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CHAPTER 2 SENSITIVITY  METHODS  FOR  TESTING  CYTOSTATIC DRUGS
CHAPTER 2 SENSITIVITY METHODS FOR TESTING CYTOSTATIC DRUGS

... of drug sensitivity to identify the most suitable candidates for further characterisation. There are several approaches to assess the susceptibility of P. falciparum to antimalarial drugs. The most classical method is determining the therapeutic response or efficacy in vivo, which was originally def ...
Medications Used for Smoking Cessation
Medications Used for Smoking Cessation

... 6 to 12 weeks of therapy, and the inhaler should not be used for more than 12 weeks. Adverse reactions include local irritation, coughing, rhinitis, and dyspnea. Additionally, it may cause accelerated hypertension in patients with cardiovascular disease. Summary of Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug In ...
Predicting Combinations for Alleles in a Zygote Using Punnett
Predicting Combinations for Alleles in a Zygote Using Punnett

... other from the father) contains genes relating to the same functions of the body. These instructions, however, are often different. Any one of two or more genes that may occur alternatively at a given place on a chromosome is called an allele. In most of the examples we assume that there are two all ...
this publication - G
this publication - G

... 1. Introduction Current, the main disadvantages of drugs used in medicine are short period of validity, low selectivity to the affected organ and sufficiently high toxicity. By the results of numerous researches, it is shown that these disadvantages can be avoided by encapsulation of drugs in polyme ...
PERCUTANEOUS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR IMPROVING ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS: A REVIEW
PERCUTANEOUS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR IMPROVING ANTIFUNGAL THERAPY EFFECTIVENESS: A REVIEW

... This article reviewed the current knowledge on percutaneous antifungal drug delivery systems in relation to their use to treat skin infections, not only the ones related with fungi but also with Leishmania parasites that grow in skin layers. Azoles are the most commonly used antifungals in clinical ...
Efficacy and Tolerability of the New Antiepileptic Drugs II
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... • This parameter reviews the available evidence on efficacy, tolerability and safety profiles of the new AEDs in refractory epilepsy. • There is no class I evidence comparing the new AEDs to the old, or the new AEDs to each other in patients with refractory epilepsy. • Selection of the appropriate d ...
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Public Summary Document (PSD) July 2016 PBAC Meeting
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... For more detail on PBAC’s view, see section 7 “PBAC outcome” ...
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Biology 321 Spring 2013 Assignment Set #4 Problems sorted by type
Biology 321 Spring 2013 Assignment Set #4 Problems sorted by type

... organism, but, of course, was not as straightforward with humans. You are a genetics graduate student in 1910 and are anxious to determine if the two gene interpretation is correct. In order resolve this issue, you start surveying two generation pedigrees in which the blood groups of the parents and ...
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... The premise of the goal rules may be supported by other rules, so they are set as Sub-Goals The inference engine searches through the system’s rules in a recursive fashion. ...
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... is why we call them homologous pairs. ...
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Amber Initiation Guideline
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... Anticoagulation is recommended in patients with AF with a CHA2DS2-VASc ≥1 for men or ≥2 for women. Where a patient presents with a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke, in the absence of alternative causes and where paroxysmal AF cannot be ruled out, anticoagulation is considered. Warfarin has ...
Sample IQ Facilitator Case - School of Medicine
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... chance that the mother is a carrier (i.e., heterozygous), the chance that the father is a carrier (i.e., heterozygous), and the chance that the child will be affected (i.e., homozygous). As CF is recessive, the chance that a child will be affected if both parents are heterozygotes (i.e. carriers) is ...
PowerPoint - 埼玉医科大学総合医療センター 内分泌・糖尿病内科
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... The key components of lifestyle therapy include medical nutrition therapy, regular physical activity, sufficient amounts of sleep, behavioral support, and smoking cessation and avoidance of all tobacco products (see Comprehensive Type 2 Diabetes Management Algorithm—Lifestyle Therapy). In the algori ...
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PDF (Injection of synthetic cathinones)

... Synthetic cathinones first appeared on the European illicit drug market in 2005. These substances have effects similar to known stimulant drugs and are structurally related to cathinone, which is found in the Khat plant (Catha edulis). Mephedrone is the synthetic cathinone that has received particul ...
Thyroid Gland and Anesthetic Management
Thyroid Gland and Anesthetic Management

... Pregnant females should be treated with propylthiouracil (of antithyroid drugs it crosses placenta least), minimizing the risk of goiter any hypothyroidism in fetus  Serious side effects of antithyroid drugs include agranulocytosis  Intraoperative bleeding, from drug-induced thrombocytopenia or hy ...
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... Pty Ltd PM-2012-03425-1-3 8 January 2015. This Product Information was approved at the time this AusPAR was published. ...
Lesson 17: Patterns of Inheritance (3
Lesson 17: Patterns of Inheritance (3

... even though it inherits one allele of each trait. For the offspring not to have dimples, both the mother and father must pass along the allele for not having dimples. The phenotype is the physical expression of the traits. The phenotype does not necessarily reveal the combination of alleles and can ...
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND IN-VITRO DISSOLUTION BEHAVIOR OF GLICLAZIDE –SOLUPLUS SOLID DISPERSIONS
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND IN-VITRO DISSOLUTION BEHAVIOR OF GLICLAZIDE –SOLUPLUS SOLID DISPERSIONS

... reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases insulin effects by acting at receptor or post‐receptor sites. It also inhibits platelet aggregation and increases fibrinolysis. However, the drawback of this potentially useful hypoglycemic agent is that it belongs to BCS class 2 and therefore is highly ...
Genetics: A Monk a Pea and a Fly
Genetics: A Monk a Pea and a Fly

... and hairy body are produced by two recessive alleles carried on different chromosomes. The normal alleles, long wings and hairless body, are dominant. If a vestigial-winged, hairy male is crossed with a female homozygous for ...
N Gokal Counting the Costs
N Gokal Counting the Costs

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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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