Crossfertilizing aquatic and terrestrial research to understand
... and reproduction experienced by prey investing in antipredator behavior. These effects are increasingly recognized for their potential to influence prey populations, community organization, and ecosystem dynamics.14–19 This growth of interest in risk effects owes much to cross-fertilization between ...
... and reproduction experienced by prey investing in antipredator behavior. These effects are increasingly recognized for their potential to influence prey populations, community organization, and ecosystem dynamics.14–19 This growth of interest in risk effects owes much to cross-fertilization between ...
Appendix
... Main findings: Observers (up to 11) with various levels of experience recorded the lichen species present in the same plots. Inexperienced observers found many fewer species; trainees found 38-66% of the expert’s total. Indices determined from ordination analyses were relatively consistent across ob ...
... Main findings: Observers (up to 11) with various levels of experience recorded the lichen species present in the same plots. Inexperienced observers found many fewer species; trainees found 38-66% of the expert’s total. Indices determined from ordination analyses were relatively consistent across ob ...
PDF
... Odonates: Odonata population can be indicative of the richness of other invertebrates and macrophytes (Bried and Ervin, 2005). Odonates are characterized as an excellent habitat indicator of present and past (long term) environmental conditions in aquatic habitats (Watson et al., 1982; Steward and S ...
... Odonates: Odonata population can be indicative of the richness of other invertebrates and macrophytes (Bried and Ervin, 2005). Odonates are characterized as an excellent habitat indicator of present and past (long term) environmental conditions in aquatic habitats (Watson et al., 1982; Steward and S ...
TOPIC 2 - MARKING SCHEME - International School Bangkok
... greater productivity → more top carnivores in A/territory greater for top carnivores in A/smaller units in B cannot support as high biodiversity as A; gene flow between reserves easier in A/movement of species easier – top carnivores/can move between reserves in A; edge effect lower in A/perimeter : ...
... greater productivity → more top carnivores in A/territory greater for top carnivores in A/smaller units in B cannot support as high biodiversity as A; gene flow between reserves easier in A/movement of species easier – top carnivores/can move between reserves in A; edge effect lower in A/perimeter : ...
An experimental test of the effect of plant functional group diversity
... detect effects of individual plant functional groups. In addition to these ANCOVAs, we also used stepwise multiple regressions to test for the relationship between arthropod diversity and the measured plant characteristics (live aboveground biomass, species richness, and tissue N concentration) in o ...
... detect effects of individual plant functional groups. In addition to these ANCOVAs, we also used stepwise multiple regressions to test for the relationship between arthropod diversity and the measured plant characteristics (live aboveground biomass, species richness, and tissue N concentration) in o ...
Freese Scale for Grassland Biodiversity
... should be in place when biodiversity conservation is the primary goal for the land. The result is a scale that tracks the effects of different management decisions on ecological conditions, providing APR with a tool to assess our progress as we transition lands from a primary focus on livestock and ...
... should be in place when biodiversity conservation is the primary goal for the land. The result is a scale that tracks the effects of different management decisions on ecological conditions, providing APR with a tool to assess our progress as we transition lands from a primary focus on livestock and ...
Megafauna and ecosystem function from the
... they disrupt ecosystem structure by directly destroying woody vegetation and consuming large amounts of foliage (25). In trophic terms, megaherbivore populations are generally considered to be limited from the “bottom-up” by food availability, on and thereby exert strong “top-down” control on vegeta ...
... they disrupt ecosystem structure by directly destroying woody vegetation and consuming large amounts of foliage (25). In trophic terms, megaherbivore populations are generally considered to be limited from the “bottom-up” by food availability, on and thereby exert strong “top-down” control on vegeta ...
Species diversity: from global decreases to local increases
... slightly larger areas with respect to animals), diversity is expected to have changed in very different ways within anthropogenic environments versus native ecosystems that are more or less intact. Within anthropogenic environments, such as parking lots, housing developments and agricultural fields, ...
... slightly larger areas with respect to animals), diversity is expected to have changed in very different ways within anthropogenic environments versus native ecosystems that are more or less intact. Within anthropogenic environments, such as parking lots, housing developments and agricultural fields, ...
Body size distributions in North American freshwater fish: smallscale
... distributions become more symmetrical and bimodal in large ecosystems. In small lakes, body sizes are generally small and fish trophic levels low, but size and trophic level increase up to lake volumes of about 0.001 km3, and change little in larger lakes. Adding trophic level to the analysis greatly ...
... distributions become more symmetrical and bimodal in large ecosystems. In small lakes, body sizes are generally small and fish trophic levels low, but size and trophic level increase up to lake volumes of about 0.001 km3, and change little in larger lakes. Adding trophic level to the analysis greatly ...
Woodland Biodiversity - The Macaulay Land Use Research Institute
... services obtainable from this investment. The chapters presented here span a wide range of ecological levels from the autecology of single woodland species through to community diversity and processes of successional vegetation change, ecosystem function, large scale landscape and genetic variation ...
... services obtainable from this investment. The chapters presented here span a wide range of ecological levels from the autecology of single woodland species through to community diversity and processes of successional vegetation change, ecosystem function, large scale landscape and genetic variation ...
Table 1: Official conservation status of Brisbane`s stream
... As with most amphibian species, there is no clearly identifiable cause of decline of populations of stream-dwelling frogs, although several factors are implicated. It is well known, however, that amphibians are extremely susceptible to environmental changes due to their dependence on both terrestria ...
... As with most amphibian species, there is no clearly identifiable cause of decline of populations of stream-dwelling frogs, although several factors are implicated. It is well known, however, that amphibians are extremely susceptible to environmental changes due to their dependence on both terrestria ...
Using species distribution and occupancy modeling to guide survey
... features important for species occurrence. The focal species for our study was Ambystoma jeffersonianum, a threatened salamander in the state of Illinois, U.S.A. We found that fine-scale distribution models accurately discriminated occupied from unoccupied breeding ponds (78–91% accuracy), and survey ...
... features important for species occurrence. The focal species for our study was Ambystoma jeffersonianum, a threatened salamander in the state of Illinois, U.S.A. We found that fine-scale distribution models accurately discriminated occupied from unoccupied breeding ponds (78–91% accuracy), and survey ...
Topic:
... Creating questions • Look at what you’ve highlighted • What you have highlighted should be the answer to your question • We will do this together ...
... Creating questions • Look at what you’ve highlighted • What you have highlighted should be the answer to your question • We will do this together ...
From Populations to the Biosphere
... factors include a low food supply and lack of space. Limiting factors can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration. When organisms face limiting factors, they show logistic type of growth (S-curve). Competition for resources like food and space cause the growth rate to stop inc ...
... factors include a low food supply and lack of space. Limiting factors can lower birth rates, increase death rates, or lead to emigration. When organisms face limiting factors, they show logistic type of growth (S-curve). Competition for resources like food and space cause the growth rate to stop inc ...
Lessons from primary succession for restoration of severely
... Species Life Histories One important lesson from successional studies is that each species has a range of responses to the environment, depending on its life history stage (seed, seedling, juvenile, and reproductive adult) and whether the plant is colonizing, establishing, growing, or senescent (Gru ...
... Species Life Histories One important lesson from successional studies is that each species has a range of responses to the environment, depending on its life history stage (seed, seedling, juvenile, and reproductive adult) and whether the plant is colonizing, establishing, growing, or senescent (Gru ...
Using Biodiversity and Evenness Comparisons Among Plant
... equilibrium. In other words, an increase in species diversity increases the structural complexity of the ecosystem with increased competition and the availability of niche space (Kormondy 1969; South 1980, Ricklefs & Miller 2000). The intermediate disturbance hypothesis was developed when ecologists ...
... equilibrium. In other words, an increase in species diversity increases the structural complexity of the ecosystem with increased competition and the availability of niche space (Kormondy 1969; South 1980, Ricklefs & Miller 2000). The intermediate disturbance hypothesis was developed when ecologists ...
Traits underpinning desiccation resistance explain distribution
... here, we used terrestrial isopods as a model system to investigate whether desiccation resistance and the traits underpinning this resistance can explain species distribution patterns along moisture gradients. Terrestrial isopods are important members of detritivore communities, with more than 3,500 ...
... here, we used terrestrial isopods as a model system to investigate whether desiccation resistance and the traits underpinning this resistance can explain species distribution patterns along moisture gradients. Terrestrial isopods are important members of detritivore communities, with more than 3,500 ...
Appendix D: Report on the proposal for an ecological buffer zone at
... to protect woodland that are particularly relevant to the proposed SDZ and the impacts on Glen Druid. Whilst Corney’s principles are targeted at ancient woodland, they are equally applicable to mature mixed woodland such as that at Glen Druid. • The scale of woodland buffers should be tailored to i ...
... to protect woodland that are particularly relevant to the proposed SDZ and the impacts on Glen Druid. Whilst Corney’s principles are targeted at ancient woodland, they are equally applicable to mature mixed woodland such as that at Glen Druid. • The scale of woodland buffers should be tailored to i ...
Lessons from primary succession for restoration of severely
... Species Life Histories One important lesson from successional studies is that each species has a range of responses to the environment, depending on its life history stage (seed, seedling, juvenile, and reproductive adult) and whether the plant is colonizing, establishing, growing, or senescent (Gru ...
... Species Life Histories One important lesson from successional studies is that each species has a range of responses to the environment, depending on its life history stage (seed, seedling, juvenile, and reproductive adult) and whether the plant is colonizing, establishing, growing, or senescent (Gru ...
The Story of Forvie National Nature Reserve
... have dropped to the extent that during the early 2000s there were just over 10 pairs of common terns with correspondingly low numbers of fledged young. In the years since, numbers have fluctuated greatly and some years no birds have bred at all, while around 100 pairs nested in 2013. Arctic terns we ...
... have dropped to the extent that during the early 2000s there were just over 10 pairs of common terns with correspondingly low numbers of fledged young. In the years since, numbers have fluctuated greatly and some years no birds have bred at all, while around 100 pairs nested in 2013. Arctic terns we ...
Aquatic biomes
... Sunlight - Light intensity and quality affects photosynthesis. It is also important to development and behavior of organisms sensitive to photoperiod ...
... Sunlight - Light intensity and quality affects photosynthesis. It is also important to development and behavior of organisms sensitive to photoperiod ...
managing fisheries effects on marine food webs
... exhibit an indirect response to fishing, particularly those with the strongest interactions with the fished species (Paine, 1980; Yodzis, 1994, 2000, 2001). The effects of fishing on dependent or related species are only important if fishing might alter the strengths of interactions among species, i.e., ...
... exhibit an indirect response to fishing, particularly those with the strongest interactions with the fished species (Paine, 1980; Yodzis, 1994, 2000, 2001). The effects of fishing on dependent or related species are only important if fishing might alter the strengths of interactions among species, i.e., ...
Managing arboreal mammals during road
... impacts of the road. The outcomes of these translocations, however, have not been studied extensively and little is known about their conservation value, especially for threatened fauna. The construction of the Bunbury Outer Ring Road in Bunbury provided the opportunity to study the effects of this ...
... impacts of the road. The outcomes of these translocations, however, have not been studied extensively and little is known about their conservation value, especially for threatened fauna. The construction of the Bunbury Outer Ring Road in Bunbury provided the opportunity to study the effects of this ...
0213187 COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION PD 98-1128 01/10/02
... competition for limiting resources (i.e., that niche overlap is minimized). Put another way, do species from complementary guilds or functional groups have a better chance of persisting than those with strong overlap in resource use characteristics? Evidence for the role of complementarity among pla ...
... competition for limiting resources (i.e., that niche overlap is minimized). Put another way, do species from complementary guilds or functional groups have a better chance of persisting than those with strong overlap in resource use characteristics? Evidence for the role of complementarity among pla ...
Latitudinal gradients and geographic ranges of
... will exist, i.e. that richness and geographical range size of naturalized species will not vary in predictable ways across latitude. This would imply that idiosyncratic and/or stochastic processes were of principal importance in structuring the distribution of naturalized species. Second, patterns c ...
... will exist, i.e. that richness and geographical range size of naturalized species will not vary in predictable ways across latitude. This would imply that idiosyncratic and/or stochastic processes were of principal importance in structuring the distribution of naturalized species. Second, patterns c ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.