chapter 4: biotic resources - San Lorenzo Valley Water District
... Hermon June beetle (Polyphylla barbata) endemic to this area, both adapted to the unique conditions of the sandhills environment (McGraw, 2004). 4.1.2 The role of recent human disturbance ...
... Hermon June beetle (Polyphylla barbata) endemic to this area, both adapted to the unique conditions of the sandhills environment (McGraw, 2004). 4.1.2 The role of recent human disturbance ...
Northern Plains/Prairie Potholes Regional Shorebird Conservation
... hectares) and coniferous forest (0.96 million hectares). Wetland and grassland habitats are greatly influenced by the landforms in which they occur. One of the major North American migration routes for shorebirds, especially long-distance migrants, traverses the NP/PPR, where shorebirds make extensi ...
... hectares) and coniferous forest (0.96 million hectares). Wetland and grassland habitats are greatly influenced by the landforms in which they occur. One of the major North American migration routes for shorebirds, especially long-distance migrants, traverses the NP/PPR, where shorebirds make extensi ...
Differential response of ants to nutrient addition in a tropical Brown
... trophic linkage or bottom-up control (Oelbermann et al., 2008). Indeed, any increase in microbial activity leads to the destruction of the litter habitat as detritus is converted into microbial biomass and CO2 (Kaspari et al., 2008a; Kaspari and Yanoviak, 2009). This supports the Ecosystem Size Hypo ...
... trophic linkage or bottom-up control (Oelbermann et al., 2008). Indeed, any increase in microbial activity leads to the destruction of the litter habitat as detritus is converted into microbial biomass and CO2 (Kaspari et al., 2008a; Kaspari and Yanoviak, 2009). This supports the Ecosystem Size Hypo ...
Frequently Asked Questions About Ecological - CLU-IN
... The memorandum requires the use of regional native vegetation in landscaping when possible. Native vegetation prefers native (unfertilized) soils, and does not require soil amendments, such as fertilizer. Appropriate site and soil analyses should be performed during predesign stages of the project. ...
... The memorandum requires the use of regional native vegetation in landscaping when possible. Native vegetation prefers native (unfertilized) soils, and does not require soil amendments, such as fertilizer. Appropriate site and soil analyses should be performed during predesign stages of the project. ...
Macroecology of mangroves: large-scale patterns and processes in
... mangrove forests. These analyses also illustrate that the many processes that structure mangroves are similar to those that structure upland forests, and that general ecological theory is applicable to mangrove forests. Mangroves do not exist in isolation, but occur at the boundary between terrestri ...
... mangrove forests. These analyses also illustrate that the many processes that structure mangroves are similar to those that structure upland forests, and that general ecological theory is applicable to mangrove forests. Mangroves do not exist in isolation, but occur at the boundary between terrestri ...
Ungulates in western coniferous forests: habitat relationships
... relationships, population dynamics, and ecosystem processes Introduction ...
... relationships, population dynamics, and ecosystem processes Introduction ...
Trait-mediated assembly processes predict successional changes in
... community assembly remains a central challenge in ecology. Interspecific variation in ecological strategies is considered a major driver of community assembly and has been classified by Chesson (1) into relative fitness (i.e., per capita population growth rate) differences and stabilizing niche diff ...
... community assembly remains a central challenge in ecology. Interspecific variation in ecological strategies is considered a major driver of community assembly and has been classified by Chesson (1) into relative fitness (i.e., per capita population growth rate) differences and stabilizing niche diff ...
Inconsistent impacts of decomposer diversity on the stability of
... relationship are manifold. First, diverse communities host a variety of life strategies that can respond differently to environmental perturbations and thus ensure ecosystem stability (Tilman et al. 2006). For instance, the variable densities of species populations may add up to a relatively constan ...
... relationship are manifold. First, diverse communities host a variety of life strategies that can respond differently to environmental perturbations and thus ensure ecosystem stability (Tilman et al. 2006). For instance, the variable densities of species populations may add up to a relatively constan ...
Ecology of Vertebrate Animals in Relation to Chaparral Fire in the
... of the resident animal population. Vegetational associations. Although the shift in chaparral can changes were evaluated by strip transects, m2 be clearly seen on the ground records, change in quadrat studies, and direct photographic records. the cover of woody trees and larger shrubs is alThe prebu ...
... of the resident animal population. Vegetational associations. Although the shift in chaparral can changes were evaluated by strip transects, m2 be clearly seen on the ground records, change in quadrat studies, and direct photographic records. the cover of woody trees and larger shrubs is alThe prebu ...
redroot pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus L.
... Amaranthus retroflexus L. Synonyms: Amaranthus retroflexus var. salicifolius I. M. Johnston Other common names: careless weed, common amaranth, green amaranth, pigweed, pigweed amaranth, redroot amaranth, rough pigweed, wild-beet amaranth ...
... Amaranthus retroflexus L. Synonyms: Amaranthus retroflexus var. salicifolius I. M. Johnston Other common names: careless weed, common amaranth, green amaranth, pigweed, pigweed amaranth, redroot amaranth, rough pigweed, wild-beet amaranth ...
Community Ecology
... particular species reduces competition and increases diversity. – Predators that regulate competition and maintain community diversity are referred to as keystone predators. Introduction of exotic species into a new area may lead to unbridled competition and resultant reduction in biodiversity. Made ...
... particular species reduces competition and increases diversity. – Predators that regulate competition and maintain community diversity are referred to as keystone predators. Introduction of exotic species into a new area may lead to unbridled competition and resultant reduction in biodiversity. Made ...
Species Invasions Exceed Extinctions on Islands Worldwide: A
... marks a twofold linear increase from the values present on the line of equality in fig. 1B). This doubling in species richness is a consequence of two factors. First, as stated above, few natives have become extinct (fig. 1A). Second, the log numbers of extant natives are highly correlated with the ...
... marks a twofold linear increase from the values present on the line of equality in fig. 1B). This doubling in species richness is a consequence of two factors. First, as stated above, few natives have become extinct (fig. 1A). Second, the log numbers of extant natives are highly correlated with the ...
Impacts of wood ants (Formica aquilonia Yarr.) on the invertebrate
... the observed correlations are due to other confounding factors, such as non-random selection of nest site and trail location by the ants (Rosengren 1971, Laine & Niemelä 1989). In this paper, we investigate whether wood ants are a keystone species (for definition see Bond 1994) in the boreal forest fl ...
... the observed correlations are due to other confounding factors, such as non-random selection of nest site and trail location by the ants (Rosengren 1971, Laine & Niemelä 1989). In this paper, we investigate whether wood ants are a keystone species (for definition see Bond 1994) in the boreal forest fl ...
Divergent composition but similar function of soil food webs of
... primary producers and providers of resources to the soil food web, are of vital importance for the composition, structure, and functioning of soil communities. However, whether natural soil food webs that are completely open to immigration and emigration differ underneath individual plants remains u ...
... primary producers and providers of resources to the soil food web, are of vital importance for the composition, structure, and functioning of soil communities. However, whether natural soil food webs that are completely open to immigration and emigration differ underneath individual plants remains u ...
Experimental assessment of the effects of a Neotropical nocturnal piscivore
... Experiments to assess the role of prey behavior and habitat complexity on predator-prey fish interactions have a long history in ecology (Savino & Stein, 1982; Juanes et al., 2002), but most theories on this theme have been derived from diurnal predators, while nocturnal piscivores are less studied ...
... Experiments to assess the role of prey behavior and habitat complexity on predator-prey fish interactions have a long history in ecology (Savino & Stein, 1982; Juanes et al., 2002), but most theories on this theme have been derived from diurnal predators, while nocturnal piscivores are less studied ...
Landscape connectivity analysis for conservation
... (Awade et al.; Carranza et al.; Zozaya et al.), applications of spatial graphs to large-scale grid-based data on the distribution of habitat and environmental variables (Alagador et al.; Zozaya et al.), and applications of methods that evaluate the different roles of habitat patches in the landscape ...
... (Awade et al.; Carranza et al.; Zozaya et al.), applications of spatial graphs to large-scale grid-based data on the distribution of habitat and environmental variables (Alagador et al.; Zozaya et al.), and applications of methods that evaluate the different roles of habitat patches in the landscape ...
Lepidopteran Communities in Two Forest Ecosystems During the
... and negligible (⬍25%) during each of our lepidopteran sampling periods (see below). Defoliation was also quantiÞed in 1994 and 1995 using a portable PAR sensor (Sunßeck Ceptometer Model SF-80) (Decagon Devices, Inc., Pullman, WA) to estimate leaf area index (Pierce and Running 1988) in defoliated an ...
... and negligible (⬍25%) during each of our lepidopteran sampling periods (see below). Defoliation was also quantiÞed in 1994 and 1995 using a portable PAR sensor (Sunßeck Ceptometer Model SF-80) (Decagon Devices, Inc., Pullman, WA) to estimate leaf area index (Pierce and Running 1988) in defoliated an ...
Report_Civet Cat
... Worldwide: This species has been found in a wide range of habitats including evergreen and deciduous forest (primary and secondary), plantations and near humans, in habitats up to 2,400 m (Ratnam et al., 1995; Heydon and Bulloh, 1996; Duckworth 1997; Azlan, 2003; Heaney et al. 2004; Su Su, 2005; Wel ...
... Worldwide: This species has been found in a wide range of habitats including evergreen and deciduous forest (primary and secondary), plantations and near humans, in habitats up to 2,400 m (Ratnam et al., 1995; Heydon and Bulloh, 1996; Duckworth 1997; Azlan, 2003; Heaney et al. 2004; Su Su, 2005; Wel ...
Bitrophic interactions shape biodiversity in space
... Interaction Rules. Each species has a set of T independent trait values randomly drawn from the interval [0, 1] according to a uniform probability density function. These trait values determine the interaction strength between plants and animals. For each of the T traits, one of two interaction rule ...
... Interaction Rules. Each species has a set of T independent trait values randomly drawn from the interval [0, 1] according to a uniform probability density function. These trait values determine the interaction strength between plants and animals. For each of the T traits, one of two interaction rule ...
Ecotones and Ecological Gradients
... steepness of gradients exist [17]. Methods for measuring and characterizing ecotones depend on the data available (e.g., quantitative or qualitative, grid- or transect-based data), with one of the simplest approaches, proposed by Womble in 1951, being the quantification of the magnitude of the first ...
... steepness of gradients exist [17]. Methods for measuring and characterizing ecotones depend on the data available (e.g., quantitative or qualitative, grid- or transect-based data), with one of the simplest approaches, proposed by Womble in 1951, being the quantification of the magnitude of the first ...
Consumers Control Diversity and Functioning of a Natural Marine
... Background: Our understanding of the functional consequences of changes in biodiversity has been hampered by several limitations of previous work, including limited attention to trophic interactions, a focus on species richness rather than evenness, and the use of artificially assembled communities. ...
... Background: Our understanding of the functional consequences of changes in biodiversity has been hampered by several limitations of previous work, including limited attention to trophic interactions, a focus on species richness rather than evenness, and the use of artificially assembled communities. ...
biophysical overview of the laurentian channel
... mysids, and fish; the latter becoming increasingly important as redfish increase in size. Redfish are pelagic or bathypelagic feeders, feeding most actively at night when they rise off the bottom following the vertical migration of their prey. Atlantic cod consist of two stocks (3Ps and 3Pn4RS) whos ...
... mysids, and fish; the latter becoming increasingly important as redfish increase in size. Redfish are pelagic or bathypelagic feeders, feeding most actively at night when they rise off the bottom following the vertical migration of their prey. Atlantic cod consist of two stocks (3Ps and 3Pn4RS) whos ...
Ecological Succession
... Insects, small mammals and reptiles make their home here. If the soil has been disturbed, weeds are the first plants to grow. They secure the soil. Shrubs and bushes begin to grow. Other mammals, such as rabbits and birds, join the developing community. A climax community of trees can support a wide ...
... Insects, small mammals and reptiles make their home here. If the soil has been disturbed, weeds are the first plants to grow. They secure the soil. Shrubs and bushes begin to grow. Other mammals, such as rabbits and birds, join the developing community. A climax community of trees can support a wide ...
Chronic nitrogen deposition alters the structure and function of
... Abstract. During the next century, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is projected to more than double, potentially slowing litter decomposition by altering microbial community composition and function. If the flow of energy though detrital food webs is diminished by the slowing of decay under highe ...
... Abstract. During the next century, atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition is projected to more than double, potentially slowing litter decomposition by altering microbial community composition and function. If the flow of energy though detrital food webs is diminished by the slowing of decay under highe ...
Plants & Ecology Baltic Sea shores and climate change
... counterbalanced by climate induced rising sea levels which increase the problems with erosion in these areas. Shore meadows are species rich in plants and arthropods and can be found along the whole coastline. My studies will concern the complexity of shoreline ecosystems in the Baltic Sea area, esp ...
... counterbalanced by climate induced rising sea levels which increase the problems with erosion in these areas. Shore meadows are species rich in plants and arthropods and can be found along the whole coastline. My studies will concern the complexity of shoreline ecosystems in the Baltic Sea area, esp ...
Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project
The Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, originally called the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project is a large-scale ecological experiment looking at the effects of habitat fragmentation on tropical rainforest; it is one of the most expensive biology experiments ever run. The experiment, which was established in 1979 is located near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. The project is jointly managed by the Smithsonian Institution and INPA, the Brazilian Institute for Research in the Amazon.The project was initiated in 1979 by Thomas Lovejoy to investigate the SLOSS debate. Initially named the Minimum Critical Size of Ecosystems Project, the project created forest fragments of sizes 1 hectare (2 acres), 10 hectares (25 acres), and 100 hectares (247 acres). Data were collected prior to the creation of the fragments and studies of the effects of fragmentation now exceed 25 years.As of October 2010 562 publications and 143 graduate dissertations and theses had emerged from the project.