on the vegetation phenology. In northern China, temperate grassland, green-up was advanced in years with higher soil moisture (Liu et al., 2013). But in semiarid and arid grasslands, warming may enhance evapotranspiration and reduce water availability to delay grass ...
... and understand their interactions on the vegetation phenology. In northern China, temperate grassland, green-up was advanced in years with higher soil moisture (Liu et al., 2013). But in semiarid and arid grasslands, warming may enhance evapotranspiration and reduce water availability to delay grass ...
Ecological Role of Predators - National Wolfwatcher Coalition
... increase vigilance to avoid human hunting. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) select concealed resting sites when human activities, including bear hunting, increase (Ordiz et al., 2011). Bears also alter daily foraging and resting routines when bear hunting seasons start (Ordiz et al., 2012) and after encou ...
... increase vigilance to avoid human hunting. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) select concealed resting sites when human activities, including bear hunting, increase (Ordiz et al., 2011). Bears also alter daily foraging and resting routines when bear hunting seasons start (Ordiz et al., 2012) and after encou ...
Ground ice melt in the high Arctic leads to greater ecological
... Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa ...
... Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa ...
Ground ice melt in the high Arctic leads to greater ecological
... Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa ...
... Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa ...
Patterns of disturbance and recovery in littoral rock pools
... on the west coast of Italy from February 1991 to November 1993. The assemblage was a mosaic of canopyforming species interspersed amongst patches of turf-forming and encrusting algae. T h e effects of natural disturbance were Investigated by monitoring the size distributions of patches of open space ...
... on the west coast of Italy from February 1991 to November 1993. The assemblage was a mosaic of canopyforming species interspersed amongst patches of turf-forming and encrusting algae. T h e effects of natural disturbance were Investigated by monitoring the size distributions of patches of open space ...
The role of large predators in maintaining riparian plant communities
... Yellowstone NP experiences a continental climate with winters that are characteristically cold and most annual precipitation occurs as snowfall (Table 1). Annual peak discharge of the Gallatin River normally occurs during springtime snowmelt. Because significant amounts of snow accumulate at higher e ...
... Yellowstone NP experiences a continental climate with winters that are characteristically cold and most annual precipitation occurs as snowfall (Table 1). Annual peak discharge of the Gallatin River normally occurs during springtime snowmelt. Because significant amounts of snow accumulate at higher e ...
Global change and species interactions in terrestrial ecosystems
... ‘‘It would not be surprising to see entire patterns of community organization jumbled as a result of global change’’ (Kareiva et al. 1993, p. 1). The world and its ecosystems are undergoing rapid change (MEA 2005). The ecological impacts of the main drivers of global environmental change (GEC) – inc ...
... ‘‘It would not be surprising to see entire patterns of community organization jumbled as a result of global change’’ (Kareiva et al. 1993, p. 1). The world and its ecosystems are undergoing rapid change (MEA 2005). The ecological impacts of the main drivers of global environmental change (GEC) – inc ...
Global change and species interactions in terrestrial ecosystems
... ‘‘It would not be surprising to see entire patterns of community organization jumbled as a result of global change’’ (Kareiva et al. 1993, p. 1). The world and its ecosystems are undergoing rapid change (MEA 2005). The ecological impacts of the main drivers of global environmental change (GEC) – inc ...
... ‘‘It would not be surprising to see entire patterns of community organization jumbled as a result of global change’’ (Kareiva et al. 1993, p. 1). The world and its ecosystems are undergoing rapid change (MEA 2005). The ecological impacts of the main drivers of global environmental change (GEC) – inc ...
Distinguishing between direct and indirect effects of predators in
... 2. We manipulated the presence of two predator species and two groups of their prey (primary consumers) and measured their independent and interactive effects on primary producers in a natural marine benthic system. The presence of predators and their prey was manipulated in the field for 14 months ...
... 2. We manipulated the presence of two predator species and two groups of their prey (primary consumers) and measured their independent and interactive effects on primary producers in a natural marine benthic system. The presence of predators and their prey was manipulated in the field for 14 months ...
Past and recent changes in air and permafrost temperatures in
... annual air temperatures, except for several sites where the discordance between the air and ground temperatures can be explained by the winter snow dynamics. The average trend for the entire region was 0.26 °C/10 yr for ground temperatures at 1.6 m depth and 0.29 °C/10 yr for the air temperatures. T ...
... annual air temperatures, except for several sites where the discordance between the air and ground temperatures can be explained by the winter snow dynamics. The average trend for the entire region was 0.26 °C/10 yr for ground temperatures at 1.6 m depth and 0.29 °C/10 yr for the air temperatures. T ...
Terrestrial predators and abiotic conditions affect hatching survival
... inputs due to predator and abiotic factors would have a positive effect on primary productivity (Fig. 6a). However, at these low densities, zooplankton density decreases which will have a negative effect on primary productivity. Theory predicts that our patterns could result from either population l ...
... inputs due to predator and abiotic factors would have a positive effect on primary productivity (Fig. 6a). However, at these low densities, zooplankton density decreases which will have a negative effect on primary productivity. Theory predicts that our patterns could result from either population l ...
Aurochs and Bison – natural range and habitat selection, de
... - human pressure in Southern and Western Europe was lower than in Central Europe - no explanation why bison’s range severely curtailed by humans prior to 8000 BP, but then maintained stable for the next 5000 years, although human pressure rose substantially during that time - no European bison remai ...
... - human pressure in Southern and Western Europe was lower than in Central Europe - no explanation why bison’s range severely curtailed by humans prior to 8000 BP, but then maintained stable for the next 5000 years, although human pressure rose substantially during that time - no European bison remai ...
field investigations of permafrost and climatic
... because the rainshadow caused by the coastal mountains is not reproduced (Burn, 1994). In a similar fashion, a steep summer climatic gradient in the Beaufort Sea coastal zone, due to the presence of proximal pack ice offshore (Haugen and Brown, 1980; Zhang et al., 1996a), is not apparent at the scal ...
... because the rainshadow caused by the coastal mountains is not reproduced (Burn, 1994). In a similar fashion, a steep summer climatic gradient in the Beaufort Sea coastal zone, due to the presence of proximal pack ice offshore (Haugen and Brown, 1980; Zhang et al., 1996a), is not apparent at the scal ...
4-2 What Shapes an Ecosystem?
... a. The niche does not include the place where the organism lives. b. the niche includes all the conditions under which the organism lives. c. the niche includes only abiotic factors. d. the niche includes only biotic factors. Slide 36 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
... a. The niche does not include the place where the organism lives. b. the niche includes all the conditions under which the organism lives. c. the niche includes only abiotic factors. d. the niche includes only biotic factors. Slide 36 of 39 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall ...
Illegal Hunting of Prey Species in the Northern Section of Bardia
... were available to support livelihoods, which were resourced via subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry. Often, people migrate to lower, more fertile land after they have earned some money to purchase land in more productive locations. Therefore, the study area is somewhat of a transit settleme ...
... were available to support livelihoods, which were resourced via subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry. Often, people migrate to lower, more fertile land after they have earned some money to purchase land in more productive locations. Therefore, the study area is somewhat of a transit settleme ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – invasive animals
... of species either have limited impacts or, if impacts are high, occur within a small part of the Rangelands Cluster region. Among this group is the European honeybee (Apis mellifera), which has been present in Australia for about 190 years. The species is used for honey production and is of major ec ...
... of species either have limited impacts or, if impacts are high, occur within a small part of the Rangelands Cluster region. Among this group is the European honeybee (Apis mellifera), which has been present in Australia for about 190 years. The species is used for honey production and is of major ec ...
Link to Publication
... We fell into this predicament because we designed agricultural and economic systems that failed to account for ecosystem services, and the path forward requires redesigning both systems. Agroecology—which applies ecological principles to design sustainable farming methods that can increase food prod ...
... We fell into this predicament because we designed agricultural and economic systems that failed to account for ecosystem services, and the path forward requires redesigning both systems. Agroecology—which applies ecological principles to design sustainable farming methods that can increase food prod ...
Australian rangelands and climate change – invasive
... of species either have limited impacts or, if impacts are high, occur within a small part of the Rangelands Cluster region. Among this group is the European honeybee (Apis mellifera), which has been present in Australia for about 190 years. The species is used for honey production and is of major ec ...
... of species either have limited impacts or, if impacts are high, occur within a small part of the Rangelands Cluster region. Among this group is the European honeybee (Apis mellifera), which has been present in Australia for about 190 years. The species is used for honey production and is of major ec ...
Tipping Points, Thresholds and the Keystone Role of Physiology in
... in species range boundaries, but at least in some cases may be localized extinctions even well within range boundaries. Moreover, recent studies have documented geographic variability in physiological tolerance (Pearson et al., 2009) and have experimentally shown evidence of local adaptation (Kuo an ...
... in species range boundaries, but at least in some cases may be localized extinctions even well within range boundaries. Moreover, recent studies have documented geographic variability in physiological tolerance (Pearson et al., 2009) and have experimentally shown evidence of local adaptation (Kuo an ...
The Tundra Biome Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes
... drop to as low as -70 degrees Fahrenheit. There are powerful winds that can blow up to 100 miles an hour. As a result of the cold, the water in the ground freezes: the ground can be frozen to a depth of 2000 feet or more. In some places only a few inches of the top part of the ground thaw out in the ...
... drop to as low as -70 degrees Fahrenheit. There are powerful winds that can blow up to 100 miles an hour. As a result of the cold, the water in the ground freezes: the ground can be frozen to a depth of 2000 feet or more. In some places only a few inches of the top part of the ground thaw out in the ...
Working Paper 219 - Kessler (opens in new window)
... scenarios defined by the IPCC (2013). Several estimates of the impacts of the PCF on the global climate have been published. Schaefer et al. (2014) published a meta-analysis in 2014, and there have been a few more studies published since (Schneider von Deimling et al., 2014; Schuur et al., 2015). It ...
... scenarios defined by the IPCC (2013). Several estimates of the impacts of the PCF on the global climate have been published. Schaefer et al. (2014) published a meta-analysis in 2014, and there have been a few more studies published since (Schneider von Deimling et al., 2014; Schuur et al., 2015). It ...
Pleistocene Park
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ice_age_fauna_of_northern_Spain_-_Mauricio_Antón.jpg?width=300)
Pleistocene Park (Russian: Плейстоценовый парк) is a nature reserve on the Kolyma River south of Chersky in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in northeastern Siberia, where an attempt is being made to recreate the northern subarctic steppe grassland ecosystem that flourished in the area during the last glacial period.The project is being led by Russian researcher Sergey Zimov, with hopes to back the hypothesis that overhunting, and not climate change, was primarily responsible for the extinction of wildlife and the disappearance of the grasslands at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.A further aim is to research the climatic effects of the expected changes in the ecosystem. Here the hypothesis is that the change from tundra to grassland will result in a raised ratio of energy emission to energy absorption of the area, leading to less thawing of permafrost and thereby less emission of greenhouse gases.To study this, large herbivores have been released, and their effect on the local fauna is being monitored. Preliminary results point at the ecologically low-grade tundra biome being converted into a productive grassland biome, and at the energy emission of the area being raised.A documentary is being produced about the park by an American journalist and filmmaker.