Teachers` notes
... Where did they come from and where are they going! Historically, many heathlands are the result of humans clearing the landscape for agriculture and timber. If left unmanaged, many would gradually undergo succession to form a forest. Many heathlands are managed carefully to maintain them as a heathl ...
... Where did they come from and where are they going! Historically, many heathlands are the result of humans clearing the landscape for agriculture and timber. If left unmanaged, many would gradually undergo succession to form a forest. Many heathlands are managed carefully to maintain them as a heathl ...
Eco-evolutionary dynamics of communities and Ecosystems
... a minimum of six equations. This usually suggests a number of parameters large enough for a totally comprehensive understanding of all the possible dynamics to be out of the question. Nevertheless, there have been some attempts to understand systems with three coevolving interacting species. Abrams ...
... a minimum of six equations. This usually suggests a number of parameters large enough for a totally comprehensive understanding of all the possible dynamics to be out of the question. Nevertheless, there have been some attempts to understand systems with three coevolving interacting species. Abrams ...
Rangeland Weed Management - KSRE Bookstore
... weeds that are not compatible with range forage should be targeted for control. Many “weeds” are actually beneficial to livestock and wildlife, and the consequences of their removal should be considered before a control program begins. Because species respond differently to control attempts, accurat ...
... weeds that are not compatible with range forage should be targeted for control. Many “weeds” are actually beneficial to livestock and wildlife, and the consequences of their removal should be considered before a control program begins. Because species respond differently to control attempts, accurat ...
PotterCountyPa.Net
... The Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) is responsible for collecting, tracking and interpreting information regarding the Commonwealth’s biological diversity. County Natural Heritage Inventories (CNHIs) are an important part of the work of PNHP. Since 1989, PNHP has conducted county invent ...
... The Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) is responsible for collecting, tracking and interpreting information regarding the Commonwealth’s biological diversity. County Natural Heritage Inventories (CNHIs) are an important part of the work of PNHP. Since 1989, PNHP has conducted county invent ...
PDF
... If transgenic crop deployment proves to reduce pesticide use in the future, this would likely have a beneficial effect on the environment and biodiversity. In particular, reductions in pesticide use would reduce the pesticide-induced mortality of natural enemies—a critical aspect of conservation bio ...
... If transgenic crop deployment proves to reduce pesticide use in the future, this would likely have a beneficial effect on the environment and biodiversity. In particular, reductions in pesticide use would reduce the pesticide-induced mortality of natural enemies—a critical aspect of conservation bio ...
Invasion of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and the rise of the boreal
... and experimental investigations show that an invasion of a competitive plant species can change not only ecosystem composition and structure but also environmental processes and factors such as soil and light properties, hydrological conditions, nutrient cycles and disturbance regimes (GómezAparacio ...
... and experimental investigations show that an invasion of a competitive plant species can change not only ecosystem composition and structure but also environmental processes and factors such as soil and light properties, hydrological conditions, nutrient cycles and disturbance regimes (GómezAparacio ...
Density, distribution, and attributes of tree cavities in an
... cavity-nesting species than temperate avifaunas. More work on cavity occupancy rates, nest site selection, and reproductive success in relation to cavity characteristics will be necessary to reject this hypothesis. Nevertheless, our study suggests that even with relatively few primary cavity nesting ...
... cavity-nesting species than temperate avifaunas. More work on cavity occupancy rates, nest site selection, and reproductive success in relation to cavity characteristics will be necessary to reject this hypothesis. Nevertheless, our study suggests that even with relatively few primary cavity nesting ...
Deep-Sea Fish Behavioral Responses to Underwater
... As we know today, the need to consider human-induced behavioral disturbance as an important factor in ecological studies (Beale 2007) applies even to inhabitants of remote aquatic habitats such as the deep sea. In situ studies using various types of underwater vehicles (UV’s) have significantly chan ...
... As we know today, the need to consider human-induced behavioral disturbance as an important factor in ecological studies (Beale 2007) applies even to inhabitants of remote aquatic habitats such as the deep sea. In situ studies using various types of underwater vehicles (UV’s) have significantly chan ...
Transgenic Crops: Implications for Biodiversity and Sustainable
... If transgenic crop deployment proves to reduce pesticide use in the future, this would likely have a beneficial effect on the environment and biodiversity. In particular, reductions in pesticide use would reduce the pesticide-induced mortality of natural enemies—a critical aspect of conservation bio ...
... If transgenic crop deployment proves to reduce pesticide use in the future, this would likely have a beneficial effect on the environment and biodiversity. In particular, reductions in pesticide use would reduce the pesticide-induced mortality of natural enemies—a critical aspect of conservation bio ...
S. altissima
... bud (Fig. 1)(1). Fly galls are subject to predation from birds and other insects, including a beetle and two parasitic wasps (1). This interaction has been used to demonstrate balancing selection and to study trophic interactions (1,2,3). An open question remains whether host plant or habitat specia ...
... bud (Fig. 1)(1). Fly galls are subject to predation from birds and other insects, including a beetle and two parasitic wasps (1). This interaction has been used to demonstrate balancing selection and to study trophic interactions (1,2,3). An open question remains whether host plant or habitat specia ...
Ecosystem change and stability over multiple decades in the
... such as carbon capture and release). Although changes in Arctic ecosystems have been documented [4–11], attribution to a particular driver remains uncertain in some cases [12,13]. This is because of the multiple co-occurring drivers and also because any one driver such as climate warming can act on ...
... such as carbon capture and release). Although changes in Arctic ecosystems have been documented [4–11], attribution to a particular driver remains uncertain in some cases [12,13]. This is because of the multiple co-occurring drivers and also because any one driver such as climate warming can act on ...
The conservation value of regrowth native plant communities: a
... With the exception of one study of clearing of Brigalow in Queensland, there are no before and after / control and impact manipulative studies addressing the topic. Many papers are inferential in their nature and attempt to reconstruct the nature of vegetation prior to clearing. Literature dealing w ...
... With the exception of one study of clearing of Brigalow in Queensland, there are no before and after / control and impact manipulative studies addressing the topic. Many papers are inferential in their nature and attempt to reconstruct the nature of vegetation prior to clearing. Literature dealing w ...
A Review of Alberta`s Draft Recovery Plan for Woodland Caribou
... province is failing to protect a species at risk, the federal government has the ability to step in to ensure its protection. 5 Across Canada, the leading cause of forest habitat alteration and fragmentation is industrial activity occurring within forest ecosystems. (Southern Ontario is an exception ...
... province is failing to protect a species at risk, the federal government has the ability to step in to ensure its protection. 5 Across Canada, the leading cause of forest habitat alteration and fragmentation is industrial activity occurring within forest ecosystems. (Southern Ontario is an exception ...
Competitive strategies of soft corals (Coelenterata
... glaucum (Quoy & Gaimard) and Sinularia sp. Visible effects observed included growth modification, stunting, scarring, and bleaching. Allelopathy was suspected as the cause. An experiment was performed to examine the responses of certain alcyonaceans to each other in competition for space a n d possi ...
... glaucum (Quoy & Gaimard) and Sinularia sp. Visible effects observed included growth modification, stunting, scarring, and bleaching. Allelopathy was suspected as the cause. An experiment was performed to examine the responses of certain alcyonaceans to each other in competition for space a n d possi ...
Lonesome George: The legacy
... and hatchlings (e.g. rats, cats, pigs). Once some of these issues have been addressed at the ecosystem level, reintroduction has a much improved chance of success. In 2004, a programme to eradicate goats on Pinta Island was hugely successful, providing the first steps toward restoring the island to ...
... and hatchlings (e.g. rats, cats, pigs). Once some of these issues have been addressed at the ecosystem level, reintroduction has a much improved chance of success. In 2004, a programme to eradicate goats on Pinta Island was hugely successful, providing the first steps toward restoring the island to ...
Nevada Wildlife Action Plan - Nevada Department of Wildlife
... In addition, Nevada’s marshes are home to 56 breeding bird species, including 5,000-10,000 nesting pairs of White-faced Ibis (Earnst et al., 1998), 5,000+ pairs of American Avocets, 1,000+ pairs of Black-necked Stilts (Neel and Henry, 1997), and hundreds of pairs each of Great Blue Herons, Snowy Egr ...
... In addition, Nevada’s marshes are home to 56 breeding bird species, including 5,000-10,000 nesting pairs of White-faced Ibis (Earnst et al., 1998), 5,000+ pairs of American Avocets, 1,000+ pairs of Black-necked Stilts (Neel and Henry, 1997), and hundreds of pairs each of Great Blue Herons, Snowy Egr ...
Ant Species Identity has a Greater Effect than Fire on the Outcome of
... reproduction of the Cerrado shrub, Peixotoa tomentosa (Malpighiaceae). We took advantage of the occurrence of an unplanned fire as a natural experiment (sensu Diamond 1986) to determine the changing impact of fire over time, along with the impact of different ant species associated with P. tomentosa. ...
... reproduction of the Cerrado shrub, Peixotoa tomentosa (Malpighiaceae). We took advantage of the occurrence of an unplanned fire as a natural experiment (sensu Diamond 1986) to determine the changing impact of fire over time, along with the impact of different ant species associated with P. tomentosa. ...
biological resource analysis
... This biological resources analysis also provides mitigation measures for “potentially significant” and “significant” impacts that could occur to biological resources. Whenever possible, upon implementation, the prescribed mitigation measures would reduce impacts to levels considered less than signif ...
... This biological resources analysis also provides mitigation measures for “potentially significant” and “significant” impacts that could occur to biological resources. Whenever possible, upon implementation, the prescribed mitigation measures would reduce impacts to levels considered less than signif ...
Biological invasions: a field synopsis, systematic review, and
... invasive and some communities are invasible, as well as that addressing fundamental questions in ecology and evolution using the phenomenon of biological invasions (e.g., what determines species range limits or the number of species that can coexist in a community). Since the seminal book by Elton ( ...
... invasive and some communities are invasible, as well as that addressing fundamental questions in ecology and evolution using the phenomenon of biological invasions (e.g., what determines species range limits or the number of species that can coexist in a community). Since the seminal book by Elton ( ...
The Benefits of Marine Protected Areas
... environmental management was recognised as early as the mid 1970’s, mainly as a response to the destruction of coral for building purposes. The Coastal Environmental Management Plan (for the West Coast) was developed in 1984 with the objective of preventing the environmental degradation of coastal a ...
... environmental management was recognised as early as the mid 1970’s, mainly as a response to the destruction of coral for building purposes. The Coastal Environmental Management Plan (for the West Coast) was developed in 1984 with the objective of preventing the environmental degradation of coastal a ...
Evolution and the latitudinal diversity gradient
... 65 Ma), replacing diverse gymnosperm-dominated floras (Crane & Lidgard 1989). For trees, most temperate taxa, including such major temperate clades as the Fagales (birches, beeches, oaks), are embedded within ancestrally tropical groups, again suggesting that tropical lineages have had more time to ...
... 65 Ma), replacing diverse gymnosperm-dominated floras (Crane & Lidgard 1989). For trees, most temperate taxa, including such major temperate clades as the Fagales (birches, beeches, oaks), are embedded within ancestrally tropical groups, again suggesting that tropical lineages have had more time to ...
Environmental context determines multi-trophic effects of consumer species loss
... grazer loss, predator loss and with nutrient enrichment, with compensatory shifts in algal abundance driven by variation in responses of different algal species to different environmental conditions and the presence of different consumers. We identified and characterized several context-dependent me ...
... grazer loss, predator loss and with nutrient enrichment, with compensatory shifts in algal abundance driven by variation in responses of different algal species to different environmental conditions and the presence of different consumers. We identified and characterized several context-dependent me ...
Arctic Frontiers 2017 Call for Papers
... The polluter pays principle represents another approach. The idea is that activity that causes environmental harm should pay for the clean-up and perhaps more, so that the cost of pollution is internalized in the accounts of the activity in order to motivate for preventive measures. But are such rem ...
... The polluter pays principle represents another approach. The idea is that activity that causes environmental harm should pay for the clean-up and perhaps more, so that the cost of pollution is internalized in the accounts of the activity in order to motivate for preventive measures. But are such rem ...
Plant genetic variation mediates an indirect ecological effect
... plants, with soil organisms interacting via the roots and aboveground organisms via the shoots and leaves. Many studies now show that plant genetics can drive changes in the structure of both above and belowground communities; however, the role of plant genetic variation in mediating aboveground-bel ...
... plants, with soil organisms interacting via the roots and aboveground organisms via the shoots and leaves. Many studies now show that plant genetics can drive changes in the structure of both above and belowground communities; however, the role of plant genetic variation in mediating aboveground-bel ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.