Experimental Tests of the Dependence of Arthropod Diversity on Plant Diversity
... dance, herbivore abundance/total abundance, and predator abundance/total abundance) depended on log 2 (number of species planted). A significant result was taken as evidence that the arthropods present in plots were not simply random subsamples of the individuals in the field (see Morin 1983 for a f ...
... dance, herbivore abundance/total abundance, and predator abundance/total abundance) depended on log 2 (number of species planted). A significant result was taken as evidence that the arthropods present in plots were not simply random subsamples of the individuals in the field (see Morin 1983 for a f ...
The role of past and present management in the rural landscape
... In Europe, species-rich semi-natural grasslands have been created and maintained by the long history of grazing by wild animals and livestock (Vera 2000), but agricultural industrialisation in the nineteenth and twentieth century has resulted in the widespread and severe loss of semi-natural grassla ...
... In Europe, species-rich semi-natural grasslands have been created and maintained by the long history of grazing by wild animals and livestock (Vera 2000), but agricultural industrialisation in the nineteenth and twentieth century has resulted in the widespread and severe loss of semi-natural grassla ...
univERsity oF copEnhAGEn
... Fanta 1995). High temperatures, sunny with low precipitation, have a positive effect, while rain and night frost during flowering and seed set negatively affect seed production (van Tol 1979, Fanta 1995). Topoliantz & Ponge report that seed production is age related and the main influencing environm ...
... Fanta 1995). High temperatures, sunny with low precipitation, have a positive effect, while rain and night frost during flowering and seed set negatively affect seed production (van Tol 1979, Fanta 1995). Topoliantz & Ponge report that seed production is age related and the main influencing environm ...
Predation in bird populations
... If we consider non-lethal effects as inevitable whenever one species hunts another that is capable of behaviours that might reduce its risk of attack or capture, then there should only ever be special circumstances when predators do not affect prey populations indirectly. Widespread non-lethal comp ...
... If we consider non-lethal effects as inevitable whenever one species hunts another that is capable of behaviours that might reduce its risk of attack or capture, then there should only ever be special circumstances when predators do not affect prey populations indirectly. Widespread non-lethal comp ...
Disturbance, Habitat Structure, and the Dynamics of a Coral
... density-dependent effects on other species in the system. Spatial heterogeneity may also be generated by disturbance, which may operate to reset successional stages of patches within a mosaic (Clark 1991). Therefore, in order to develop a model of disturbance effects on a particular community, it is ...
... density-dependent effects on other species in the system. Spatial heterogeneity may also be generated by disturbance, which may operate to reset successional stages of patches within a mosaic (Clark 1991). Therefore, in order to develop a model of disturbance effects on a particular community, it is ...
Food habits of jaguars and pumas in Jalisco, Mexico
... June and October, primarily during intense tropical storms and hurricanes (Bullock, 1986). Streams are ephemeral, and during the dry season free water is found only in scattered, isolated pools in the arroyos. Nearly 90% of the Reserve's vegetation is classified as deciduous dry forest (Rzedowski, 1 ...
... June and October, primarily during intense tropical storms and hurricanes (Bullock, 1986). Streams are ephemeral, and during the dry season free water is found only in scattered, isolated pools in the arroyos. Nearly 90% of the Reserve's vegetation is classified as deciduous dry forest (Rzedowski, 1 ...
Trophic promiscuity, intraguild predation and the problem of omnivores
... both significant positive and negative effects; the negative reports do not cease to be valid in their own right just because they are less common on average than the positive ones. Perhaps the more interesting question is why the effects of multi-predator species on pest suppression appear to be co ...
... both significant positive and negative effects; the negative reports do not cease to be valid in their own right just because they are less common on average than the positive ones. Perhaps the more interesting question is why the effects of multi-predator species on pest suppression appear to be co ...
Reading Biodiversity Action Plan
... Most of Reading lies on the north western edge of this large Natural Area. The London Basin Natural Area is characterised by being low lying land, created from old river terraces and glacial outwash of clays, gravels and sands. As with Reading, rivers cut through the Natural Area, bringing along dif ...
... Most of Reading lies on the north western edge of this large Natural Area. The London Basin Natural Area is characterised by being low lying land, created from old river terraces and glacial outwash of clays, gravels and sands. As with Reading, rivers cut through the Natural Area, bringing along dif ...
PROCEEDINGS STREAKED HORNED LARK WORKSHOP 2007
... translocation. See pages (51-57) for the list of discussion questions as well as detailed notes from the group moderators about their sessions. The agricultural group focused on key actions including filling in knowledge gaps, development of best management practices for agricultural lands, incorpor ...
... translocation. See pages (51-57) for the list of discussion questions as well as detailed notes from the group moderators about their sessions. The agricultural group focused on key actions including filling in knowledge gaps, development of best management practices for agricultural lands, incorpor ...
Hippo Conservation and the World Conservation Union
... habitat pollution, combined with civil unrest present significant threats to the population. In the Sapo National forest, home to the largest population of pygmy hippos, they are officially protected. However, political conflicts and economic pressures make enforcement of conservation laws a low pri ...
... habitat pollution, combined with civil unrest present significant threats to the population. In the Sapo National forest, home to the largest population of pygmy hippos, they are officially protected. However, political conflicts and economic pressures make enforcement of conservation laws a low pri ...
Seed Dispersal by Brown Bears, Ursus arctos, in Southeastern Alaska
... logged areas (Patten 1993). Because forest was the common habitat, this meant that the forest fruits, such as most of the species examined here, had a fairly high probability of deposition in the appropriate habitat (Patten 1993). On a smaller scale, defecation by moving bears could increase the pro ...
... logged areas (Patten 1993). Because forest was the common habitat, this meant that the forest fruits, such as most of the species examined here, had a fairly high probability of deposition in the appropriate habitat (Patten 1993). On a smaller scale, defecation by moving bears could increase the pro ...
Annemarie Nagle
... Gleason. His assertion that it was entirely possible to have completely differently structured communities experiencing identical climactic conditions and observations of the vegetative composition of transition areas led him to formulate his hypothesis of individualistic association. Under this hyp ...
... Gleason. His assertion that it was entirely possible to have completely differently structured communities experiencing identical climactic conditions and observations of the vegetative composition of transition areas led him to formulate his hypothesis of individualistic association. Under this hyp ...
The low performance of forest versus rural coyotes in northeastern
... summer than their counterparts occupying adjacent rural landscapes. We hypothesised that the forest landscape offered less animal prey to coyotes during summer than did the rural landscape. Coyote densities were higher in the rural landscape (2.7 animals 10 km-2) than in the forest landscape (0.5 an ...
... summer than their counterparts occupying adjacent rural landscapes. We hypothesised that the forest landscape offered less animal prey to coyotes during summer than did the rural landscape. Coyote densities were higher in the rural landscape (2.7 animals 10 km-2) than in the forest landscape (0.5 an ...
Monitoring data from citizen-science programs
... Ecological roles and conservation challenges of social, burrowing, herbivorous mammals in the world’s grasslands Ana D Davidson1,2*, James K Detling3, and James H Brown1 The world’s grassland ecosystems are shaped in part by a key functional group of social, burrowing, herbivorous mammals. Through h ...
... Ecological roles and conservation challenges of social, burrowing, herbivorous mammals in the world’s grasslands Ana D Davidson1,2*, James K Detling3, and James H Brown1 The world’s grassland ecosystems are shaped in part by a key functional group of social, burrowing, herbivorous mammals. Through h ...
paper on modeling food webs
... grass, herb, and woody plant communities on different soils and across a rainfall gradient [34]. This well-documented structure allows us to examine the extent to which habitat structure defines network topology at multiple trophic levels. Although not yet a comprehensive community web, with the add ...
... grass, herb, and woody plant communities on different soils and across a rainfall gradient [34]. This well-documented structure allows us to examine the extent to which habitat structure defines network topology at multiple trophic levels. Although not yet a comprehensive community web, with the add ...
Full-Text PDF
... farms [30] or the Sami lands [31], will not be treated here. The historical development of cultural fodder for livestock, the latter covering the largest area. Moist or wet meadows were generally open, landscapes in southern Sweden has been treated in several studies [32,33]; see also [34] for a Eur ...
... farms [30] or the Sami lands [31], will not be treated here. The historical development of cultural fodder for livestock, the latter covering the largest area. Moist or wet meadows were generally open, landscapes in southern Sweden has been treated in several studies [32,33]; see also [34] for a Eur ...
native vegetation - Department of Environment Regulation
... This principle aims to maintain indigenous fauna species and assemblages of species in their local natural habitat. This principle protects habitat for threatened fauna and significant habitat for meta-populations of fauna. Fauna plays an important role in maintaining ecosystems and the life-support ...
... This principle aims to maintain indigenous fauna species and assemblages of species in their local natural habitat. This principle protects habitat for threatened fauna and significant habitat for meta-populations of fauna. Fauna plays an important role in maintaining ecosystems and the life-support ...
(1999) Consequences of the Allee effect for behaviour, ecology and
... a situation that might arise in a flock of another species, where collective vigilance shows little increase above a small number of birds, but in flocks below that size, mortality due to predation is almost 100%). ...
... a situation that might arise in a flock of another species, where collective vigilance shows little increase above a small number of birds, but in flocks below that size, mortality due to predation is almost 100%). ...
fluence benthic community assemblages in seagrass Examining how landscapes in
... Order Scolecida were most abundant (44.1%), followed by the following orders: Phyllodocida (28.5%), Spionida (10.3), Terebellida (7.8%), Eunicida (3.2%), and (Sabellida 0.7%). Sixteen species of fish were captured in trawl surveys conducted in shallow subtidal and intertidal habitats throughout Casco ...
... Order Scolecida were most abundant (44.1%), followed by the following orders: Phyllodocida (28.5%), Spionida (10.3), Terebellida (7.8%), Eunicida (3.2%), and (Sabellida 0.7%). Sixteen species of fish were captured in trawl surveys conducted in shallow subtidal and intertidal habitats throughout Casco ...
View plan for Opaelua Lower Management Unit
... • Assess if the percent cover for both the native understory and canopy is 50% or more across the entire management unit (Makua Implementation Team et al. 2003). • If native species cover is not below the 50% threshold, determine if this value is increased significantly toward that goal based on rep ...
... • Assess if the percent cover for both the native understory and canopy is 50% or more across the entire management unit (Makua Implementation Team et al. 2003). • If native species cover is not below the 50% threshold, determine if this value is increased significantly toward that goal based on rep ...
CO 2
... • Augmentation of ecosystem processes involves resupplying an area with key factors that have been removed • Encouraging the growth of plants that thrive on nutrient-poor soils can hasten the rate of recovery of some tropical areas – In Puerto Rico, the legume Albizia helped set the stage for recol ...
... • Augmentation of ecosystem processes involves resupplying an area with key factors that have been removed • Encouraging the growth of plants that thrive on nutrient-poor soils can hasten the rate of recovery of some tropical areas – In Puerto Rico, the legume Albizia helped set the stage for recol ...
PotterCountyPa.Net
... The Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) is responsible for collecting, tracking and interpreting information regarding the Commonwealth’s biological diversity. County Natural Heritage Inventories (CNHIs) are an important part of the work of PNHP. Since 1989, PNHP has conducted county invent ...
... The Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) is responsible for collecting, tracking and interpreting information regarding the Commonwealth’s biological diversity. County Natural Heritage Inventories (CNHIs) are an important part of the work of PNHP. Since 1989, PNHP has conducted county invent ...
Teachers` notes
... Where did they come from and where are they going! Historically, many heathlands are the result of humans clearing the landscape for agriculture and timber. If left unmanaged, many would gradually undergo succession to form a forest. Many heathlands are managed carefully to maintain them as a heathl ...
... Where did they come from and where are they going! Historically, many heathlands are the result of humans clearing the landscape for agriculture and timber. If left unmanaged, many would gradually undergo succession to form a forest. Many heathlands are managed carefully to maintain them as a heathl ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.