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Pharmacology - Shelbye's CSON Notes Blog
Pharmacology - Shelbye's CSON Notes Blog

... – Lower surface tension of stool and softens by facilitating penetration of water into the feces – Act on intestinal wall to inhibit fluid absorption and stimulate secretion of water and electrolytes into the intestinal lumen. – Brings water into the stool and makes it softer ...
Power Point Presentation
Power Point Presentation

... • Can identify individual and institutional deviations from protocol • Could identify all those who had mild or severe reactions to a particular drug regime • With informed consent take a single blood sample from each individual • Examine inherited genetic variation in the important metabolising enz ...
TOLERANCE
TOLERANCE

... Dr. Reichelt in Norway, Dr. Cade at the University of Florida, and others found that urine samples from people with autism and schizophrenia contained high amounts of the casomorphin peptide in the urine. … it has opiate properties similar to morphine, and may plug into the same opiate receptor si ...
Complications During Anesthesia
Complications During Anesthesia

... PChD may be inherited and is found in less than 0.01 per cent of the population. The condition may also occur in patients with liver failure and certain tumours, as well as in those exposed to specific medications, such as ecothiopate, and to certain insecticides. Some women at the end of pregnancy ...
Review Notes Chapter 24: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug
Review Notes Chapter 24: Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug

LOMN - GeneDx
LOMN - GeneDx

... hereditary cancer syndrome. However, the only way to thoroughly assess this patient’s future cancer risks is to perform genetic testing. The results of this genetic test will have a direct impact on this patient’s treatment and management. Test Information and Impact of Results on Medical Management ...
SAD-policy
SAD-policy

... 2. If a drug provided to a patient in an outpatient setting is determined to be “selfadministered,” hospital staff must then determine if the drug or biological is an integral component of a Medicare-covered procedure or is directly related to it. In this case, it is considered to be a packaged supp ...
CNS Depressants/Antianxiety Agents
CNS Depressants/Antianxiety Agents

... Rate of distribution depends on their lipid solubility. b) Metabolism can be altered by induction of hepatic enzymes. ...
key concepts in acute pain management
key concepts in acute pain management

... – 10 – fold variability in opioid dose:response for analgesia – A dose of opioid that is inadequate for patient A can lead to significant S/E or even death in patient B. • Many patient factors add to the difficulty – Opioid tolerance, anxiety, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep deprivation, concomitantl ...
Pharmacology
Pharmacology

... needle sticks continue to be a common job related injury use standard/universal precautions on all patients wear gloves when may be in contact with blood do not recap needles dispose of all sharps and contaminated waste appropriately use needless system whenever possible follow all facility policies ...
Leukaemia Section t(4;21)(q31;q22) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Leukaemia Section t(4;21)(q31;q22) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

... Kaffash DM, Coignet L, Nucifora G. A new translocation that rearranges the AML1 gene in a patient with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2002 ...
Pediatric Dosage Calculation Tutorial
Pediatric Dosage Calculation Tutorial

... • These ranges are typically based on a 24 hour total amount of a dosage in mg, mcg, gm, etc. ...
Drug Absorption Definition of Drug Absorption Definition of
Drug Absorption Definition of Drug Absorption Definition of

... Area (A) of the membrane. Lipid partition coefficient (K), a measure of lipid solubility. Cout - Cin is concentration gradient across membrane (downhill). ∆X thickness of membrane. ...
A Layman`s Guide To Psychotropic Drugs.
A Layman`s Guide To Psychotropic Drugs.

... This class of drugs has significant side effects and is not routinely used today except by psychiatrists. g) Atypical Anti-Psychotics. 1. Abilify. This drug has been FDA approved for use as an add on to the above drugs. 2. Mechanism of action. It is not an antidepressant. It is a major tranquilizer ...
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...  depends on (1) degree of ionization – many and are taken at the same time. Isoniazid can drugs are weak acids/bases. block VitB6 or vice versa. This reduces the o Note that the non-ionized form will pass the efficacy of the drug. This can be solved through membrane. Ionized forms will have less ti ...
Ch. 11.3 Other Patterns of Inheritance Learning Objectives: Describe
Ch. 11.3 Other Patterns of Inheritance Learning Objectives: Describe

... Complex Patterns of Inheritance a. Patterns of inheritance that are explained by Mendel’s experiments are often referred to as _______________. b. However, many inheritance patterns are more _____________than those studied by Mendel. c. Incomplete dominance: Appearance of a third phenotype a. When i ...
Introduction to Genetics
Introduction to Genetics

... or tt) it's called HOMOZYGOUS ("homo" means "the same"). Sometimes the term "PURE" is used instead of homozygous. When the GENOTYPE is made up of one capital letter & one lowercase letter (ex: Tt) it's called HETEROZYGOUS ("hetero" means "other"). Just to confuse you, a heterozygous genotype can als ...
Diagnostic perspective in general practice
Diagnostic perspective in general practice

... diagnosis, early detection, and community and ethical guidance. Virtually all of the three billion nucleotides of the human genome have been sequenced and the knowledge of their organisation into the known 30 000–35 000 (possibly 100 000) functional units or genes continues to become more sophistica ...
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Chapter 3 Overview

... the more closely related the organisms, the more genes they share; and that humans have only between 18,000 and 23,000 genes. The regulator genes and the “junk” around the genes are responsible for differences among species. 5. One type of genetic interaction involves additive genes—for example, the ...
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... kanamycin, or amikacin) or capreomycin (injectable agents), a fluoroquinolone, and perhaps a secondline antituberculosis agent such as cycloserine, ethionamide, or p-aminosalicylic acid. Once susceptibility data are available, the drug regimen can be individually tailored to the patient. Patient com ...
Do antidepressants really work?
Do antidepressants really work?

Genetics notes
Genetics notes

... • Only one allele appears in the organism (The flower is either purple or white) • We say that version of the gene is ‘expressed’ • The phenotype describes what allele of the trait is being expressed (the phenotype of the top three flowers is purple, the bottom is white) ...
Death of a Middle-Aged Man after Long Term Abuse of a
Death of a Middle-Aged Man after Long Term Abuse of a

... disruptive hospitalisation; symptoms that shift from one organ system to another; tolerance of painful and invasive procedures without complaint; demands for analgesic medication; and either the absence, or collusion, of visitors” [7]. There is evidence of at least six of these features in our case. ...
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PICA Program The PICA Program is a prescription drug benefit that

... retail pharmacy). Curascript will supply the prescribed medication and related supplies such as needles and syringes, and also provide clinical support to you to help improve compliance as well as provide convenient delivery. If you are currently being prescribed a medication that will be filled as ...
PowerPoint Presentation - INTEGRATIVE PSYCHIATRY: HOLISTIC
PowerPoint Presentation - INTEGRATIVE PSYCHIATRY: HOLISTIC

... that is important to isolate, identify, and eradicate. Physicians are specialized technicians who identify and eradicate causal factors using powerful technologies. Treatment is specific to the illness, not the person Treatment should pass objective, scientific tests Attitudes of physician and patie ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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