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glumetza - U.S. Pharmacist
glumetza - U.S. Pharmacist

... Use of this recommended titration schedule will reduce the likelihood and/or severity of GI side effects. Converting patients to GLUMETZA from other metformin formulations given in multiple or single daily doses may be done by switching them to the same daily dose, given as one dose with the largest ...
NHS Fife Guidelines for Benzodiazepine Prescribing in Benzodiazepine Dependence
NHS Fife Guidelines for Benzodiazepine Prescribing in Benzodiazepine Dependence

... This group of patients will have increased their use of benzodiazepines to above a therapeutic dose, e.g. a dose equal to or greater than 30mg diazepam or equivalent. This dose may be entirely prescribed or their prescription topped up with illicitly obtained benzodiazepines or Z-drugs. 1. Assessmen ...
Chinese patients with sporadic Hirschsprung`s disease are
Chinese patients with sporadic Hirschsprung`s disease are

... nerve plexuses of the lower digestive tract. The Hirschsprung phenotype is variable and can be classified into two groups: SSA, or short segment aganglionosis, which includes patients with aganglionosis as far as the rectosigmoid junction; and LSA, or long segment aganglionosis, which includes patie ...
Pre-reading about Opioid Analgesia for Children
Pre-reading about Opioid Analgesia for Children

... obsolete term for opioid, because governments and media use the term loosely to refer to a variety of substances of potential abuse including opioids, cocaine and other substances Children's Pain Management Service, RCH, Melbourne ...
Evolution 1/e
Evolution 1/e

... to determine what allele and genotype frequencies we would expect to in a population if all that is happening is alleles are being randomly assigned to gametes and those gametes meet up at random. ...
Reversal Strategies for Antiplatelet Agents
Reversal Strategies for Antiplatelet Agents

... use in patients with uremia and prolonged bleeding time due to decreased expression of vWF and decreased activity of the vWF-factor VIII complex (20,21). Two advantages to DDAVP are its relatively quick onset of action (1 hour), similarity to cryoprecipitate, and lack of transfusion-related side eff ...


... 1. What ratio did Mendel discover always existed between dominant to recessive traits in the 2nd generation? 2. From his experiments, Mendel made two conclusions. How many sets of instructions for each characteristic does each parent plant donate to its offspring? How many sets of instructions does ...
IV INFUSION MINI MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS IV INFUSION
IV INFUSION MINI MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS IV INFUSION

... Since the 20 minute push and 10 minute push are both given to administer the same drug you would look at the entire time it took to administer the drug. Since administration was over 15 minutes this would be considered an infusion rather than a push regardless of technique used. If this same scenari ...
AFREZZA® | Inhaled Insulin | Fast Acting Insulin | A1C Control
AFREZZA® | Inhaled Insulin | Fast Acting Insulin | A1C Control

... AFREZZA causes a decline in lung function over time as measured by FEV1. In clinical trials excluding patients with chronic lung disease and lasting up to 2 years, AFREZZAtreated patients experienced a small [40 mL (95% CI: -80, -1)] but greater FEV1 decline than comparator-treated patients. The FEV ...
et al. Madhu E. Nicholas* , Shanker Panaganti , L. Prabakaran
et al. Madhu E. Nicholas* , Shanker Panaganti , L. Prabakaran

... molecules, where they are needed most and also minimize the potential side effects and drug instability issues associated with premature release of drug in the upper parts of the Gastrointestinal tract, namely stomach and small intestine. Colon targeted drug delivery would ensures direct treatment a ...
Opioid Addiction Treatment Pharmacotherapy
Opioid Addiction Treatment Pharmacotherapy

... resulting from an increase of α1-acid glycoprotein, on the pharmacological action of methadone have been the subject of many studies Chin B. Eap, et. al, Interindividual Variability of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Methadone – Implications for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence Clin Pharmacokinet ...
Ann.  Emerg. Safty of  phenylpropanolismine. 66  b.
Ann. Emerg. Safty of phenylpropanolismine. 66 b.

... belladonna afkaioids, Curr. Therap. Res., l& 47-53, 1968. ...
Topiramate in Migraine Prevention
Topiramate in Migraine Prevention

... continue treatment for another 6–9 months, before attempting to titrate down therapy again. From experience, half of the patients are able to terminate drug therapy after intervention for one year and half will have to continue a longer period of drug therapy. The most commonly used drugs for the pr ...
Opioid conversion ratios - Guide to Palliative Care Practice 2016 (3
Opioid conversion ratios - Guide to Palliative Care Practice 2016 (3

... plasma half-life (range 5 to 130 hours). Its high volume of distribution and protein-binding contribute to the long plasma half-life, with the risk of accumulation. As it takes 4 to 7 days to reach steady state, dose adjustments are not undertaken less than weekly. QT interval prolongation has been ...
X r Y
X r Y

... • Mendel also performed crosses between plants that differed in two traits. • One example was a cross between tall plants with green pods and short plants with yellow pods. – Tall green pod plants are homozygous dominant for both traits (TTGG). – Short yellow pod plants are homozygous recessive for ...
BuTrans 5 10 20
BuTrans 5 10 20

... Buprenorphine is a partial μ-opioid agonist. Chronic use of buprenorphine can result in the development of a limited degree of physical dependence. Withdrawal (abstinence syndrome), is generally mild, begins after two days and may last up to two weeks. Reports of physical dependence and withdrawal s ...
OSAFLEX 1178 mg powder for oral solution, sachet ENG
OSAFLEX 1178 mg powder for oral solution, sachet ENG

... symptoms (especially pain relief) may not be experienced until after several weeks of treatment and in some cases even longer. If no relief of symptoms is experienced after 2-3 months, continued treatment with glucosamine should be re-evaluated. Osaflex should be taken at meals. Additional informati ...
Prescribing Information
Prescribing Information

... Varies with individual patient. Recommended adult starting dose is 60 mg once daily. Doses should be adjusted to individual patient needs and should continue for as long as clinically indicated. Dosages up to 90 mg twice daily have been administered. Daily dose of greater than 120 mg should be admin ...
Inspire Complaint
Inspire Complaint

... U.S.C. § 1396r-8(k)(6)). A "medically accepted indication" is defined as any use which is FDAapproved or which is suppmied by one or more citations included or approved for inclusion in one of three specified dmg compendia. Generally, Part D coverage is provided by sponsors who contract with CMS to ...
the LEAD (liraglutide effect and action in diabetes)-2
the LEAD (liraglutide effect and action in diabetes)-2

... accompanied by the development of insulin resistance, both in whole-body and myocardial glucose uptake disturbances [2]. The spectrum of diabetic heart disease involves a progression from the normal heart, to subclinical left ventricular (LV) diastolic and systolic dysfunction, followed by clinicall ...
Complex Formation Chapter 33 Thorsteinn Loftsson, and Marcus E. Brewster,
Complex Formation Chapter 33 Thorsteinn Loftsson, and Marcus E. Brewster,

... or more ligands that are electron-pair donors such as a nitrogenous base (e.g., ammonia), an ion (e.g., chloride ion), or an aromatic compound (e.g., ferrocene). The number of bonds between the metal ion and the ligand or ligands is called the coordination number of the complex. Metal ions can have ...
Analysis of multiple phenotypes in genome-wide genetic mapping studies Open Access
Analysis of multiple phenotypes in genome-wide genetic mapping studies Open Access

... of variance (ANOVA) is usually performed. It tests whether the mean of a phenotype is the same in the three genotypes, AA, AB, and BB. As an alternative to ANOVA, we can perform a simple linear regression for each phenotype as a response variable and the genotypes as predictors (this analysis has 1 ...
Drug Therapy of Gout LSU Clinical Pharmacology Reginald D Sanders, MD
Drug Therapy of Gout LSU Clinical Pharmacology Reginald D Sanders, MD

... •diarrhea, nausea, abnormal liver tests •acute attacks of gout •rash ...
LIPOSOMES: VESICULAR SYSTEM AN OVERVIEW  Review Article  SHEESHPAL SHARMA, LISHU MISHRA, ISH GROVER, ANUJ GUPTA, KIRTIPAL KAUR 
LIPOSOMES: VESICULAR SYSTEM AN OVERVIEW  Review Article  SHEESHPAL SHARMA, LISHU MISHRA, ISH GROVER, ANUJ GUPTA, KIRTIPAL KAUR 

... enhanced  drug  transport  into  the  skin  is  attributed  to  the  lipid  nature of the vesicles, which serve as carriers for the drug.  ...
anoro ellipta
anoro ellipta

... increase the risk of asthma-related death. Data are not available to determine whether the rate of death in patients with COPD is increased by LABA. A 28-week, placebo-controlled, US trial comparing the safety of another LABA (salmeterol) with placebo, each added to usual asthma therapy, showed an i ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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