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Introduction to Biotechnology
Introduction to Biotechnology

... contains N-acetylglucosamine and Nacetylmuramic acid and several different amino acids • Walls contain teichoic acid ( polymers of glycerol or ribitol joined by phosphate groups) ...
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... are usually typical for a species; however, Pleomorphism (shape variation) can be significant in old cultures where nutrients are used up, and wastes accumulated •use fresh cultures for light microscopy & staining! ...
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Bacterial morphological plasticity

Bacterial morphological plasticity refers to evolutionary changes in the shape and size of bacterial cells. As bacteria evolve, morphology changes have to be made to maintain the consistency of the cell. However, this consistency could be affected in some circumstances (such as environmental stress) and changes in bacterial shape and size, but specially the transformation into filamentous organisms have been recently showed. These are survival strategies that affect the bacterial normal physiology in response for instance to innate immune response, predator sensing, quorum sensing and antimicrobial signs.
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