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Social Psychology
Social Psychology

... D. Cognitive heuristics that influence social cognition include the following: 1. The representative heuristic is the tendency to judge the membership of a person or object based on how closely the person or object fits the prototype of a given category. This can be seen in cases in which we think t ...
Attitudes and Perceptions - Leadership/Management/Administration
Attitudes and Perceptions - Leadership/Management/Administration

... What is an attitude? Allport (1935) defined an attitude as a mental or neural state of readiness, organized through experience, exerting a directive or dynamic influence on the individual’s response to all objects and situations to which it is related. A simpler definition of attitude is a mindset o ...
Social Psychology
Social Psychology

... psychology has four major concerns: (1) the impact that individuals have on one another; (2) the impact that a group has on its individual members; (3) the impact that individual members have on the group; and (4) the impact that groups have on one another. The course will begin with an overview of ...
chapter 1 - Centre for Disability Studies
chapter 1 - Centre for Disability Studies

... and culturally relative (Kuhn, 1961). A crucial opportunity for disabled people to debate the possibilities of developing new ways of' doing disability research' was provided by a series of seminars funded by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation in the late 1980s and early 1990s. These brought together a ...
371ch3S11
371ch3S11

... © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. McGraw-Hill McGraw-Hill/Irwin ...
THE INTERNET AS PSYCHOLOGICAL LABORATORY
THE INTERNET AS PSYCHOLOGICAL LABORATORY

... Skitka & Mullen (2002) studied reactions of a nationally representative Webenabled sample (see description of Knowledge Networks below) to assess people’s reactions to the case of Elián González (a 6-year-old Cuban boy rescued at sea in November 1999 and brought to the United States) as it unfolde ...
Moral Intuition and Media Entertainment Ron Tamborini Issues
Moral Intuition and Media Entertainment Ron Tamborini Issues

... predict individual reactions, and more in its ability to predict group response. The logic could explain group differences in content appeal as a function of matching module-weight patterns among group members. Moreover, if these modules are truly universal and their varying weights are shaped throu ...
An Atlas of Interpersonal Situations - Assets
An Atlas of Interpersonal Situations - Assets

... whereas existing studies of situational influences on behavior often focus on impersonal features of the situation, we emphasize its interpersonal core – the degree and kind of interdependence between people, the information they have about each other and the situation, and the behavioral options op ...
Does the Defining Issues Test Measure Ethical Judgment Ability or
Does the Defining Issues Test Measure Ethical Judgment Ability or

... political conservatives “do not obtain ‘lower’ scores on moral reasoning measures because they are incapable of obtaining ‘higher’ scores, but because the moral arguments they express convey the political identity they wish to communicate” (p. 458). In the current study, participants have personally ...
I`m a Hypocrite, but So Is Everyone Else: Group Support and the
I`m a Hypocrite, but So Is Everyone Else: Group Support and the

... (1981) conducted four studies using the induced compliance paradigm to resolve this discrepancy and to determine how social support operates to reduce cognitive dissonance. In their key study (Study 3), freedom of choice in engaging in the counterattitudinal behavior and behavioral support for a cou ...
Instruction-Based Approach- Avoidance Effects
Instruction-Based Approach- Avoidance Effects

... responses. Nevertheless, if mere instructions about stimulus-stimulus relations can produce changes in liking, than it is at least plausible that mere instructions about stimulus-action relations also produce changes in liking. In our studies, we therefore adapted the procedure of De Houwer (2006) i ...
organization
organization

... when the members of the permanent team are busy in some other project. Task Force - Such teams are formed for a special purpose of working on any specific project or finding a solution to a very critical problem. Committee - Committees are generally formed to work on a particular assignment either p ...
VI Semester UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT B.B.A-MARKETING SPECIALISATION CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
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... The stage in the buyer decision process in which the consumer is aroused to search for more information is called: a. Information search. . b. Evaluation of alternatives. c. Search for needs. d. Perceptual search. 60. The consumer can obtain information from any of several sources. If the consumer w ...
University of Birmingham Social norms and their influence on eating
University of Birmingham Social norms and their influence on eating

... (Dawes and Thaler, 1988). In the context of food foraging, hunter-gatherer societies engage in ...
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... Norms exert such a powerful influence on behavior that even individuals who privately reject their society's norms usually follow these standards nonetheless. Asch (1955) documented the too-human tendency to conform to norms experimentally by placing individuals into groups that were making incorrec ...
Infiltrating an e-Tribe: Marketing within the Machinima [Computerised Games] Community Tracy Harwood*
Infiltrating an e-Tribe: Marketing within the Machinima [Computerised Games] Community Tracy Harwood*

... to identify with groups that have attractive or perceived ‘prestigious’ public images (Dutton et al., 1994). These perceptions of deep level similarity impact on the degree of social identification an individual may have with pertinent groups (Jehn et al., 1999). Where this results in an intense ‘c ...
Developing a Sociological Consciousness
Developing a Sociological Consciousness

... through science. This science—sociology— pursues the study of social interaction and group behavior through research governed by the rigorous and disciplined collection of data and analysis of facts. Many of us are not only interested in understanding society and human behavior. We also would like t ...
Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control
Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control

... across societies and from one group to another within the same society. 1. According to sociologist Howard S. Becker, it is not the act itself that makes an action deviant, but rather how society reacts to it. 2. Because different groups have different norms, what is deviant to some is not deviant t ...
The Question of Learning: The System
The Question of Learning: The System

... significantly in order to assimilate. In this process, transformative learning occurs, i.e. accommodation significantly prevails over assimilation. One of Piaget’s best-known pieces of exemplary research on egocentrism in children in the preoperational stage, usually referred to as “The Three Mounta ...
Consumer Motivation - Durham University Community
Consumer Motivation - Durham University Community

... To the right of the diagram, we see environmental factors which may influence the decision-making process at any stage. This category would include a whole array of variables, ranging from exposure to advertising and promotional materials through to store atmosphere, crowding and the opinions of si ...
Constructing credible images: Documentary studies, social research
Constructing credible images: Documentary studies, social research

... Some people have taken this to mean that we should forget about empirical inquiry altogether, but it leads me to recommend doing somewhat more of it rather than less. It seems a bit foolish, for example, to dismiss a number, chunk of text or photograph just because it’s been “socially constructed.” ...
Social Psych - Plain Local Schools
Social Psych - Plain Local Schools

... Fig. 20.2 Typical spatial zones (in feet) for face-to-face interactions in North America. Often, we must stand within intimate distance of others in crowds, buses, subways, elevators, and other public places. At such times, privacy is maintained by avoiding eye contact, by standing shoulder to shou ...
No harm, no foul: The outcome bias in ethical judgments Working
No harm, no foul: The outcome bias in ethical judgments Working

... While prior research on the effects of outcome information has focused on judgments about decision quality, evaluations of the individual making the decision (e.g., her competence), and attributions of blame and responsibility as the main dependent variables, our primary focus is on ethical judgment ...
Research paper: Nonverbal communication, status differences
Research paper: Nonverbal communication, status differences

... without words. The distinction between verbal and nonverbal communication is not always easy to make. In verbal communication, each word has a specific meaning and people can be held accountable for what they say. Most nonverbal communication, however, is ambiguous with respect to meaning. Situation ...
Lazarsfeld, Paul F.
Lazarsfeld, Paul F.

... and 1950s. The first is that audiences selectively consume and interpret mass media. Listeners and readers, in other words, choose among the many programs or articles on offer according to their preferences, and they also—so Lazarsfeld claimed—filter those messages through the prism of their own pre ...
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Communication in small groups

Communication in small groups is interpersonal communication within groups of between 3 and 20 individuals. Groups generally work in a context that is both relational and social. Quality communication such as helping behaviors and information-sharing causes groups to be superior to the average individual in terms of the quality of decisions and effectiveness of decisions made or actions taken. However, quality decision-making requires that members both identify with the group and have an attitude of commitment to participation in interaction.
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