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PDF - Molecular Vision
PDF - Molecular Vision

... Results: We found a statistically significant difference between the polymorphism RB1-GG/rs9568036 and tumor chemoresistance (p<0.05). The allelic variants RB1-AA and AG/rs9568036 were determined to be associated with tumor chemosensitivity (p<0.05). A statistically significant relation between the ...
supplementary information - Molecular Systems Biology
supplementary information - Molecular Systems Biology

... negative influence gene-set via enriched transcription factors (Table S3). Pathways involving five or greater links were discarded because they are longer than the average shortest connection between any two elements in the global network, and thus are of questionable biological relevance. Thus ever ...
Interactions with Drugs and Dietary Supplements Used
Interactions with Drugs and Dietary Supplements Used

... weight gain. Although one proposed mechanism for the reduction in plasma cyclosporine is a decrease in drug absorption, decreased levels may be due to rapid gastrointestinal transit time resulting from contraindicated high fat diets rather than a true drug-drug interaction [80]. Because orlistat is ...
Ofloxacin Otic Solution in Patients With Otitis Media
Ofloxacin Otic Solution in Patients With Otitis Media

... frequencies were calculated for comparisons. ...
Allele Frequencies: Changing
Allele Frequencies: Changing

... Founder Effect When a small group of people leave a large population and found a new population – their alleles are over represented in the new population ...
T Thalidomide
T Thalidomide

... (latex condom, diaphragm, cervical cap). It is strongly recommended that these precautionary measures begin 4 weeks before initiation of therapy, that they continue while on therapy, and continue for at least 4 weeks after therapy is discontinued. Breast-feeding while on therapy should be avoided gi ...
Document
Document

... C.Dipiroximum D. Isonitrosinum E Galanthaminum 4. A 53 year old man was admitted to a hospital in severe state with complaints of headache, vertigo, nausea. BP 220/120 mm Hg. After injection of 1ml of 2,5% benzohexonium solution the patient's state improved. Indicate the mechanism of action of this ...
- Thrombosis Ireland
- Thrombosis Ireland

... Warfarin is prescribed for people who are at increased risk of developing blood clots. Patients at risk of developing such clots include those with a mechanical heart valve, patients with an irregular heart rhythm called atrial fibrillation, and patients with certain clotting disorders. Warfarin is ...
Evolution 1/e
Evolution 1/e

... factor of 1/2N per generation, where N is population size.  When N is large 1/2N is very small so we expect heterozygosity to decline slowly. Conversely, with a small population 1/2N is large and heterozygosity will decline quickly as a result of drift. ...
Epidural and CSF pharmacokinetics of drugs
Epidural and CSF pharmacokinetics of drugs

... volume and slow clearance into plasma. The integral exposure of the spinal cord to the other opioids was relatively low, but for different reasons: alfentanil had a high clearance from spinal cord into plasma, fentanyl distributed rapidly into the epidural space, followed by sequestration in epidura ...
Chapter 02 Mendelian Genetics
Chapter 02 Mendelian Genetics

... C. There being two different alleles for a given trait D. Reproductive cells receiving one and only one copy of each gene for each characteristic when they are formed E. The fact that there are discrete "hereditary determinants or factors" (genes) that determine inherited characteristics ...
Cisplatin- Etoposide
Cisplatin- Etoposide

... ASWCS Chemotherapy Handbook Jan 2005 Update ...
Know Concentration Before Giving Acetaminophen to Infants
Know Concentration Before Giving Acetaminophen to Infants

... is urging consumers to carefully read the labels of liquid acetaminophen marketed for infants to avoid giving the wrong dose to their children. A less concentrated form of the popular medication is arriving on store shelves, and giving the wrong dose of acetaminophen can cause the medication to be i ...
Bioavailability - physicochemical and dosage form factors
Bioavailability - physicochemical and dosage form factors

... The concentration of drug in solution in the bulk of the gastrointestinal fluids will be influenced by such factors as the rate of removal of dissolved drug by absorption through the gastrointestinal- blood barrier, and by the volume of fluid available for dissolution, which will be dependent on the ...
Allele Frequencies: Changing
Allele Frequencies: Changing

Genetic architecture of intelligence from SNP - cog
Genetic architecture of intelligence from SNP - cog

... If most causal variants are rare (e.g., MAF < 0.1), then when two individuals differ at a locus we likely find AA vs Aa. Very few individuals are aa. Therefore, even if the effect of aa is not twice that of Aa (non-additivity or non-linearity), the relative size of population level non-additive effe ...
Paracetamol and Ibuprofen for Paediatric Pain and Fever
Paracetamol and Ibuprofen for Paediatric Pain and Fever

... Up to 90 mg/kg per day under medical supervision with review 10 mg/kg 3 or 4 times a day after 48 hours; single doses of 30 mg/kg for night-time dosing ...
SEGMENTAL VARIATION
SEGMENTAL VARIATION

... – PACbio can generate reads of 1000 bp or so – Nanopore sequencing said to generate reads in the 10s of thousands • Strobe sequencing with PACbio: Normally read length is limited due to inactivation of polymerase by laser. Short bursts of laser give sample sequences along a stretch of DNA in the 20 ...
Lecture 14 - Harper College
Lecture 14 - Harper College

Why haplotype analysis is not critical in genome wide association studies Derek Gordon
Why haplotype analysis is not critical in genome wide association studies Derek Gordon

... – Particular position, point, or place – Specific identifiable location on a chromosome ...
Drugs that reverse disease transcriptomic signatures are more
Drugs that reverse disease transcriptomic signatures are more

... baseline (for simplicity of explanation, we refer to these mice as ‘healthy’ despite their genetic deficiency). The untreated 16-week HFD group (henceforth designated ‘untreated HFD’ for brevity) was considered representative of an elevated risk to develop cardiovascular disease. To assess the succe ...
novel uses to study complex traits and genetic diseases
novel uses to study complex traits and genetic diseases

... effect against a background of substantial genetic and environmental variation. This has focused interest on a classical epidemiological design: the study of twins. Through their precise matching for age, the common family environment and background environmental variation, studying diseases in non- ...
GENE INTERACTIONS
GENE INTERACTIONS

... • The C and P genes independently assort, the presence of a recessive genotype at one locus (i.e., cc or pp) masks the effects of the alleles at the other locus. • There are 9 combinations of alleles in the F1 generation that feature at least 1 dominant C and 1 dominant P allele, which would yield a ...
cox-2 selective nsaids…
cox-2 selective nsaids…

... Ibuprofen and naproxen are among the most commonly used NSAIDs in the United States because of their effectiveness, adverse effect profile, cost, and over-the-counter availability There is a ceiling to the analgesic effects of NSAIDs but not to their antiinflammatory effects, although adverse effect ...
Challenge Problems 2 - AHS
Challenge Problems 2 - AHS

... Solving Linkage and Crossing-Over Problems Linked genes are found on the same chromosome, and are therefore usually inherited together. Linked genes may be separated from one another if crossing over occurs between homologous chromosomes. The closer together two genes are on a chromosome, the less f ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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