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Glossary - Red Angus Association of America
... -- correlations between two traits that arise because some of the same genes affect both traits. When two traits (e.g., weaning and yearling weight) are positively and highly correlated to one another, successful selection for change in one trait will result in change in the same direction in the ot ...
... -- correlations between two traits that arise because some of the same genes affect both traits. When two traits (e.g., weaning and yearling weight) are positively and highly correlated to one another, successful selection for change in one trait will result in change in the same direction in the ot ...
Quantitative Genetics: Traits controlled my many loci Quantitative
... To increase milk yield, dairy farmers estimate the breeding value of bulls from the average dairy production of each bull’s daughters. When a particular bull is mated to several cows, his daughters produce an average of 100 liters of milk per day, in a herd with an average production of 75 liters. I ...
... To increase milk yield, dairy farmers estimate the breeding value of bulls from the average dairy production of each bull’s daughters. When a particular bull is mated to several cows, his daughters produce an average of 100 liters of milk per day, in a herd with an average production of 75 liters. I ...
Genetic Counseling and Breeding Management of
... Linebreeding on an individual may not reproduce an outbred ancestor. If an ancestor is outbred and generally heterozygous (Aa), increasing homozygosity will produce more AA and aa. The way to reproduce an outbred ancestor is to mate two individuals that mimic the appearance and pedigree of the ances ...
... Linebreeding on an individual may not reproduce an outbred ancestor. If an ancestor is outbred and generally heterozygous (Aa), increasing homozygosity will produce more AA and aa. The way to reproduce an outbred ancestor is to mate two individuals that mimic the appearance and pedigree of the ances ...
Mendel and Genetics
... MENDEL ASKED HIMSELF……..”HOW DID THE RECESSIVE SHORT PLANTS REAPPEAR IN THE F2 GENERATION?” ...
... MENDEL ASKED HIMSELF……..”HOW DID THE RECESSIVE SHORT PLANTS REAPPEAR IN THE F2 GENERATION?” ...
Gregor Mendel
... •After several years of experiments I spent most of 1865 writing up my results. My paper was published in the official journal Proceedings that accompanied a series of lectures given at the Brunn society. In 1866 I had to present my findings. •Several people seemed interested in my work but no-one ...
... •After several years of experiments I spent most of 1865 writing up my results. My paper was published in the official journal Proceedings that accompanied a series of lectures given at the Brunn society. In 1866 I had to present my findings. •Several people seemed interested in my work but no-one ...
The Farm-Fox Experiment
... breeds. They searched for signatures of domestication by looking for sequences that showed the greatest differences between dogs and wolves, or for sequences that were consistent across dog breeds but varied in wolves. Why are these researchers taking this approach? What are they expecting to find? ...
... breeds. They searched for signatures of domestication by looking for sequences that showed the greatest differences between dogs and wolves, or for sequences that were consistent across dog breeds but varied in wolves. Why are these researchers taking this approach? What are they expecting to find? ...
Partnership
... Development and understanding of new concepts in plant genetics and their repercussions for plant breeding. Meiotic divisions drive chromosome recombination and segregation, and are therefore the core mechanism of genetics. In their turn, the „rules‟ in plant genetics are the steering force for plan ...
... Development and understanding of new concepts in plant genetics and their repercussions for plant breeding. Meiotic divisions drive chromosome recombination and segregation, and are therefore the core mechanism of genetics. In their turn, the „rules‟ in plant genetics are the steering force for plan ...
Natural selection student guides
... Part IV: From One Species to Another As you have learned, natural selection is a process that drives certain alleles to higher or lower frequencies within a population of organisms. If a population is divided, and the subpopulations remain isolated for a long period of time, then natural selection m ...
... Part IV: From One Species to Another As you have learned, natural selection is a process that drives certain alleles to higher or lower frequencies within a population of organisms. If a population is divided, and the subpopulations remain isolated for a long period of time, then natural selection m ...
Molecular marker-assisted selection for resistance to pathogens in tomato
... Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is considered as one of the most widely grown vegetable crop in the world. It is used as a fresh vegetable and can also be processed and canned as a paste, juice sauce, powder or as a whole. World volume has increased approximately 10% since 1985, reflecting a ...
... Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is considered as one of the most widely grown vegetable crop in the world. It is used as a fresh vegetable and can also be processed and canned as a paste, juice sauce, powder or as a whole. World volume has increased approximately 10% since 1985, reflecting a ...
MAGIC Rice: production, characterization, and its use in breeding
... QTL detection and coarse mapping, while those derived from later generations will only detect marker-trait associations if markers are located very close to the QTL. The goal of this project is to develop two MAGIC populations of at least 2,000 inbred lines in rice, Oryza sativa L., one each for i ...
... QTL detection and coarse mapping, while those derived from later generations will only detect marker-trait associations if markers are located very close to the QTL. The goal of this project is to develop two MAGIC populations of at least 2,000 inbred lines in rice, Oryza sativa L., one each for i ...
Peas in a Pod: Expression of Undesirable Genes in Ferrets
... Case in point. Last year I heard from a person to whom I had sold a breeding jill. The jill had developed a cyst near the opening of her uterus when she had started her first estrus cycle. I had seen this condition previously only once— 7 months before in a jill that had been born in the same year a ...
... Case in point. Last year I heard from a person to whom I had sold a breeding jill. The jill had developed a cyst near the opening of her uterus when she had started her first estrus cycle. I had seen this condition previously only once— 7 months before in a jill that had been born in the same year a ...
BY Prerak Trivedi Vishal Shah Pankti Shah Sneha Shinde
... • Genetic manipulation to create new population of strings ...
... • Genetic manipulation to create new population of strings ...
Plant Breeding for the Home Gardener - The Keep
... generation) can produce seed (F2 or second filial generation) with various combinations for each trait. These combinations can be observed when seeds are collected from an Fl hybrid and planted. In the above example, a gardener planting F2 seed would observe both red and orange-fleshed tomatoes. Exa ...
... generation) can produce seed (F2 or second filial generation) with various combinations for each trait. These combinations can be observed when seeds are collected from an Fl hybrid and planted. In the above example, a gardener planting F2 seed would observe both red and orange-fleshed tomatoes. Exa ...
Pedigree Genotyping - Wageningen UR E
... as studies with real phenotypic data are used to show the efficiency of Pedigree Genotyping in particular cases. For example, Bink et al. (2002) employed the IBD approach in the diploid potato to identify QTLs and linked molecular markers using six genetically related crosses. To date, no data are a ...
... as studies with real phenotypic data are used to show the efficiency of Pedigree Genotyping in particular cases. For example, Bink et al. (2002) employed the IBD approach in the diploid potato to identify QTLs and linked molecular markers using six genetically related crosses. To date, no data are a ...
breeding salmon for resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis
... Roslin Institute demonstrated that host resistance is a heritable trait and that observed genetic differences are almost entirely due to variation in a single quantitative trait locus (QTL) of the salmon genome. The large effect of the QTL on resistance was consistent in seawater cages and in contro ...
... Roslin Institute demonstrated that host resistance is a heritable trait and that observed genetic differences are almost entirely due to variation in a single quantitative trait locus (QTL) of the salmon genome. The large effect of the QTL on resistance was consistent in seawater cages and in contro ...
breeding salmon for resistance to infectious pancreatic necrosis
... Roslin Institute demonstrated that host resistance is a heritable trait and that observed genetic differences are almost entirely due to variation in a single quantitative trait locus (QTL) of the salmon genome. The large effect of the QTL on resistance was consistent in seawater cages and in contro ...
... Roslin Institute demonstrated that host resistance is a heritable trait and that observed genetic differences are almost entirely due to variation in a single quantitative trait locus (QTL) of the salmon genome. The large effect of the QTL on resistance was consistent in seawater cages and in contro ...
Document
... population near carrying capacity • slow development • delayed maturity • large adult size • low reproductive rate • high parental investment/offspring • low mortality • long life • low dispersal • Fast (r-species) = in disturbed habitats population can grow rapidly • opposite traits ...
... population near carrying capacity • slow development • delayed maturity • large adult size • low reproductive rate • high parental investment/offspring • low mortality • long life • low dispersal • Fast (r-species) = in disturbed habitats population can grow rapidly • opposite traits ...
Mendel`s Peas
... •Each parent contributes one factor of each trait to the offspring. •The blending theory of inheritance was discounted. Traits are not mixed or combined. •Males and females contribute equally to the traits in their offspring. •Acquired traits are not inherited. ...
... •Each parent contributes one factor of each trait to the offspring. •The blending theory of inheritance was discounted. Traits are not mixed or combined. •Males and females contribute equally to the traits in their offspring. •Acquired traits are not inherited. ...
Part III Plant Breeding Terms
... B) to produce what we can call “AB” seedlings in shorthand. This is what I believe most of us do with our hostas even if the plants/flowers are not tagged and works to produce many fine plants. Additionally, we often let the new plants be Open Pollinated which is a good strategy when working with a ...
... B) to produce what we can call “AB” seedlings in shorthand. This is what I believe most of us do with our hostas even if the plants/flowers are not tagged and works to produce many fine plants. Additionally, we often let the new plants be Open Pollinated which is a good strategy when working with a ...
TYPES OF NATUR TYPES OF NATURAL SELECTION
... selection operates in stable environmental conditions and in a short span of time, when species living in a particular environmental conditions are perfectly adapted to live in it. Thus individuals with extreme characters will be at a disadvantage as compared to the individuals having average charac ...
... selection operates in stable environmental conditions and in a short span of time, when species living in a particular environmental conditions are perfectly adapted to live in it. Thus individuals with extreme characters will be at a disadvantage as compared to the individuals having average charac ...
Natural selection
... the composition of a gene pool increases the probability favorable alleles will come together in the same individual. ...
... the composition of a gene pool increases the probability favorable alleles will come together in the same individual. ...
Congenital Defects in Reindeer
... High rates of female breeding success and offspring survival are the two major factors in productivity of any commercial livestock industry. To improve breeding success and offspring survival, the herd manager will establish selection criteria and choose which males and females will breed. Thegeneti ...
... High rates of female breeding success and offspring survival are the two major factors in productivity of any commercial livestock industry. To improve breeding success and offspring survival, the herd manager will establish selection criteria and choose which males and females will breed. Thegeneti ...
Lecture 2 The genetic Model for Quantitative Traits
... The slope of the regression line is an estimate of the narrow-sense heritability for traits with a heritability of 0.2 (a) and 0.8 (b) and phenotypic variance of 1. The variances of the observations about the regression line are 0.98 (a) and 0.68 (b), demonstrating that the average phenotypic value ...
... The slope of the regression line is an estimate of the narrow-sense heritability for traits with a heritability of 0.2 (a) and 0.8 (b) and phenotypic variance of 1. The variances of the observations about the regression line are 0.98 (a) and 0.68 (b), demonstrating that the average phenotypic value ...
Evolution 2
... similar and whose members are capable of producing fertile offspring in the natural ...
... similar and whose members are capable of producing fertile offspring in the natural ...
MAX-BAX - Charles River Laboratories
... genotyping assays (Figure 1). Results yield a defined analysis of the genome in question, and a preferred breeding rank is determined for all test individuals. The entire genome is analyzed at each generation, which may make unexpected genetic variation or breeding errors easier to detect. The 384 m ...
... genotyping assays (Figure 1). Results yield a defined analysis of the genome in question, and a preferred breeding rank is determined for all test individuals. The entire genome is analyzed at each generation, which may make unexpected genetic variation or breeding errors easier to detect. The 384 m ...
Selective breeding
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sectio_caesarea.jpg?width=300)
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together. Domesticated animals are known as breeds, normally bred by a professional breeder, while plants are known as varieties, cultigens, or cultivars in plants. Two purebred animals of different breeds produce a crossbreed, and crossbred plants are called hybrids.There are two approaches or types of artificial selection, or selective breeding. First is the traditional ""breeder’s approach"" in which the breeder or experimenter applies ""a known amount of selection to a single phenotypic trait"" by examining the chosen trait and choosing to breed only those that exhibit higher or ""extreme values"" of that trait. The second is called ""controlled natural selection,"" which is essentially natural selection in a controlled environment. In this, the breeder does not choose which individuals being tested ""survive or reproduce,"" as he or she could in the traditional approach. There are also ""selection experiments,"" which is a third approach and these are conducted in order to determine the ""strength of natural selection in the wild."" However, this is more often an observational approach as opposed to an experimental approach. In animal breeding, techniques such as inbreeding, linebreeding, and outcrossing are utilized. In plant breeding, similar methods are used. Charles Darwin discussed how selective breeding had been successful in producing change over time in his book, On the Origin of Species. The first chapter of the book discusses selective breeding and domestication of such animals as pigeons, cats, cattle, and dogs. Selective breeding was used by Darwin as a springboard to introduce the theory of natural selection, and to support it.The deliberate exploitation of selective breeding to produce desired results has become very common in agriculture and experimental biology.Selective breeding can be unintentional, e.g., resulting from the process of human cultivation; and it may also produce unintended – desirable or undesirable – results. For example, in some grains, an increase in seed size may have resulted from certain ploughing practices rather than from the intentional selection of larger seeds. Most likely, there has been an interdependence between natural and artificial factors that have resulted in plant domestication.