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Awakenings (1990): The epidemic of children who fell asleep
Awakenings (1990): The epidemic of children who fell asleep

... –due to chronic motor sequellae- in the form of postencephalitis Parkinson’s disease and psychiatric disturbances. Despite the temporal association of EL and the ‘flu outbreak in 1918, analysis of the brains of affected people did not show any RNA fragment that coincided with this aetiology1. Von Ec ...
Anesthesia by Dr. Carman - School of Medicine
Anesthesia by Dr. Carman - School of Medicine

... • Review the new anticoagulants and clinical indications • Discuss the pharmacology of the drugs • Review available surgical and trauma guidelines for reversing and monitoring the ...
Chapter 25: Population Genetics
Chapter 25: Population Genetics

... the survival and reproduction of individuals that are best suited to their environment. This process will lead to changes in allele frequencies from one generation to the next. This is based on the concept of Darwinian fitness, which is the relative likelihood that one genotype will contribute to th ...
prescription drug abuse - American College of Physicians
prescription drug abuse - American College of Physicians

... Multiple factors are believed to account for the rise in prescription drug abuse in the United States. Motivations to purposely abuse drugs include to become intoxicated; to counter anxiety, pain, or sleep problems; and to enhance cognition. Unintended misuse can be due to misperceptions about drug ...
Please read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).
Please read the following scenario to answer the following question(s).

... 1) Mary has the genotype ______. A) WW B) ww C) Ww D) more information is needed. 2) Janice's genotype is _______. A) Ww B) WW C) ww D) WW or Ww 3) This pedigree supports the fact that widow's peak is due to a dominant allele, because if it were due to a recessive allele and both parents show the re ...
Opioid Pharmacology: How to choose and how to use
Opioid Pharmacology: How to choose and how to use

... receive more drug than needed for pain it is a risk – i.e. post operative • Not an issue when opioids used appropriately to treat pain and dyspnea even in patients with cardiopulmonary ...
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Proton Pump Inhibitors

... In the acute setting in both adult and pediatric patients older than 11 months of age, 8 weeks of PPI therapy will treat EE and will heal most non-H. pylori duodenal and gastric ulcers. The prescribing health care provider may continue acute dosage regimens for longer than 8 weeks in patients with h ...
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

... its molecular target of action, the H1Histamine receptors • Early stages of hypersensitivity response to allergen • Initial drug trials were not held to same standard as today’s • Variety of effects due to high tissue distribution and variety of targets ...
Provisional PDF
Provisional PDF

... IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and soluble IL-2 receptor as trait markers of schizophrenia because their levels were elevated during acute exacerbations and reduced in remission. This suggests immune activation and an inflammatory syndrome in schizophrenia. Based on the evidence of the strong anti-inflammator ...
HYPNODORM ®
HYPNODORM ®

... women. If this drug is used during pregnancy or the patient becomes pregnant while taking this drug, she should be informed of the potential hazard to the fetus. Benzodiazepines are assumed to be capable of causing an increased risk of congenital abnormalities when administered to pregnant women dur ...
Antiinflammatory Drugs
Antiinflammatory Drugs

... * Aspirin is contraindicated in pregnancy and in children * Aspirin is highly protein bound and displaces methotrexate, phenytoin, probenecid and others Nonopioid analgesics Acetaminophen -- active metabolite of phenacetin; very little antiinflammatory activity; oxidation by cyp-450 pathway releases ...
April 2016 Monitoring International Trends
April 2016 Monitoring International Trends

... endpoint, designed to assess the drug's efficacy, is the time to first occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). The patients are considered high-risk, having had a heart attack during the previous week. In an investor presentation last December, the group said Aegis-1's data monito ...
Coloration in the scarlet tiger moth (Panaxia dominula) is found on a
Coloration in the scarlet tiger moth (Panaxia dominula) is found on a

... (C) The distribution of phenotypes has changed rapidly over a short time period because the population is evolving into a new species. Distractor Rationale: This answer suggests the student may understand that the population has experienced a significant change in allele frequencies, but does not un ...
Personalis®: POSTER | A Negative Result on Exome Sequencing
Personalis®: POSTER | A Negative Result on Exome Sequencing

... Many genes with clinical relevance are not well-covered by standard exome sequencing (FIGURE 1A). Exome enrichment kits do not provide coverage over all exonic content; several genes are completely absent from exome sequences, and many more genes are only partially covered. Reasons for poor coverage ...
COX 2 Inhibitors: New Non-Steroidal Anti
COX 2 Inhibitors: New Non-Steroidal Anti

... efficacy studies rather than specifically designed toxicity studies.6,13,14 Of the peerreviewed studies published to date, the rate of ulceration with celecoxib was similar to that found with placebo. It remains to be seen whether the reduction in endoscopic ulcer rate observed with celecoxib will t ...
amiodarone - DavisPlus
amiodarone - DavisPlus

... thin clothing, and sunscreens. Protective clothing and sunblock are recommended during and for 4 mo after therapy. If photosensitivity occurs, dosage reduction may be useful. Inform patients that bluish discoloration of the face, neck, and arms is a possible side effect of this drug after prolonged ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • 9 male cancer patients (mean age 56.6 years) who received two consecutive 30- minute evening massages reported significant reductions in pain (according to VAS 0–100 mm) as compared to baseline. • There was a mean reduction in pain, anxiety and enhanced feelings of relaxation. • In a case series i ...
Chapter 14—Mendel and the Gene Idea
Chapter 14—Mendel and the Gene Idea

... unrelated persons. ...
USMLE Step 1 Web Prep — Antiarrhymic Drugs 145295 >>> 0:00
USMLE Step 1 Web Prep — Antiarrhymic Drugs 145295 >>> 0:00

... Prototype Ca2+ channel blocker - cardioselective, but also blocks vascular Ca2+ channels hypotension & possible reflex tachycardia (blunted). Diltiazem is similar. Prophylaxis in reentrant nodal & atrial tachycardias – not WPW. ...
Gregor Mendel, 1822-1884
Gregor Mendel, 1822-1884

... 2. They reflect mechanisms through which specific alleles are expressed in the phenotype (i.e. this is not one allele subduing another at the DNA level) 3. They’re not related to the abundance of an allele within a population! ...
Overdose Prevention with Community Based Naloxone: An …
Overdose Prevention with Community Based Naloxone: An …

... • Prescribed opioid antagonist which rapidly reverses opioid related sedation and respiratory depression and may cause withdrawal • Overdose victims wake up minutes after administration • Displaces opioids from the receptors for 30-90 minutes • No pleasant psychoactive effects • Routinely used by EM ...
Population Genetics (Hardy
Population Genetics (Hardy

...  The Hardy-Weinberg Principle suggests reasons why a population would not evolve. 1. Large population – therefore no genetic drift.  Genetic drift: random loss of alleles by chance - Alleles frequency is more constant in large populations - drift happens in small populations and have drastic effe ...
10N Y17 M03 D29
10N Y17 M03 D29

... Time management Knowledge of three systems in the body ...
test review - Liberty Union High School District
test review - Liberty Union High School District

... Cross any two of the offspring of the above cross. i) What is the new phenotype ratio? ___________ ...
lecture 11, part 1, beyond mendel, 042809c
lecture 11, part 1, beyond mendel, 042809c

... High cholesterol, known medically as hypercholesterolemia, is the result of a recessive allele (h). Homozygous dominant individuals (HH) do not have this disorder. Heterozygous individuals (Hh)—about one in 500 people—have blood cholesterol levels about twice normal. Homozygous recessive individuals ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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