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Structural Variations
Structural Variations

... - Plus segmental duplications and copy number variations. ...
Lecture 24 Evolution Genotype vs. Phenotype Ontogeny Genotype
Lecture 24 Evolution Genotype vs. Phenotype Ontogeny Genotype

... • Developed by John Holland in ‘60s • Did not become popular until late ‘80s • A simplified model of genetics and evolution by natural selection • Most widely applied to optimization problems (maximize “fitness”) ...
Stages and Techniques
Stages and Techniques

... – Pt unable to sleep evening prior to appt. ...
Epistasis is not dominance.
Epistasis is not dominance.

... at the same time. In this example, the heterozygous chickens are speckled. They express both feather colors at the same time. ...
Risk List for Informed Consent
Risk List for Informed Consent

... The drugs used in this study may have side effects, some of which are listed below. Please note that these lists do not include all the side effects seen with these drugs. These lists include the more serious or common side effects with a known or possible relationship. If you have questions concern ...
Introduction to Pharmacology NAPNES Guidelines
Introduction to Pharmacology NAPNES Guidelines

... No risk to fetus in first, second or third trimesters Category B Studies have not shown fetal risk in animals, but no controlled studies in pregnant women Considered safe in all trimesters (benadryl,tylenol,PCN) Category C Animal studies have revealed adverse effects on fetus Drugs should be given o ...
Fundamentals of Paramedic Pharmacology
Fundamentals of Paramedic Pharmacology

... There are two forms of carrier-mediated transport, active transport and facilitated diffusion. The rapid transfer of drug metabolites into urine is by active transport. Entry of glucose into most cells is by facilitated diffusion but its passage across the gastrointestinal mucosa is by active transp ...
Drug İnteractions
Drug İnteractions

... the stomach, assisting in the formation of a GI bleed. Additionally, NSAIDs decrease the cohesive properties of platelets necessary in clot formation. PREVENTION: Avoid concomitant use of an NSAID with warfarin. If anti-pyretic effects are desired, then consider acetaminophen. Acetaminophen in doses ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... polymorphisms? – Human gene nomenclature & designation by mutant phenotype (e.g., the “CF gene”) Molecular genetics: what are Southern, northern and western blots? what are RFLPs, microsatellites and SNPs and how are they used? what is PCR? what are microarrays? ...
When banning guns gets tough, finding ways to ban
When banning guns gets tough, finding ways to ban

... from the police about your patients over the course of your entire medical career, and just one of those patients does something wrong, you may get sued.” Consequently, that doctor may be very reluctant to tell licensing authorities that the patient is no risk when it comes to firearm possession. On ...
Within Grey Area: Patents, Pharmaceuticals, and Genomics
Within Grey Area: Patents, Pharmaceuticals, and Genomics

... genomes, the possibilities seem to be endless. In the human genome there appear to be more than 1.4 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms and more than 60,000 of these code for genes.6 Slowly all of these areas are being tested or have been tested to see if they have a response to medications and ...
Chapter 7 - Drugs
Chapter 7 - Drugs

... People of Historical Significance Arthur Jeffrey Dempster was born in Canada, but studied at and received his PhD from the University of Chicago. He began teaching physics there in 1916. In 1918, Dempster developed the first modern mass spectrometer. His version was over 100 times more accurate tha ...
HCM - GeneDx
HCM - GeneDx

Ch. 7 Drug web notes
Ch. 7 Drug web notes

... People of Historical Significance Arthur Jeffrey Dempster was born in Canada, but studied at and received his PhD from the University of Chicago. He began teaching physics there in 1916. In 1918, Dempster developed the first modern mass spectrometer. His version was over 100 times more accurate tha ...
Ch 7 Drug Webnotes ppt
Ch 7 Drug Webnotes ppt

... People of Historical Significance Arthur Jeffrey Dempster was born in Canada, but studied at and received his PhD from the University of Chicago. He began teaching physics there in 1916. In 1918, Dempster developed the first modern mass spectrometer. His version was over 100 times more accurate tha ...
Cathie Collier, RDH, MS First Aid CPR Instructor AHA Team
Cathie Collier, RDH, MS First Aid CPR Instructor AHA Team

... The telephone number from which the call is being made The caller’s name and office name What happened and How many people are involved The condition of the victim and type of care being given The caller should stay on the line until further instructed while another person waits for them outside, if ...
ePrescribing Policy Summary
ePrescribing Policy Summary

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patrick_ch09_p1-1
patrick_ch09_p1-1

... Identify targets which are shared but which are significantly different in structure ...
FINDING A LEAD Part 1: Sections 9.1-9.3
FINDING A LEAD Part 1: Sections 9.1-9.3

... Identify targets which are shared but which are significantly different in structure ...
drug effects - Grand Saline ISD
drug effects - Grand Saline ISD

... increases or prolongs the action of another drug, and the total effect is greater than the sum of the effects of each drug used alone. Joint action of drugs in which their combined effect is more intense or longer in duration than the sum of their individual effects. ...
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... clearance decreases an average of 50% in elderly patients with normal serum creatinine levels. Therefore, maintenance doses should be started low (0.125 mg/day) and adjusted according to response and serum digoxin levels. Digoxin DIGITEK LANOXIN must be used with caution in patients with heart failu ...
Επίδραση και κατανοµή ναρκωτικών ουσιών στον εγκέφαλο κατά την
Επίδραση και κατανοµή ναρκωτικών ουσιών στον εγκέφαλο κατά την

...  Narcotic drugs are painkillers (analgesics)  All natural and synthetic compounds derived from opium are known as opiates.  Opiates are addictive drugs, with withdrawal causing severe physiological symptoms. ...
Pharmacokinetics_200..
Pharmacokinetics_200..

... nonionized in the stomach pH? Drug X has a half life of 4 hours and is administered as an intravenous bolus dose to produce a concentration of 100 mcg/ml. How long after administration of the dose of Drug X will the concentration drop to 25 mcg/ml? ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • Which parent determines the baby’s sex? ...
Document
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... What ended up happening to Walter Gilbert’s team and their discovery of the insulin gene? ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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