1 An Introduction to Sociology
... using food stamps. According to Hanson and Gundersen (2002), how strongly this stigma is felt is linked to the general economic climate. This illustrates how sociologists observe a pattern in society. Sociologists identify and study patterns related to all kinds of contemporary social issues. The “d ...
... using food stamps. According to Hanson and Gundersen (2002), how strongly this stigma is felt is linked to the general economic climate. This illustrates how sociologists observe a pattern in society. Sociologists identify and study patterns related to all kinds of contemporary social issues. The “d ...
Understanding Criminology
... the belief in the power of reason, in some respects, not only took the place of religion but also put in its place a belief in the reasonable power of science and the scientific enterprise. These ideas, associated with the Enlightenment emerged during the eighteenth century. As we shall see, they se ...
... the belief in the power of reason, in some respects, not only took the place of religion but also put in its place a belief in the reasonable power of science and the scientific enterprise. These ideas, associated with the Enlightenment emerged during the eighteenth century. As we shall see, they se ...
the new technology of risk assessment
... estimate impacts on city-level homicide trends, and propensity score matching to estimate the effects of being placed on the list on five measures related to gun violence. A mediation analysis and interviews with police leadership and COMPSTAT meeting observations help understand what is driving res ...
... estimate impacts on city-level homicide trends, and propensity score matching to estimate the effects of being placed on the list on five measures related to gun violence. A mediation analysis and interviews with police leadership and COMPSTAT meeting observations help understand what is driving res ...
Forensic Social Case Work: An Analytical Survey
... exercise their authority. Rather, the case is "locked up" by the agency, which represents a significantly different definition of the situation, for both case worker and client. This correspondingly basically changes the characteristics of the relationship among agency, worker and client. 5 The ment ...
... exercise their authority. Rather, the case is "locked up" by the agency, which represents a significantly different definition of the situation, for both case worker and client. This correspondingly basically changes the characteristics of the relationship among agency, worker and client. 5 The ment ...
Edward A. Shils, A Fragment of a Sociological Autobiography: The
... the individual members of a collectivity of the existence of that collectivity as a trans-individual entity of which they and others are parts and that a corresponding belief is held by the others about other members of the collectivity including in certain cases themselves” (171). Given that Shils’ ...
... the individual members of a collectivity of the existence of that collectivity as a trans-individual entity of which they and others are parts and that a corresponding belief is held by the others about other members of the collectivity including in certain cases themselves” (171). Given that Shils’ ...
Sentencing Reform, the Federal Criminal Justice
... Congress, recognizing that the inconsistency and uncertainty in federal sentencing practices were incompatible with effective crime control, declared that "the existing Federal system lacks the sureness that criminal justice must provide if it is to retain the confidence of American society and if i ...
... Congress, recognizing that the inconsistency and uncertainty in federal sentencing practices were incompatible with effective crime control, declared that "the existing Federal system lacks the sureness that criminal justice must provide if it is to retain the confidence of American society and if i ...
The multi-trajectory theory of adult firesetting (M
... the process of theory development to think about the relative strength of their theory. Hooker (1987) and Newton-Smith (2002) have argued, for example, that the following criteria can be helpful for comparing relative utility of theories: empirical adequacy (i.e., is the theory supported by existing ...
... the process of theory development to think about the relative strength of their theory. Hooker (1987) and Newton-Smith (2002) have argued, for example, that the following criteria can be helpful for comparing relative utility of theories: empirical adequacy (i.e., is the theory supported by existing ...
Social Disenfranchisement
... public safety. When convicted sex offenders reenter society, they are much more likely than any other type of offender to be re-arrested for a new rape or sexual assault. Given the high rate of recidivism for sex offenders and that reducing opportunity and temptation is important to minimizing the r ...
... public safety. When convicted sex offenders reenter society, they are much more likely than any other type of offender to be re-arrested for a new rape or sexual assault. Given the high rate of recidivism for sex offenders and that reducing opportunity and temptation is important to minimizing the r ...
The Influence of Social Norms in Consumer Behavior
... Social norms are major drivers of human behavior and crucial in consumer decision making. Consumers often take expectations and behavior of others into consideration when they decide what is appropriate and social norms thus profoundly influence their preferences and behavior (Cialdini, Reno, and Ka ...
... Social norms are major drivers of human behavior and crucial in consumer decision making. Consumers often take expectations and behavior of others into consideration when they decide what is appropriate and social norms thus profoundly influence their preferences and behavior (Cialdini, Reno, and Ka ...
Chapter 4 Sociology
... terms) was the structural-functionalist programme of Talcott Parsons, which dominated mid-twentieth century sociology in the United States (Parsons and Shils 1951; Parsons 1952). Parsons hoped his theoretical approach would both consolidate the field and establish it as the most general social scien ...
... terms) was the structural-functionalist programme of Talcott Parsons, which dominated mid-twentieth century sociology in the United States (Parsons and Shils 1951; Parsons 1952). Parsons hoped his theoretical approach would both consolidate the field and establish it as the most general social scien ...
Reducing drug-related crime
... of the traffickers, but also seek to tackle the underlying causes of drug abuse and criminal behaviour, or reduce the opportunities for offenders to commit crimes, or rehabilitate those offenders when they have been arrested. While the global research base in this area is currently not sufficiently ...
... of the traffickers, but also seek to tackle the underlying causes of drug abuse and criminal behaviour, or reduce the opportunities for offenders to commit crimes, or rehabilitate those offenders when they have been arrested. While the global research base in this area is currently not sufficiently ...
Race-Based Jury Nullification - The John Marshall Institutional
... about that? So, unsurprisingly then, virtually all of the sociological theories predict high levels of African-American criminal behavior. A short quote, if you will indulge me, from Michael Tonry: Crime by young disadvantaged black men [does not] result primarily from their individual moral failure ...
... about that? So, unsurprisingly then, virtually all of the sociological theories predict high levels of African-American criminal behavior. A short quote, if you will indulge me, from Michael Tonry: Crime by young disadvantaged black men [does not] result primarily from their individual moral failure ...
Berk DEV
... same society at different point in time. Physical illness has objective properties. Cancer is the same in whatever society it is found. But mental illness has no objective properties that are universally regarded as insanity by every culture. What constitutes illness is determined by a particular so ...
... same society at different point in time. Physical illness has objective properties. Cancer is the same in whatever society it is found. But mental illness has no objective properties that are universally regarded as insanity by every culture. What constitutes illness is determined by a particular so ...
Retributivism: A Just Basis for Criminal Sentences
... which tend to produce unjustly long sentences. Indeed, the overriding goal of rehabilitation emphasizes society's, rather than the individual's, welfare. Among the supporters of the indeterminate model are the drafters of the Model Penal Code.' 9 The Code permits broad indeterminacy, permitting the ...
... which tend to produce unjustly long sentences. Indeed, the overriding goal of rehabilitation emphasizes society's, rather than the individual's, welfare. Among the supporters of the indeterminate model are the drafters of the Model Penal Code.' 9 The Code permits broad indeterminacy, permitting the ...
OCR A Level Psychology Delivery Guide
... in. A barrier to learning may also be a lack of understanding of the judicial system (e.g. the role of the police and courts) and therefore it is advisable that this is covered prior to embarking upon the topics in this module. All topics within this module have a conceptual link with research metho ...
... in. A barrier to learning may also be a lack of understanding of the judicial system (e.g. the role of the police and courts) and therefore it is advisable that this is covered prior to embarking upon the topics in this module. All topics within this module have a conceptual link with research metho ...
Towards `Crime Specific` Digital Investigation Frameworks
... The Hierarchical Objectives-based Framework (Beebe and Clark, 2005) proposed a multi-tier investigation framework. It is looking for evidence with more detail, on a lower level, unlike other frameworks and appears well structured overall. This approach is useful for the design of a ‘crime specific’ ...
... The Hierarchical Objectives-based Framework (Beebe and Clark, 2005) proposed a multi-tier investigation framework. It is looking for evidence with more detail, on a lower level, unlike other frameworks and appears well structured overall. This approach is useful for the design of a ‘crime specific’ ...
evolutionary perspectives on business and ethics
... moral rules that all rational contractors will uphold in the absence of coercion. The most serious challenges to a naturalistic closure of the “is-ought gap” has come from a motley crew of philosophical realists. Some realists point out that, empirically speaking, human beings that occupy the so cal ...
... moral rules that all rational contractors will uphold in the absence of coercion. The most serious challenges to a naturalistic closure of the “is-ought gap” has come from a motley crew of philosophical realists. Some realists point out that, empirically speaking, human beings that occupy the so cal ...
The National Criminal Justice Association: Home
... The successful Hawaii Opportunity Probation with Enforcement (HOPE) program allows a court to deliver swift, certain, and proportionate jail consequences for probation violations. The HOPE is interconnected with Hawaii’s Interagency Council on Intermediate Sanctions (ICIS) – a joint effort of probat ...
... The successful Hawaii Opportunity Probation with Enforcement (HOPE) program allows a court to deliver swift, certain, and proportionate jail consequences for probation violations. The HOPE is interconnected with Hawaii’s Interagency Council on Intermediate Sanctions (ICIS) – a joint effort of probat ...
1 - International Social Theory Consortium
... democratization. Greater interplay will assist with understanding the nature and significance of different versions of ‘publicness’, the essence of a communicative account of democracy, as they become resituated in response to emergent cosmopolitan challenges. ...
... democratization. Greater interplay will assist with understanding the nature and significance of different versions of ‘publicness’, the essence of a communicative account of democracy, as they become resituated in response to emergent cosmopolitan challenges. ...
CSI and Forensic Realism
... CSI is a part of a long tradition in popular culture: crime has been an enduring genre across media, including television. Genres, which are categories of cultural production, are characterized by stability, i.e., predictable elements that define them, but also by elements that change with the times ...
... CSI is a part of a long tradition in popular culture: crime has been an enduring genre across media, including television. Genres, which are categories of cultural production, are characterized by stability, i.e., predictable elements that define them, but also by elements that change with the times ...
The Underlying Theory of the Rape Prevention and Education
... innovation earlier than most, and are able to influence the overt behaviors of the intended audience. Consequently, while rape prevention programs may be the change agents, it is important that others (perhaps other social service agencies and both formal and informal leaders in the community) be in ...
... innovation earlier than most, and are able to influence the overt behaviors of the intended audience. Consequently, while rape prevention programs may be the change agents, it is important that others (perhaps other social service agencies and both formal and informal leaders in the community) be in ...
Creating Safer Communities: The Underlying Theory of the Rape
... effects of the intervention. This information is most influential when it is based on the subjective evaluations of others who are similar to the person. While mass media communication can reach a lot of people, it is probably only a good strategy for raising awareness and for reaching “early innova ...
... effects of the intervention. This information is most influential when it is based on the subjective evaluations of others who are similar to the person. While mass media communication can reach a lot of people, it is probably only a good strategy for raising awareness and for reaching “early innova ...
Social and Behavioral Theories - e-Source: Behavioral and Social
... Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and the PRECEDE/PROCEED planning model. Most of these reviews examined individual and small-group interventions and few addressed organizational change, provider behavior or other upstream interventions. These patterns are similar to those in broad reviews of the li ...
... Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), and the PRECEDE/PROCEED planning model. Most of these reviews examined individual and small-group interventions and few addressed organizational change, provider behavior or other upstream interventions. These patterns are similar to those in broad reviews of the li ...
Criminology
Criminology (from Latin crīmen, ""accusation""; and Greek -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of the nature, extent, management, causes, control, consequences, and prevention of criminal behavior, both on the individual and social levels. Criminology is an interdisciplinary field in the behavioral sciences, drawing especially upon the research of sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, social anthropologists, as well as scholars of law.The term criminology was coined in 1885 by Italian law professor Raffaele Garofalo as criminologia. Later, French anthropologist Paul Topinard used the analogous French term criminologie.