DNA technologies
... Restriction Endonucleases break the 3',5' phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides. Different enzymes break this bond on different sides of the bond. ...
... Restriction Endonucleases break the 3',5' phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides. Different enzymes break this bond on different sides of the bond. ...
What do we need DNA for?
... •A biotinylated oligo dT is added to guanidiniumtreated cells, and it anneals to the polyA tail of mRNAs •Biotin/streptavidin interactions permit isolation of the mRNA/oligo dT complexes ...
... •A biotinylated oligo dT is added to guanidiniumtreated cells, and it anneals to the polyA tail of mRNAs •Biotin/streptavidin interactions permit isolation of the mRNA/oligo dT complexes ...
Topic 2
... Diabetes in some individuals is due to destruction of cells in the pancreas that secrete the hormone insulin. It can be treated by injecting insulin into the blood. Porcine and bovine insulin, extracted from the pancreases of pigs and cattle, have both been widely used. Porcine insulin has only one ...
... Diabetes in some individuals is due to destruction of cells in the pancreas that secrete the hormone insulin. It can be treated by injecting insulin into the blood. Porcine and bovine insulin, extracted from the pancreases of pigs and cattle, have both been widely used. Porcine insulin has only one ...
Introduction to Molecular Pathology
... First Document on DNA published in Nature 25th April 1953 ...
... First Document on DNA published in Nature 25th April 1953 ...
brief talk
... “Building blocks of a biochemical CPU based on DNA transcription logic.” 3rd Workshop on Non-Silicon Computation (NSC-3), Munich, June 2004. Molecular Beacons: A Novel DNA Probe for Nucleic Acid and Protein ...
... “Building blocks of a biochemical CPU based on DNA transcription logic.” 3rd Workshop on Non-Silicon Computation (NSC-3), Munich, June 2004. Molecular Beacons: A Novel DNA Probe for Nucleic Acid and Protein ...
Lecture 35: Basics of DNA Cloning-I
... recognize short nucleotide sequences of about 4-8 bp known as restriction site and are usually palindromic in nature (Fig. 2). Most of the restriction enzymes used in molecular biology research are six base cutters. Restriction enzymes such as EcoR1, cuts the double stranded DNA at its recognition s ...
... recognize short nucleotide sequences of about 4-8 bp known as restriction site and are usually palindromic in nature (Fig. 2). Most of the restriction enzymes used in molecular biology research are six base cutters. Restriction enzymes such as EcoR1, cuts the double stranded DNA at its recognition s ...
genomic library
... • the left and right arms are essential for the phage replication cycle • the internal fragment is dispensable ...
... • the left and right arms are essential for the phage replication cycle • the internal fragment is dispensable ...
MCDB 1041 3/15/13 Working with DNA and Biotechnology Part I
... GLU that is only bound by transcription in the ...
... GLU that is only bound by transcription in the ...
PCR - Michigan State University
... DNA ploymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3’ end, one strand (referred to as the leading strand) of DNA is synthesized continuously and the other strand (referred to as the lagging strand) in synthesized in fragments (called Okazaki fragments) that are joined together by DNA ligase. ...
... DNA ploymerases can only add nucleotides to the 3’ end, one strand (referred to as the leading strand) of DNA is synthesized continuously and the other strand (referred to as the lagging strand) in synthesized in fragments (called Okazaki fragments) that are joined together by DNA ligase. ...
Lecture
... All nucleotides contain three components: 1. A nitrogen heterocyclic base 2. A pentose sugar 3. A phosphate residue ...
... All nucleotides contain three components: 1. A nitrogen heterocyclic base 2. A pentose sugar 3. A phosphate residue ...
DNA Replication
... and synthesis proceeds in a discontinuous manner on the lagging strand. The final replication product does not have any nicks because DNA ligase forms a covalent phosphodiester linkage between 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate groups. ...
... and synthesis proceeds in a discontinuous manner on the lagging strand. The final replication product does not have any nicks because DNA ligase forms a covalent phosphodiester linkage between 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate groups. ...
Transcription and translation ppt
... DNA Polymerase proof reads the complementary base pairing. Consequently mistakes are very infrequent occurring approx. once in every billion bases pairs ...
... DNA Polymerase proof reads the complementary base pairing. Consequently mistakes are very infrequent occurring approx. once in every billion bases pairs ...
DNATeachPrep
... located on chromosomes may affect proteins and may result in harmful, beneficial, or neutral effects to the structure and function of the organism." Specific Learning Goals DNA carries the genetic information in all types of living organisms. Each DNA molecule contains multiple genes. DNA consis ...
... located on chromosomes may affect proteins and may result in harmful, beneficial, or neutral effects to the structure and function of the organism." Specific Learning Goals DNA carries the genetic information in all types of living organisms. Each DNA molecule contains multiple genes. DNA consis ...
DNA Testing Applications for Mennonite Genealogists2
... • Y chromosome: found only in males and passed from father to son; only 26 million base pairs sequenced thus far out of about 60 million • Mitochondrial DNA: found in both males and females, but passed on only by the mother to her children; 16,569 base pairs in a circle • Autosomal DNA: 44 chromosom ...
... • Y chromosome: found only in males and passed from father to son; only 26 million base pairs sequenced thus far out of about 60 million • Mitochondrial DNA: found in both males and females, but passed on only by the mother to her children; 16,569 base pairs in a circle • Autosomal DNA: 44 chromosom ...
Flip Folder 6 KEY - Madison County Schools
... Enzyme that clips only a couple base pairs in front of helicase to prevent the DNA double helix from “kinking” or “twisting” too much in front of the replication fork. c. Single-strand binding proteins The 2 strands of a double helix bind together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. These bonds are ...
... Enzyme that clips only a couple base pairs in front of helicase to prevent the DNA double helix from “kinking” or “twisting” too much in front of the replication fork. c. Single-strand binding proteins The 2 strands of a double helix bind together by hydrogen bonds between the bases. These bonds are ...
Self-Organizing Bio-structures
... • Backbone carries charge (-e) on each nucleotide • Formation of an RNA structure requires cations ...
... • Backbone carries charge (-e) on each nucleotide • Formation of an RNA structure requires cations ...
Chapter 10 Information Transfer in Cells Information Transfer in Cells
... • Cyclic nucleotides are signal molecules and regulators of cellular metabolism and reproduction • ATP is central to energy metabolism ...
... • Cyclic nucleotides are signal molecules and regulators of cellular metabolism and reproduction • ATP is central to energy metabolism ...
Chapter 10
... • ribosomal RNA - the basis of structure and function of ribosomes • messenger RNA - carries the message for protein synthesis • transfer RNA - carries the amino acids for protein synthesis ...
... • ribosomal RNA - the basis of structure and function of ribosomes • messenger RNA - carries the message for protein synthesis • transfer RNA - carries the amino acids for protein synthesis ...
Individual nucleosomes are released by digestion of chromatin with
... genome and insulate genes between them from the effects of ...
... genome and insulate genes between them from the effects of ...
Nucleic Acids PPT
... Nucleic polymer Backbone sugar to PO4 bond new base added to sugar of previous base polymer grows in one direction N bases hang off the ...
... Nucleic polymer Backbone sugar to PO4 bond new base added to sugar of previous base polymer grows in one direction N bases hang off the ...
Mossbourne Community Academy A
... Complete the diagram to show the chromosomes in one cell that could be produced from the cell in Figure 2 as a result of meiosis. ...
... Complete the diagram to show the chromosomes in one cell that could be produced from the cell in Figure 2 as a result of meiosis. ...
Nucleic Acids and Chromatin
... picture and explain why the two grooves are different sizes (observe the positions of the N-glycosidic bonds in the A:T and C:G pairs shown in the figure below). You should also be able to identify the phosphates, sugars and bases. ...
... picture and explain why the two grooves are different sizes (observe the positions of the N-glycosidic bonds in the A:T and C:G pairs shown in the figure below). You should also be able to identify the phosphates, sugars and bases. ...
Direct measurement of electrical transport through DNA molecules
... considered as a series of 30 very tiny (,3 AÊ) quantum dots. Each of these dots has a large charging energy (.5 V), and their series addition would lead to an even larger overall charging energy. This would lead to a Coulomb blockade voltage gap that is again incompatible with the data. Larger quant ...
... considered as a series of 30 very tiny (,3 AÊ) quantum dots. Each of these dots has a large charging energy (.5 V), and their series addition would lead to an even larger overall charging energy. This would lead to a Coulomb blockade voltage gap that is again incompatible with the data. Larger quant ...
Chapter 4: DNA and Chromosomes
... Bacteria have single circular DNA chromosome Proteins pack DNA into compact structure Proteins associated w/ processes of transcription, repair, replication ...
... Bacteria have single circular DNA chromosome Proteins pack DNA into compact structure Proteins associated w/ processes of transcription, repair, replication ...
Chapter Eleven: Chromosome Structure and Transposable Elements
... Such a fly may be homozygous (female) or hemizygous (male) for an allele of the white-eye locus that contains a transposon insertion. The eye cells in these flies cannot make red pigment. During eye development, the transposon may spontaneously transpose out of the white-eye locus, restoring functio ...
... Such a fly may be homozygous (female) or hemizygous (male) for an allele of the white-eye locus that contains a transposon insertion. The eye cells in these flies cannot make red pigment. During eye development, the transposon may spontaneously transpose out of the white-eye locus, restoring functio ...
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (/diˌɒksiˌraɪbɵ.njuːˌkleɪ.ɨk ˈæsɪd/; DNA) is a molecule that carries most of the genetic instructions used in the development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses. DNA is a nucleic acid; alongside proteins and carbohydrates, nucleic acids compose the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Most DNA molecules consist of two biopolymer strands coiled around each other to form a double helix. The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogen-containing nucleobase—either cytosine (C), guanine (G), adenine (A), or thymine (T)—as well as a monosaccharide sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group. The nucleotides are joined to one another in a chain by covalent bonds between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next, resulting in an alternating sugar-phosphate backbone. According to base pairing rules (A with T, and C with G), hydrogen bonds bind the nitrogenous bases of the two separate polynucleotide strands to make double-stranded DNA. The total amount of related DNA base pairs on Earth is estimated at 5.0 x 1037, and weighs 50 billion tonnes. In comparison, the total mass of the biosphere has been estimated to be as much as 4 TtC (trillion tons of carbon).DNA stores biological information. The DNA backbone is resistant to cleavage, and both strands of the double-stranded structure store the same biological information. Biological information is replicated as the two strands are separated. A significant portion of DNA (more than 98% for humans) is non-coding, meaning that these sections do not serve as patterns for protein sequences.The two strands of DNA run in opposite directions to each other and are therefore anti-parallel. Attached to each sugar is one of four types of nucleobases (informally, bases). It is the sequence of these four nucleobases along the backbone that encodes biological information. Under the genetic code, RNA strands are translated to specify the sequence of amino acids within proteins. These RNA strands are initially created using DNA strands as a template in a process called transcription.Within cells, DNA is organized into long structures called chromosomes. During cell division these chromosomes are duplicated in the process of DNA replication, providing each cell its own complete set of chromosomes. Eukaryotic organisms (animals, plants, fungi, and protists) store most of their DNA inside the cell nucleus and some of their DNA in organelles, such as mitochondria or chloroplasts. In contrast, prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) store their DNA only in the cytoplasm. Within the chromosomes, chromatin proteins such as histones compact and organize DNA. These compact structures guide the interactions between DNA and other proteins, helping control which parts of the DNA are transcribed.First isolated by Friedrich Miescher in 1869 and with its molecular structure first identified by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, DNA is used by researchers as a molecular tool to explore physical laws and theories, such as the ergodic theorem and the theory of elasticity. The unique material properties of DNA have made it an attractive molecule for material scientists and engineers interested in micro- and nano-fabrication. Among notable advances in this field are DNA origami and DNA-based hybrid materials.The obsolete synonym ""desoxyribonucleic acid"" may occasionally be encountered, for example, in pre-1953 genetics.