Magnetoglobus, Magnetic Aggregates in Anaerobic Environments
... in a small region of the cell envelope exclusively along the outer surface of the aggregate. In most individuals, the cells are arranged as a helix. Magnetoglobus cells are arranged side by side forming a single layer, leaving an acellular internal compartment at the center of the sphere. The intern ...
... in a small region of the cell envelope exclusively along the outer surface of the aggregate. In most individuals, the cells are arranged as a helix. Magnetoglobus cells are arranged side by side forming a single layer, leaving an acellular internal compartment at the center of the sphere. The intern ...
A balanced pyrimidine pool is required for optimal Chk1 activation to
... Chk1 with PAR is required for its efficient retention on DNA, and, thus, for its optimal activation (Min et al., 2013). We hypothesized that the lower levels of PARP-1 activity in CDA-deficient cells might decrease the stability of Chk1 on DNA and its activation. We analyzed the relative abundance o ...
... Chk1 with PAR is required for its efficient retention on DNA, and, thus, for its optimal activation (Min et al., 2013). We hypothesized that the lower levels of PARP-1 activity in CDA-deficient cells might decrease the stability of Chk1 on DNA and its activation. We analyzed the relative abundance o ...
Ordinal Position of Neurons in Cat Striate Cortex
... (95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.52) and intercepts the OR, axis at 0.21 ms (95% confidence interval, o-0.42). The value of the slope is consistent with the ratio of the distances of the OR, and OR, electrodes from the cortex (i.e., approximately 4 mm from OR, and 14 mm for OR,). By contrast, the de ...
... (95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.52) and intercepts the OR, axis at 0.21 ms (95% confidence interval, o-0.42). The value of the slope is consistent with the ratio of the distances of the OR, and OR, electrodes from the cortex (i.e., approximately 4 mm from OR, and 14 mm for OR,). By contrast, the de ...
Cellular polarity, mitotic synchrony and axes of
... The link between this process and embryonic polarity is that furrow progression is controlled by segment polarity genes, in particular hedgehog (hh) (Ma et al., 1993). Normal furrow progression requires the induction of hh expression in posterior cells (Heberlein et al., 1993; Ma et al., 1993). The ...
... The link between this process and embryonic polarity is that furrow progression is controlled by segment polarity genes, in particular hedgehog (hh) (Ma et al., 1993). Normal furrow progression requires the induction of hh expression in posterior cells (Heberlein et al., 1993; Ma et al., 1993). The ...
Slide 26 - Sigma
... tyrosine kinase. Upon activation, the STATs dimerize and are localized to the nucleus where they activate transcription of cytokine-responsive genes. There are at least three JAK kinases and at least six STAT proteins involved in this complex signaling pathway. Cytokines that activate STAT3 include ...
... tyrosine kinase. Upon activation, the STATs dimerize and are localized to the nucleus where they activate transcription of cytokine-responsive genes. There are at least three JAK kinases and at least six STAT proteins involved in this complex signaling pathway. Cytokines that activate STAT3 include ...
Lethality of radioisotopes in early mouse embryos
... had begun. Embryos were therefore scored as abnormal if they consisted of fewer than eight cells; in most cases these abnormal embryos contained one or more degenerating blastomeres. As shown in Fig. 1, normal development is affected at about 1 /*Ci/ml [35S]methionine, and at concentrations above 7 ...
... had begun. Embryos were therefore scored as abnormal if they consisted of fewer than eight cells; in most cases these abnormal embryos contained one or more degenerating blastomeres. As shown in Fig. 1, normal development is affected at about 1 /*Ci/ml [35S]methionine, and at concentrations above 7 ...
3. Bacterial Cytology
... clumps may lead you to over-destain, causing Gram-positive cells to appear Gramnegative; and “bleeding” of excess stain from clumps can cause the opposite problem. ! The age of the culture should be taken into account, particularly for Gram-positive rods. As a culture ages, very quickly the cell wal ...
... clumps may lead you to over-destain, causing Gram-positive cells to appear Gramnegative; and “bleeding” of excess stain from clumps can cause the opposite problem. ! The age of the culture should be taken into account, particularly for Gram-positive rods. As a culture ages, very quickly the cell wal ...
Standard PDF - Wiley Online Library
... nism of regulation in which ABC-transporter-like complexes regulate the activities of specific endopeptidases (Sham et al., 2011; Yang et al., 2011). The ABC transporter corresponds to a previously described cell division factor called FtsEX. It seems that the ATPase activity of the nucleotide-bindi ...
... nism of regulation in which ABC-transporter-like complexes regulate the activities of specific endopeptidases (Sham et al., 2011; Yang et al., 2011). The ABC transporter corresponds to a previously described cell division factor called FtsEX. It seems that the ATPase activity of the nucleotide-bindi ...
A Mechanism for Asymmetric Cell Division Resulting in Proliferative
... histone marks similar to quiescent cell populations (e.g., H3K9me2low), and transcriptionally upregulate the HES1 transcription factor that may mark exit from the cell cycle into G0 (i.e., HES1high; ref. 1). As AKTlow cells do eventually divide, converting to an AKTnormal proliferative phenotype ove ...
... histone marks similar to quiescent cell populations (e.g., H3K9me2low), and transcriptionally upregulate the HES1 transcription factor that may mark exit from the cell cycle into G0 (i.e., HES1high; ref. 1). As AKTlow cells do eventually divide, converting to an AKTnormal proliferative phenotype ove ...
Asymmetric Cell Division as a Route to Reduction in Cell Length
... microtubules occurs at the point at which the flagellum emerges from the cell body (Hemphill et al. 1991). Individual microtubules within the subpellicular array are stable with little turnover and the cytoskeleton is remarkably constant throughout the cell division cycle (Sherwin and Gull 1989a, 19 ...
... microtubules occurs at the point at which the flagellum emerges from the cell body (Hemphill et al. 1991). Individual microtubules within the subpellicular array are stable with little turnover and the cytoskeleton is remarkably constant throughout the cell division cycle (Sherwin and Gull 1989a, 19 ...
Chapter 7 Cellular Structure and Function HUMAN SKIN HUMAN
... You have learned, according to the cell theory, that cells are the basic units of all living organisms. By observing your own body and the living things around you, you might infer that cells must exist in various shapes and sizes. You also might infer that cells differ based on the function they pe ...
... You have learned, according to the cell theory, that cells are the basic units of all living organisms. By observing your own body and the living things around you, you might infer that cells must exist in various shapes and sizes. You also might infer that cells differ based on the function they pe ...
SPIRAL1 Encodes a Plant-Specific Microtubule
... Highly organized interphase cortical microtubule (MT) arrays are essential for anisotropic growth of plant cells, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain the order of these arrays. The Arabidopsis thaliana spiral1 (spr1) mutant shows right-handed helical growth ...
... Highly organized interphase cortical microtubule (MT) arrays are essential for anisotropic growth of plant cells, yet little is known about the molecular mechanisms that establish and maintain the order of these arrays. The Arabidopsis thaliana spiral1 (spr1) mutant shows right-handed helical growth ...
2281-MC-025 Bax 6A7 for pdf
... Description: The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell death in many eukaryotic systems. Bax has been shown to redistribute from the cytosol to the mitochondria during apoptosis, and overexpression of Bax can accelerate cell death. Coregulation of Bax dimer formatio ...
... Description: The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell death in many eukaryotic systems. Bax has been shown to redistribute from the cytosol to the mitochondria during apoptosis, and overexpression of Bax can accelerate cell death. Coregulation of Bax dimer formatio ...
MES-1 and asymmetric embryo divisions
... disassembly of the granules. The nucleus-centrosome complex rotates and migrates to the ventral side of the P cell, and then forms the spindle. When the nuclear membrane breaks down, the associated P granules are released. Thus, in P2 and P3, rotation and migration of the nucleus-centrosome complex ...
... disassembly of the granules. The nucleus-centrosome complex rotates and migrates to the ventral side of the P cell, and then forms the spindle. When the nuclear membrane breaks down, the associated P granules are released. Thus, in P2 and P3, rotation and migration of the nucleus-centrosome complex ...
The origins of multicellular organisms
... alignment‐of‐fitness phase in which genetic similarity among cells prevents cell–cell conflict and an export‐of‐fitness phase in which cells become interdependent and collaborate in a sustained effort (reviewed by Folse and Roughgarden 2012). The first phase can be achieved by any “unicellular bottlenec ...
... alignment‐of‐fitness phase in which genetic similarity among cells prevents cell–cell conflict and an export‐of‐fitness phase in which cells become interdependent and collaborate in a sustained effort (reviewed by Folse and Roughgarden 2012). The first phase can be achieved by any “unicellular bottlenec ...
Transição Epitélio-Mesenquimal durante a gastrulação - ICB-USP
... They were the first reports to link EMT as a central event in both embryonic tissue morphogenesis and cancer, but the mechanism underlying EMT remained unclear for many years. It is now known that EMT is an orchestrated series of events involving alteration of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix ...
... They were the first reports to link EMT as a central event in both embryonic tissue morphogenesis and cancer, but the mechanism underlying EMT remained unclear for many years. It is now known that EMT is an orchestrated series of events involving alteration of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix ...
Defence signalling pathways in cereals Pietro Piffanelli
... makes it likely that these will have a similar structure to the intracellular NBS–LRR or the extracellular LRR classes. To date, only two other genes representing convergence points in race-specific resistance to pathogens have been characterised at the molecular level. Both are from the dicot Arabi ...
... makes it likely that these will have a similar structure to the intracellular NBS–LRR or the extracellular LRR classes. To date, only two other genes representing convergence points in race-specific resistance to pathogens have been characterised at the molecular level. Both are from the dicot Arabi ...
Overcoming anoikis - Journal of Cell Science
... apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 (B cell lymphoma-2) protein family [including Bad (Bcl-2-associated death promoter), Bax (Bcl2-associated X protein), Bid (Bcl-2-interacting domain) and Bim (Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death)] permeabilize the outer mitochondrial membrane. These proteins cooper ...
... apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 (B cell lymphoma-2) protein family [including Bad (Bcl-2-associated death promoter), Bax (Bcl2-associated X protein), Bid (Bcl-2-interacting domain) and Bim (Bcl-2-interacting mediator of cell death)] permeabilize the outer mitochondrial membrane. These proteins cooper ...
Q5D - ICH
... Working Cell Banks (WCBs), is generally accepted as the most practical approach to providing a supply of cell substrate for continued manufacture of the product. Manufacturers should describe their strategy for providing a continued supply of cells from their cell bank(s), including the anticipated ...
... Working Cell Banks (WCBs), is generally accepted as the most practical approach to providing a supply of cell substrate for continued manufacture of the product. Manufacturers should describe their strategy for providing a continued supply of cells from their cell bank(s), including the anticipated ...
A simple calculus for proteins and cells
... signalling pathways or regulatory networks. The second family of calculi relies on Mobile Ambient [4], following ideas proposed by Paun [5]. These calculi use actions and co-actions capabilities located on the surface of cell membranes for representing molecular transports and virus infections. The ...
... signalling pathways or regulatory networks. The second family of calculi relies on Mobile Ambient [4], following ideas proposed by Paun [5]. These calculi use actions and co-actions capabilities located on the surface of cell membranes for representing molecular transports and virus infections. The ...
ViewQC_red_cell_serology
... Using a clean pipette mix the contents of the 1 in 2 dilution several times and transfer one volume into the next tube Continue the same process for all the dilutions, using a clean pipette to mix and transfer each dilution Add 1 drop of the corresponding red cell suspension (5%) into each test tube ...
... Using a clean pipette mix the contents of the 1 in 2 dilution several times and transfer one volume into the next tube Continue the same process for all the dilutions, using a clean pipette to mix and transfer each dilution Add 1 drop of the corresponding red cell suspension (5%) into each test tube ...
FROM THE LEAVES OF PHYLLOSTACHYS BAMBUSOIDES
... data, our results suggested that PB-EtAC acts as an effective immunostimulator eliciting both Th1 and Th2 immune responses. We are reporting first time the immunostimulatory potential of P. bambusoides and it might be regarded as a biological response modifier. Keywords: Haemagglutination antibody t ...
... data, our results suggested that PB-EtAC acts as an effective immunostimulator eliciting both Th1 and Th2 immune responses. We are reporting first time the immunostimulatory potential of P. bambusoides and it might be regarded as a biological response modifier. Keywords: Haemagglutination antibody t ...
Mitochondrial involvement in tracheary element
... including cell shrinkage, cytoplasmic membrane blebbing, lobing of the nucleus, nuclear DNA fragmentation, and disassembly into apoptotic bodies.1 Participation of mitochondria in apoptosis is based on observations using a cell free system for apoptosis,2 on immunolocalization of apoptotic and anti- ...
... including cell shrinkage, cytoplasmic membrane blebbing, lobing of the nucleus, nuclear DNA fragmentation, and disassembly into apoptotic bodies.1 Participation of mitochondria in apoptosis is based on observations using a cell free system for apoptosis,2 on immunolocalization of apoptotic and anti- ...
How and why cells grow as rods Open Access Fred Chang
... A common feature of all walled cells is that the cell wall and turgor pressure give the cell its shape. The wall can be regarded as a thin shell of fibrous, viscoelastic material [1,2]. When the cell wall is removed, cells lose their shape; conversely, isolated cell walls largely retain the shape of ...
... A common feature of all walled cells is that the cell wall and turgor pressure give the cell its shape. The wall can be regarded as a thin shell of fibrous, viscoelastic material [1,2]. When the cell wall is removed, cells lose their shape; conversely, isolated cell walls largely retain the shape of ...
Mitosis
Mitosis is a part of the cell cycle in which chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus. In general, mitosis (division of the nucleus) is often followed by cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm, organelles and cell membrane into two new cells containing roughly equal shares of these cellular components. Mitosis and cytokinesis together define the mitotic (M) phase of an animal cell cycle—the division of the mother cell into two daughter cells, genetically identical to each other and to their parent cell.The process of mitosis is divided into stages corresponding to the completion of one set of activities and the start of the next. These stages are prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During mitosis, the chromosomes, which have already duplicated, condense and attach to fibers that pull one copy of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell. The result is two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The cell may then divide by cytokinesis to produce two daughter cells. Producing three or more daughter cells instead of normal two is a mitotic error called tripolar mitosis or multipolar mitosis (direct cell triplication / multiplication). Other errors during mitosis can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) or cause mutations. Certain types of cancer can arise from such mutations.Mitosis occurs only in eukaryotic cells and the process varies in different organisms. For example, animals undergo an ""open"" mitosis, where the nuclear envelope breaks down before the chromosomes separate, while fungi undergo a ""closed"" mitosis, where chromosomes divide within an intact cell nucleus. Furthermore, most animal cells undergo a shape change, known as mitotic cell rounding, to adopt a near spherical morphology at the start of mitosis. Prokaryotic cells, which lack a nucleus, divide by a different process called binary fission.