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prescribing_answerbook
prescribing_answerbook

... In this case the use of mls could have resulted in a variety of doses being administered to the child as furosemide liquid is available in different strengths from 20mg/5ml to 50mg/5ml and there are a variety of other non-standard strengths which some patients may be receiving. When checking a drug ...
UNDERSTANDING OPIOIDS
UNDERSTANDING OPIOIDS

... An opioid should be taken exactly as prescribed by the doctor • Make sure you know when the patient should take the medication and how much he or she should take The patient should not be taking more or less than the prescribed dosage • Let the doctor know if you think a change in dosage is needed o ...
Genetics 275 Problem Assignment #3 March 2001
Genetics 275 Problem Assignment #3 March 2001

... allele of this gene determines an orange coat color while another allele determines a black coat color. A Tortoise shell cat is described as a mosaic with orange and black patches. a) A tortoise shell cat has a litter of eight kittens: one orange male, two black males, two orange females and three t ...
Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism
Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism

... microsomes containing a single enzyme. Predict drug interactions due to inhibition or induction of drug metabolizing enzymes. Identify pharmacogenetic effects on human drug metabolism Study the transport properties of your drug, using bile canalicular membrane vesicles from animals and humans. ...
Lack of Dose Flexibility in Solid Oral Controlled
Lack of Dose Flexibility in Solid Oral Controlled

... are scored tablets. For the 5 CR Products that bear a score mark, which implies the tablet may be split, 4 have language stating they may be split into halves and one states that “[Product] tablets must be swallowed whole and never crushed or chewed.” In other words, 47 (92%) of the CR Products with ...
- Covenant University
- Covenant University

... administration errors such as: wrong drug, wrong dose, wrong route, wrong time and patient. In addition, other clinical checks, such as allergies, drug-lab and drug-drug interactions can be performed at the time of administration. After a drug reaction has been characterized, specific treatment can ...
Human Genetics - Madison Public Schools
Human Genetics - Madison Public Schools

...  Males and females can show different phenotypes even when they share the same genotype.  Sex-influenced traits are usually autosomal.  For example, an allele that is dominant in males but recessive in females controls pattern baldness, the type of baldness usually found in men. The difference is ...
Gene Mapping and Drosophila
Gene Mapping and Drosophila

... • First, we figure out the degree of recombination between each of the 3 possible gene pairs. The key to getting this right is a correct identification of which phenotypes are "parental" and which are "recombinant." In this cross, this is pretty easy to do. Any combinations that include only sc, ec, ...
Optimization Strategies for Electronic Medication
Optimization Strategies for Electronic Medication

... capabilities, as well as the policy and procedure changes you may need to make. 2. If you have not done so already, engage all stakeholders in the process of implementation. While the predominant user of EMAR is nursing, individuals who provide pharmacy, risk management, quality assessment, and proc ...
Complete SCN1A Evaluation
Complete SCN1A Evaluation

... syndrome and GEFS+. It employs next-generation sequencing (NGS) with copy number variation (CNV) analyses to identify mutations, deletions, and duplications often found in Dravet syndrome. Suspected CNVs are confirmed through customer microarrays or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification ( ...
Marion Technical College Nursing Education Department Nursing
Marion Technical College Nursing Education Department Nursing

... Arthritis Sexual Diseases ...
Anglická výuka
Anglická výuka

...  relapse rates are lower with continuous antipsychotic therapy !  relapses with APs signif. lower than with placebo (circa 20% vs 50%)  poor adherence leads to relapse and high costs to individuals, families, carers and society  stopping medication is the most powerful predictor of relapse ...
Genetic and clinical study of LGMD type 2A in seven patients from a
Genetic and clinical study of LGMD type 2A in seven patients from a

... Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD2) form a group of muscle diseases presenting great clinical and genetic heterogeneity. They are characterized by progressive muscular atrophy and weakness of the pelvic and shoulder girdle and proximal limb muscles, showing considerable vari ...
Advantages - pharmacist
Advantages - pharmacist

... molecule passes through the cells of the stratum corneum, As stratum corneum hydrates, water accumulates near the outer surface of the protein filaments • Lipophilic drugs permeates by Transcellular mechanism. These molecules dissolve in and diffuse through the nonaqueous lipid matrix imbibed betwee ...
KetoVie Peptide Letter of Medical Necessity (PDCD)
KetoVie Peptide Letter of Medical Necessity (PDCD)

... to the central nervous system. Neurological symptoms including seizures, movement disorders, speech and language disorders, cognitive impairment and developmental delay are common. Currently there are no medications that treat PDCD. Standard treatment for PDCD is ketogenic diet therapy. Ketogenic th ...
Adverse Effects of Drug Therapy
Adverse Effects of Drug Therapy

... A history of allergy to a certain drug usually contraindicates the use of other drugs that are closely related to it chemically. For example, a patient who has had an allergic reaction to penicillin V should not take amoxicillin, methicillin, or ticarcillin, all of which share both the thiazolidine ...
Opioid analgesics
Opioid analgesics

... Medical University of Sofia, Faculty of Medicine Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology ...
Frequently asked questions - World Health Organization
Frequently asked questions - World Health Organization

... available evidence on the global use of bedaquiline since this policy was issued. The evidence assessment was based on the GRADE process used by WHO for guideline development since 2008.d This assessment included data from 537 MDR-TB patients treated in South Africa, France, Armenia and Georgia, as ...
Teleclass SLIDES
Teleclass SLIDES

... chemotherapy agents. Due to advances in science, chemotherapy is now commonly administered for the treatment of cancer in patients with both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 85 drugs used in the treatment of cancer between the y ...
New Title - Pepperell Middle School
New Title - Pepperell Middle School

... the normal allele. People with two sickle-cell alleles have the disease. People with one sickle-cell allele produce both normal and abnormal hemoglobin but usually do not have symptoms of the disease. Currently there is no cure for sickle-cell disease. However, treatments can lessen the pain and oth ...
Study Questions – Chapter 1
Study Questions – Chapter 1

... 16. Kate and Dan, two individuals who do not have cystic fibrosis, are both carriers of a defect in the cystic fibrosis gene and decide to have children together. Draw a Punnett square that shows the genotypes of the sperm and eggs they can produce and the genotypes that we would predict for their c ...
PowerPoint slides
PowerPoint slides

... specified world to bring them up in and I’ll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select - doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggarman and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race ...
11.3 Other Patterns of Inheritance 319
11.3 Other Patterns of Inheritance 319

... For Questions 2–8, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word to make the statement true. ...
HYDROCODONE (TUSSIGON) BUTORPHANOL (TORBUGESIC
HYDROCODONE (TUSSIGON) BUTORPHANOL (TORBUGESIC

... Make sure to tell us what other medication you are giving to your pet. The doctor may prescribe two different medications, and a drug interaction may be anticipated. In this case, he may vary the dose and/or monitor your pet more closely. The following drugs can potentially interact with other cough ...
AMERICAN COLLEGE of
AMERICAN COLLEGE of

... increase access to certain drugs which are safe and, therefore, reach populations which have not previously benefited from certain therapies. We applaud such efforts to increase access to appropriate drugs and therapies. However, we also believe that the FDA must carefully consider OTC status for d ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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