• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Derive Version
Derive Version

... 3. There are two very important concentration levels of drug that must be considered to determine an effective dosing schedule for the drug. These are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the minimum concentration level of the drug that will h ...
Lecture 5
Lecture 5

... deviation from Mendel’s second law while studying two autosomal genes in Drosophila. Morgan suggested that the genes governing both phenotypes are located on the same pair of homologous chromosomes. ...
Featured Cases: What Does CFTR Tell Us About Lung Disease?
Featured Cases: What Does CFTR Tell Us About Lung Disease?

... right away. Some patients feel better as soon as they start taking it, but for the most part, patients notice the effect of the drug over time. And at this time we have to recommend that she continue all of her other medications, her airway clearance, inhaled antibiotics, ...
Review of Equine Analgesics and Pain Management
Review of Equine Analgesics and Pain Management

... grows as the complexity of surgical treatment increases. Because equine pain management is a large topic, this review will focus on pain management during the perioperative period. The drugs and techniques used in perioperative pain management are also useful in chronic conditions. ...
Chap3_110718_textbook
Chap3_110718_textbook

... How do we decide whether a chi-square statistic is likely too large to be due to sampling effects alone? To do this, we compare the chi-square value for our experiment to a previously calculated probability distribution for all possible chi-square values. This distribution shows the probability of o ...
File - Groby Bio Page
File - Groby Bio Page

... to improve, trait(s)/named trait; to produce desirable, phenotype/genotype; to increase number of desirable alleles; to increase homozygosity; AVP; ...
Parasitic Diseases
Parasitic Diseases

... iii. These countries can’t afford the drugs Chemotherapy of Parasitic Diseases [S3] a. There was the advent of molecular biology and a growing interest in the interaction between host and parasite. i. This has led to more efficient study of the parasites ii. This has also led to the search for ideal ...
Trait
Trait

... Since an organism receives genes from both parents it is not exactly like either parent but like each parent in some ways. ...
PLEXION® Lotion - Mission Pharmacal
PLEXION® Lotion - Mission Pharmacal

... harm when administered to a pregnant woman. This product should be used by a pregnant woman only if clearly needed or when potential benefits outweigh potential hazards to the fetus. Nursing Mothers: It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in huma ...
anesthetic agents - hsvma-ravs
anesthetic agents - hsvma-ravs

...  May be less likely to cause tachycardia and cardiac arrhythmias than atropine  Can cause an initial paradoxical bradycardia and AV block when given IV. This effect is usually overcome as plasma levels become therapeutic Note:  Hypothermia results in decreased depolarization of cardiac pacemaker ...
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine
Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine

... – Severe, throbbing, usually unilateral headache (few hours to a few days in duration) • Migraine Pathophysiology: – Vasomotor mechanism -- inferred from: • increased temporal artery pulsation magnitude • pain relief (by ergotamine) occurs with decreased artery pulsations – Migraine attack associate ...
Injectable Anesthetics - Dr. Roberta Dev Anand
Injectable Anesthetics - Dr. Roberta Dev Anand

...  Passes into the brain cells more quickly=faster onset of action  High solubility results in rapid tissue redistribution  Moderate solubility results in short-acting drug  metabolized by the liver – takes longer than redistribution  Low lipid solubility results in long acting drug  excreted pr ...
Dabigatran - Cardiology Update FK UNAND
Dabigatran - Cardiology Update FK UNAND

... AF confers an increased risk of stroke, which is dependant upon the presence of various stroke risk factors  All NVAF patient with ≥ 1 risk of stroke should receive anticoagulation - ASA is not an alternative, availability of NOACs has led to revisions in treatment guidelines  The net clinical be ...
Crisis in Infectious Diseases: Time for a New Paradigm?
Crisis in Infectious Diseases: Time for a New Paradigm?

... Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus [16]) difficult to use effectively; thus, this particular drug was never widely used. The emphasis on a non-pathogen-specific antimicrobial strategy in the design, selection, and implementation of antiinfective therapy has had a significant cost. Resi ...
Document
Document

... Patient was admitted for the removal of a prosthetic graft and revision above knee stump… maintenancephase was uneventful… 250mls of 6% hydrogen peroxide was used in 50ml aliquots under pressure to cleanse the wound… the stump was lifted and the surgeon bandaged the limb. At this stage there was a s ...
Honors Biology Ch. 9 notes “Genetics” Mendel’s Laws
Honors Biology Ch. 9 notes “Genetics” Mendel’s Laws

... 9.14 Polygenic inheritance: The additive affects of two or more genes on a single phenotypic character. (This is the converse of pleiotropy, in which a single gene affects several characters.) Whenever a character shows an even gradation between extremes in the population, it is probably due to poly ...
Oral Therapies for Cancer - Oncology Nursing Society
Oral Therapies for Cancer - Oncology Nursing Society

... This table is provided for educational purposes and has been assembled using the most current  information possible. The state of the evidence on these drugs is incomplete, overlaps, and is at times,  conflicting. Because of the complexity of these medications, any one resource may not identify all  ...
Disulfiram in the treatment of alcohol dependence
Disulfiram in the treatment of alcohol dependence

... Disulfiram is licensed as an adjuvant for maintaining abstinence in those with chronic alcohol dependence. Disulfiram prevents the breakdown of alcohol by irreversibly blocking the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. Within 10 minutes of consuming alcohol patients experience an unpleasant reaction me ...
Kima Uche - Genomics Patents: Human Heritage and the Cost of Innovation
Kima Uche - Genomics Patents: Human Heritage and the Cost of Innovation

... patents of certain areas of the genome, crucial genomic regions cannot be studied or analyzed. It is disheartening that this problem arose because patentees were not required to specify and methodologically prove the nature and utility of their products. Their short but influential free reign effect ...
Inhibition by Etomidate of Steroidogenesis by Isolated Bovine
Inhibition by Etomidate of Steroidogenesis by Isolated Bovine

... terone output, although halved with etomidate [p (0.051, was still twofold greater with ACTH stimulation ( p (0.001). This latter observation, together with deoxycorticosterone data, might indicate that 116-hydroxylase activity is partially inhibited. A combination of the inhibition of cholesterol c ...
INSULIN (mixtures) - DavisPlus
INSULIN (mixtures) - DavisPlus

... Lab Test Considerations: May causepserum inorganic phosphate, magnesium, and potassium levels. Monitor blood glucose every 6 hr during therapy, more frequently in ketoacidosis and times of stress. Hemoglobin A1C may also be monitored every 3– 6 mo to determine effectiveness. Toxicity and Overdose: O ...
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Security
Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Security

... The drug package that a community pharmacist hands to a patient, or a hospital pharmacist sends to a patient’s bedside, or a physician administers in the medical office has reached the end of a complicated path. That path is called a supply or distribution chain. The upstream portion of the chain in ...
Chapter 6 Polygenic Inheritance
Chapter 6 Polygenic Inheritance

... is a double threshold, one for females and one for males, with the female threshold farther from the mean than that for the male. However, since it takes more deleterious genes to create an affected female, she has more genes to pass on to the next generation. Her male offspring are at a relative hi ...
Hydrofluoroalkane-134a Beclomethasone
Hydrofluoroalkane-134a Beclomethasone

... as hydrofluoroalkane-134a (HFA) has provided the opportunity to significantly improve the delivery of inhaled drugs to the respiratory tract.8,9 Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), an established corticosteroid for the treatment of asthma, has now been reformulated using the new HFA propellant. In c ...
PREDONEMA Enema 20 mg
PREDONEMA Enema 20 mg

... (1) Since administration of this product may cause serious adverse reactions such as induced infection, secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, peptic ulcer, diabetes mellitus, and mental disorder, attention should be paid to the following items prior to the use of this product. 1) This product shou ...
< 1 ... 599 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 ... 1254 >

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report