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Your slides - Learning
Your slides - Learning

... Antecedent liver injury and the use of potentially hepatotoxic drugs 6. Diagnosis of drug-induced liver disease 7. Management of drug-induced liver disease ...
kinetics.
kinetics.

... Placental barrier. Placental membranes are lipoidal and allow free passage of lipophilic drug, while restricting hydrophilic drugs. The placental P-gp also serves to limit foetal exposure to maternally administered drugs. However restricted amounts of nonlipid soluble drugs, when present in high co ...
Genetics Notes
Genetics Notes

... Phenotype vs. Genotype The genotype is the genetic___ _make-up_ of an organism (in letters). The genotype is the inherited combination of __alleles__. The phenotype is an organism’s inherited ___physical__ __appearance__. ...
Mechanism of Evolution
Mechanism of Evolution

... to be in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium ...
Avoiding Inappropriate Medication Use In Older Adults
Avoiding Inappropriate Medication Use In Older Adults

Mendelian Genetics Activity Reference Sheet
Mendelian Genetics Activity Reference Sheet

... Having identical genes at the corresponding loci on a chromosome pair. Usually applied to autosomal chromosomes, but can also be used to describe the sex-linked inheritance in male birds. Usually interchangeable with "double-factor." Incomplete dominance: A genetic factor that will be "partially exp ...
Natural Selection in Populations
Natural Selection in Populations

... • Genetic variation is stored in a population’s gene pool. – made up of all alleles in a population – allele combinations form when organisms have offspring ...
Company meeting with Janssen - UK-CAB
Company meeting with Janssen - UK-CAB

... • Was safe and well-tolerated • Resulted in an 80% culture conversion rate at week 24, with median times to culture conversion of: • 8 weeks for patients with MDR TB • 12 weeks for patients with Pre-XDR TB • 24 weeks for patients with XDR TB •Responder rates were higher for: • Patients with no cavit ...
New Trends in Substance Abuse
New Trends in Substance Abuse

... may cause confusion and physical discomfort. In severe cases breathing can slow down and stop, resulting in a fatal overdose. The Center for Disease Control estimates that more than 100 people die every day from unintentional prescription drug overdoses. Drug interaction poses another risk. If the p ...
Cardiac Complications Caused by Polypharmacy
Cardiac Complications Caused by Polypharmacy

... a good thing because it helps us understand both the depth and breadth of cardiovascular medicine. That preamble was necessary because it relates directly to the construct of the scientific statement. There is a scientific advisory and coordinating committee for the organization made up of leaders i ...
IND Checklist
IND Checklist

... The drug combination has been approved by the FDA for marketing in the United States – i.e., the drug combination has been described as a part of each individual drug’s FDA approved label. ___ Yes ___ No Note: Consultation with the FDA may be needed at the discretion of the IRB, for example, if the ...
Performance Enhancing Drugs Creatine Risks
Performance Enhancing Drugs Creatine Risks

... Supplements are considered food and not drugs by the FDA. This means supplement manufacturers are not required to conform to the same standards as drug manufacturers do. In some cases, supplements have been found to be contaminated with other substances, which may inadvertently lead to a positive te ...
TOXICOLOGY Program Announcements •• A “Duster” Inhalational Exposure
TOXICOLOGY Program Announcements •• A “Duster” Inhalational Exposure

... sections of the product labeling for Exjade, a drug used to treat chronic iron overload due to blood transfusions (transfusional hemosiderosis) in patients 2 years of age and older. Cases of acute renal failure, some with a fatal outcome, have been reported following the post marketing use of Exjade ...
Medical Genomics Promise, peril and price
Medical Genomics Promise, peril and price

... • No changes in history or exam. Development progressing but still delayed. Autistic behaviors continue. The parents were interested in having more children and were seeking recurrence risk information. • Gene Panel for Autism (61 Genes). – Normal ...
Extensions and Exceptions to Mendel`s Laws Sponge
Extensions and Exceptions to Mendel`s Laws Sponge

... influences the expression of many symptoms in a disorder. These symptoms may be variably expressed • Occurs when a single protein affects different parts of the body or participates in the different biochemical processes ...
about drugs
about drugs

... body's natural opiates, produced when we experience stress. Endorphin release from neurons increases during exercise and this is thought to promote a feeling of well-being. Endorphin release has also been linked with acupuncture, the traditional Chinese medical practice of inserting needles into the ...
Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis
Sheathless Capillary Electrophoresis

... Discovery Solutions Business Center, Brea, CA, USA ...
Critical Behaviors that need to be stated or done in order to pass the
Critical Behaviors that need to be stated or done in order to pass the

File
File

... 2. They reflect the mechanisms by which specific alleles are expressed in the phenotype and do not involve the ability of one allele to subdue another at the level of DNA. ...
Genetics and genomics in wildlife studies: Implications for
Genetics and genomics in wildlife studies: Implications for

... sexual dimorphism. Her results showed that genes influencing sexual dimorphism are located on both sex chromosomes and autosomes. She also found how sex-biased gene expression and selection changed during development associated with periods of peak sex-hormone production. ...
Chapt13 Lecture 13ed Pt 4
Chapt13 Lecture 13ed Pt 4

... skeletal muscles and tendons. • Automatic responses are called ________. ...
Dosage Adjustments Related to Young or Old Age and Organ
Dosage Adjustments Related to Young or Old Age and Organ

... in a more intuitive steady increase in clearance from approximately age 2 years as the child matures into adulthood.6 However, these scaling methods, which require drug doses to be equally scaled to body surface area or an exponential function of weight, are not commonly used in routine clinical pra ...
HbVar_PhenCode - Center for Comparative Genomics and
HbVar_PhenCode - Center for Comparative Genomics and

... mutations associated with a similar phenotype Discover that some of the mutations are in a linked gene, HBB ...
Positional statement on Diclofenac/ ibuprofen switch
Positional statement on Diclofenac/ ibuprofen switch

... term and at the lowest possible dose) is second line as it is safer in breast feeding than naproxen. Patients who present with renal colic or renal stones and require admission may be treated with oral diclofenac for a short time whilst they are inpatient. Patients who are discharged after assessmen ...
Ch11 notes Master
Ch11 notes Master

...  factors that control traits are passed from generation to generation.  genes: chemical factors that determine traits  alleles: contrasting forms of a gene.  e.g. gene for “tallness” or “shortness”  some alleles are dominant; some are recessive.  dominant allele: if present this trait is seen. ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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