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Antipsychotic Use in Children and Adolescents: Minimizing Adverse Effects to Maximize Outcomes
Antipsychotic Use in Children and Adolescents: Minimizing Adverse Effects to Maximize Outcomes

... wide range of disorders and psychopathology, including psychotic, mood, and disruptive behavior disorders (1). Moreover, antipsychotics are also being used in children and adolescents to treat irritability associated with autism, tic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress dis ...
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

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Medical Marijuana in the Workplace
Medical Marijuana in the Workplace

... “In the past two decades, better designed epidemiological studies have found that cannabis users who drive while intoxicated double their risk of a car crash. …Culpability was higher in drivers with THC levels greater than 1 ng/ml (OR=2.87), and there was a dose-response relationship between blood T ...
Medication: Oral Medication Administration
Medication: Oral Medication Administration

NAME___________________________________
NAME___________________________________

... a.   The genotype is the physical appearance of a trait. b.   Alleles, genes, and loci are different names for the same thing. c.   The phenotype of a dominant allele is never seen in the F1 progeny of a monohybrid cross. d.   A testcross can be used to determine whether an individual is homozygous ...
Healthy Choices for Mind and Body `Sulfa` Drug Allergy
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... its attack. Once it has targeted a particular antigen as something it should attack, it might also attack similar, but not exactly the same, structures. That is called cross-reactive. Sulfonamides all have very ...
Molecular profiling approaches for identifying novel biomarkers
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genetic testing
genetic testing

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American Geriatrics Society Updated Beers Criteria for - Geri-EM
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prescription drugs
prescription drugs

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Genetics and Coronary Artery Disease: Present and Future
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... the last 30 years. The evolution of technology led to a burst of studies, especially during the last five years. In 1970, it was impossible to study human DNA directly, but only via major cytogenetic abnormalities visible microscopically. Nevertheless, many serological markers that were often studie ...
PCPC-US-Claims-Labeling-2015
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... • Required when they may be necessary to prevent a health hazard. • must be prominent and conspicuous, and in a bold type size of at least 1/16" with "contrasting background.” ...
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... The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of CDRH or FDA ...
Comparative pharmacology of the H antihistamines
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... rest of antihistamines undergo liver transformation to metabolites that may or may not be active, and whose concentrations in plasma depend on the activity of the P450 enzyme system. This activity in turn is genetically determined. Some individuals show high intrinsic activity of this enzyme system, ...
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF RILUZOLE LOADED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES BY EMULSIFICATION CROSSLINKING
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... majorly affects the motor neurons of the upper and lower limbs. The disease is characterized by wasting of muscle and loss of muscle. Pathology mechanisms drawn in advancement of ALS have been inter correlated to the glutamatergic neurotransmitter system, with wastage of motor neurons triggered in t ...
Quantitative Genetics: Traits controlled my many loci Quantitative
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... The average effect of an allele accounts for the difference in the effect of an allele paired with any other alleles /genes currently found within the population (e.g., accounting for the chance that it is found in a heterozygote or homozygote, in any particular genetic background). The breeding val ...
What People Need to Know about Psychiatric Drugs
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... There are several unproven theories about the cause of emotional distress and how drugs are supposed to help. Your doctor may have told you that depression is caused by a “chemical imbalance” in the brain and anti-depressants like fluoxetine [Prozac] or paroxetine [Paxil] can correct this problem. T ...
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... over-the-counter medicines Prescription and over-the-counter medicines have made a significant and positive contribution to the health and wellbeing of Australians. However, nearly all medicines have the potential to cause harm, and when they are misused or abused the consequences can be dangerous a ...
Why is marijuana illegal
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... smoking marijuana. In fact, in many situations when people are asked to describe the personality traits of a marijuana user, they will most likely portray a person of apathy or loss of effectiveness: a person with diminished capacity or willingness to carry out complex long-term plans, endure frustr ...
Pharmacy Law Review 2010
Pharmacy Law Review 2010

... If an article is alleged to be misbranded because the labeling or advertising is misleading, then in determining whether the labeling or advertising is misleading there shall be taken into account (among other things) not only representations made or suggested by statement, word, design, device, or ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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