Phase 1 Framework Glossary 0103121
... CORE definition: “a functional unit consisting of all the living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a given area, and all the non-living physical and chemical factors of their environment, linked together through nutrient cycling and energy flow. An ecosystem can be of any size - a log, pon ...
... CORE definition: “a functional unit consisting of all the living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in a given area, and all the non-living physical and chemical factors of their environment, linked together through nutrient cycling and energy flow. An ecosystem can be of any size - a log, pon ...
reviews - Gary Bucciarelli
... history with nonpredatory fishes, they show virtually no response to cues from introduced Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu). In the few examples where amphibians have survived the introduction of a nonnative species, it appears that those species benefitted due to a genetic propensity for induc ...
... history with nonpredatory fishes, they show virtually no response to cues from introduced Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu). In the few examples where amphibians have survived the introduction of a nonnative species, it appears that those species benefitted due to a genetic propensity for induc ...
Role of Biotic Interactions in a Small Mammal Assemblage in
... Giller and Gee 1987, O'Neill 1988, Powell 1989, Steele 1989, Levin 1992). The majority of ecological studies occur on a short temporal scale; Tilman (1989) found that 86% of 180 manipulative field experiments published in Ecology in 1977-1987 lasted 3 yrlfield seasons or less; only 7% had a duration ...
... Giller and Gee 1987, O'Neill 1988, Powell 1989, Steele 1989, Levin 1992). The majority of ecological studies occur on a short temporal scale; Tilman (1989) found that 86% of 180 manipulative field experiments published in Ecology in 1977-1987 lasted 3 yrlfield seasons or less; only 7% had a duration ...
Part 3 Designing and Implementing Ecosystem Connectivity in the
... bees. Unfortunately both species are declining. Scientists believe that habitat loss and alteration must be addressed to reverse these declines. Maintaining ecosystem connections helps ensure that pollination and other ecosystem services will continue to occur by supporting bee movement between patc ...
... bees. Unfortunately both species are declining. Scientists believe that habitat loss and alteration must be addressed to reverse these declines. Maintaining ecosystem connections helps ensure that pollination and other ecosystem services will continue to occur by supporting bee movement between patc ...
Habitat selection by feral cats and dingoes in a
... differences between habitats may include differences in structure or in the kinds of resources or kinds of interacting species that they contain (Morris 1988). Quantitative differences are differences in the availability or richness of resources such as food and shelter (Morris 1988). It is intuitiv ...
... differences between habitats may include differences in structure or in the kinds of resources or kinds of interacting species that they contain (Morris 1988). Quantitative differences are differences in the availability or richness of resources such as food and shelter (Morris 1988). It is intuitiv ...
The roles of productivity and ecosystem size in determining food
... FCL (Post et al. 2007). Given these multiple, systematic differences between the aquatic systems from which so many of our conclusions about FCL have been derived, and other ecological contexts, there is a strong need for additional examination of the drivers of FCL, and the mechanisms by which thes ...
... FCL (Post et al. 2007). Given these multiple, systematic differences between the aquatic systems from which so many of our conclusions about FCL have been derived, and other ecological contexts, there is a strong need for additional examination of the drivers of FCL, and the mechanisms by which thes ...
Adaptive Radiation, Ecological Opportunity, and
... species that prey on other members of the clade. The implications of this finding are twofold: first, the more a clade radiates, the more it may provide resources leading to additional divergence; and second, predatory interactions, as well as competitive ones, may occur among species within an adap ...
... species that prey on other members of the clade. The implications of this finding are twofold: first, the more a clade radiates, the more it may provide resources leading to additional divergence; and second, predatory interactions, as well as competitive ones, may occur among species within an adap ...
Adaptive Radiation, Ecological Opportunity, and Evolutionary
... species that prey on other members of the clade. The implications of this finding are twofold: first, the more a clade radiates, the more it may provide resources leading to additional divergence; and second, predatory interactions, as well as competitive ones, may occur among species within an adap ...
... species that prey on other members of the clade. The implications of this finding are twofold: first, the more a clade radiates, the more it may provide resources leading to additional divergence; and second, predatory interactions, as well as competitive ones, may occur among species within an adap ...
The Evolutionary Ecology of Carnivorous Plants
... evolutionary ecology of carnivorous plants. These diverse taxa occur in many angiosperm clades, but are united by a common ecological "niche" botanical carnivory. Aspects of their life-history, including developmental preformation and rapid responses to nutrient additions, make some carnivorous plan ...
... evolutionary ecology of carnivorous plants. These diverse taxa occur in many angiosperm clades, but are united by a common ecological "niche" botanical carnivory. Aspects of their life-history, including developmental preformation and rapid responses to nutrient additions, make some carnivorous plan ...
Comparing aquatic and terrestrial grazing ecosystems: is the grass
... Pace et al. 1999), and recent syntheses have identified broad patterns in plant–herbivore interactions across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial systems (Cebrian and Lartigue 2004, Hillebrand et al. 2007, Gruner et al. 2008). While these syntheses are important for understanding common patterns in ...
... Pace et al. 1999), and recent syntheses have identified broad patterns in plant–herbivore interactions across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial systems (Cebrian and Lartigue 2004, Hillebrand et al. 2007, Gruner et al. 2008). While these syntheses are important for understanding common patterns in ...
Full Text - Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve
... experiments that measured fewer functions (Supplementary Fig. 1). For instance, the most diverse assemblages in experiments that measured only two functions (N ¼ 41) were predicted to sustain both functions at 79% of their maximum (Supplementary Fig. 1a), very similar to the 81% threshold identified ...
... experiments that measured fewer functions (Supplementary Fig. 1). For instance, the most diverse assemblages in experiments that measured only two functions (N ¼ 41) were predicted to sustain both functions at 79% of their maximum (Supplementary Fig. 1a), very similar to the 81% threshold identified ...
Extinction thresholds: insights from simple models
... Extinction has played a major role in the organization of life on Earth. Almost all species which have existed at some point have already gone extinct. This unavoidable outcome, however, has been aggravated in the last few centuries due to human activity. Since 1600, the extinction of more than 485 ...
... Extinction has played a major role in the organization of life on Earth. Almost all species which have existed at some point have already gone extinct. This unavoidable outcome, however, has been aggravated in the last few centuries due to human activity. Since 1600, the extinction of more than 485 ...
A hierarchical view of habitat and its relationship to species
... of the patterns described in the introduction. The assumptions are (1) that species differ in their ecological requirements and, thus, there will be some species with narrow and others with broad requirements (specialists and generalists, respectively) and (2) that any habitat may host a set of spec ...
... of the patterns described in the introduction. The assumptions are (1) that species differ in their ecological requirements and, thus, there will be some species with narrow and others with broad requirements (specialists and generalists, respectively) and (2) that any habitat may host a set of spec ...
Integrating Biosystematic Data into Conservation Planning
... of processes that cause contemporary divergence between populations should also be emphasized, not just the product of this process (i.e., the ESU) (Erwin, 1991; Moritz, 1998; Crandall et al., 2000). In particular, genetic variation, which is expressed phenotypically and thus has potential adaptive ...
... of processes that cause contemporary divergence between populations should also be emphasized, not just the product of this process (i.e., the ESU) (Erwin, 1991; Moritz, 1998; Crandall et al., 2000). In particular, genetic variation, which is expressed phenotypically and thus has potential adaptive ...
A Case Study in Concept Determination: Ecological Diversity.
... diversity, such as Shannon’s and Simpson’s, that make no assumption about the underlying distribution of individual organisms among species in a community. For this reason, these indices are sometimes called nonparametric (e.g. [Lande, 1996]) to distinguish them from indices derived from parameters ...
... diversity, such as Shannon’s and Simpson’s, that make no assumption about the underlying distribution of individual organisms among species in a community. For this reason, these indices are sometimes called nonparametric (e.g. [Lande, 1996]) to distinguish them from indices derived from parameters ...
Determining How Varying Severity of Forest Fragmentation Effect
... destruction, and fragmentation (Meffe et al. 1997). As human development exponentially increases, ecosystems are being severely altered. These altered habitats are unable to sufficiently provide crucial resources such as food, water, or protection and may lose the ability to harbor organisms. Habita ...
... destruction, and fragmentation (Meffe et al. 1997). As human development exponentially increases, ecosystems are being severely altered. These altered habitats are unable to sufficiently provide crucial resources such as food, water, or protection and may lose the ability to harbor organisms. Habita ...
Recent advances in ecological stoichiometry: insights for population
... carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen) in different ratios than provided by their resources; this mismatch may constrain the net transfer of energy and elements through trophic levels. Ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of elements in ecological processes, offers a framework for exploring ...
... carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen) in different ratios than provided by their resources; this mismatch may constrain the net transfer of energy and elements through trophic levels. Ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of elements in ecological processes, offers a framework for exploring ...
Recent advances in ecological stoichiometry: insights for population
... carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen) in different ratios than provided by their resources; this mismatch may constrain the net transfer of energy and elements through trophic levels. Ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of elements in ecological processes, offers a framework for exploring ...
... carbon, phosphorus and nitrogen) in different ratios than provided by their resources; this mismatch may constrain the net transfer of energy and elements through trophic levels. Ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of elements in ecological processes, offers a framework for exploring ...
Restoration of intertidal flats and tidal salt marshes
... brackish lagoons. As a result the basal peat layer was covered by marine sediments, before the area became totally submerged. This transgressive process continued until the mid-Holocene, after which the coastline stabilized more or less at its present position. As a result of the decline in sea-leve ...
... brackish lagoons. As a result the basal peat layer was covered by marine sediments, before the area became totally submerged. This transgressive process continued until the mid-Holocene, after which the coastline stabilized more or less at its present position. As a result of the decline in sea-leve ...
The Mechanistic Approach of `The Theory of Island Biogeography
... pays attention to differences between phenomena, since this may shed light on history. By contrast, the “machinery person” is more focused on similarities among phenomena, because these reveal regularities (MacArthur, 1972, p. 239). Since investigating “the machinery of the phenomenon” reveals what ...
... pays attention to differences between phenomena, since this may shed light on history. By contrast, the “machinery person” is more focused on similarities among phenomena, because these reveal regularities (MacArthur, 1972, p. 239). Since investigating “the machinery of the phenomenon” reveals what ...
Environmental responses, not species interactions
... whether synchrony is driven by species-specific responses to environmental conditions or interspecific competition (Hautier et al. 2014). If responses to environment are important, then environmental change could alter synchrony and stability. If competition is important, then the direct effects of ...
... whether synchrony is driven by species-specific responses to environmental conditions or interspecific competition (Hautier et al. 2014). If responses to environment are important, then environmental change could alter synchrony and stability. If competition is important, then the direct effects of ...
Brachyura (Decapoda, Crustacea) of phytobenthic
... of Sargassum populations that occupied at least 10 m of horizontal extension on the rock surface; and (2) the accessibility and the safety of the field work. The collections were conducted in the spring seasons of 1991 and 1992. Table 1 shows characteristics of the fourteen sampling sites, including ...
... of Sargassum populations that occupied at least 10 m of horizontal extension on the rock surface; and (2) the accessibility and the safety of the field work. The collections were conducted in the spring seasons of 1991 and 1992. Table 1 shows characteristics of the fourteen sampling sites, including ...
Restoration ecology
Restoration ecology emerged as a separate field in ecology in the 1980s. It is the scientific study supporting the practice of ecological restoration, which is the practice of renewing and restoring degraded, damaged, or destroyed ecosystems and habitats in the environment by active human intervention and action. The term ""restoration ecology"" is therefore commonly used for the academic study of the process, whereas the term ""ecological restoration"" is commonly used for the actual project or process by restoration practitioners.