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PLANTS
PLANTS

... Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward from the roots Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem copyright cmassengale ...
Gymnosperm fossils
Gymnosperm fossils

... • The ovules are barrel shapedwith single stout integument.The ovules are covered with protective covering called the cupule.These cupules bear capitate glands.The ovule is Orthotropous and consists of well developed nucellus .The nucellus apex has a hollow pollen chamber(Lagenostome). • The pollen ...
Introduction to Plants PPT
Introduction to Plants PPT

... Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward from the roots Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem copyright cmassengale ...
Introduction to Plants
Introduction to Plants

... Xylem tissue carries water and minerals upward from the roots Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem copyright cmassengale ...
O A
O A

... and transfer factor indicated that M.sativa plants is not the suitable candidate plant for phytoremediation of Pb. Heavy Metal Stress induces oxidative stress and ROS production in plants, ROS are known to damage cellular membranes by inducing lipid peroxidation. They also can damage DNA , proteins, ...
Scott Foresman Science
Scott Foresman Science

... Some plants have roots that are near the top of the ground. These plants need to take in rain. Other plants have deep roots that get water from under the ground. Desert plants find many ways to store water. Some plants use spines to keep the water in. Some desert plants can grow very big and very ol ...
Good and Bad Shade and Plants That Grow There
Good and Bad Shade and Plants That Grow There

... have some shade. There are lovely plants that like the sun but also many that grow well in the shade here in central Florida. What are some of these plants? Before we look at some of those plants we need to define what we mean by shade. Professionals normally give shade as a percentage, for example ...
Catnip - Herb Herbert
Catnip - Herb Herbert

... The catnip, Nepeta cataria, is a medicinal herb with little merit as a garden plant. It owes its name to its stimulant effect on cats, which eat and roll in the plant with obvious pleasure. The leaves contain a chemical known as neptalactone which gives the plant it’s ‘narcotic’ effect on cats. ...
Plant organ lab book-2014
Plant organ lab book-2014

... 4. The outermost layer of cells: _________________________ 5. The waxy covering of the leaf.: _______________________ 6. These cells function to open and close stomata. _____________________ 7. Outer layer of the vein: ________________________ 8. Column like cells that lie just under the epidermis. ...
38_LectureOutline_LO
38_LectureOutline_LO

... Normally nonreproductive tissues surrounding the embryo have prevented researchers from visualizing fertilization in plants, but recently, scientists have been able to isolate sperm cells and eggs and observe fertilization in vitro.  The first cellular event after gamete fusion is an increase in cy ...
PLANTS
PLANTS

... minerals upward from the roots Phloem tissue carries sugars made by photosynthesis from the leaves to where they will be stored or used Sap is the fluid carried inside the xylem or phloem copyright cmassengale ...
The World Of Insectivorous Plants
The World Of Insectivorous Plants

... insectivorous plants. He recorded his findings and experiments in a book entitled “Insectivorous Plants”, in 1875. One of his interesting findings was how the hair-trigger speed of the Venus Flytrap’s snap shutting itself in just one-tenth of a second, close to the muscle contraction of animals. Thi ...
Lesson Plan
Lesson Plan

... quantities of light and water, a range of temperatures, and soil composition. (6.5.e) ...
The Planter`s Palette Plant Information Page
The Planter`s Palette Plant Information Page

... Variegated Gaultheria will grow to be about 3 feet tall at maturity, with a spread of 3 feet. It tends to fill out right to the ground and therefore doesn't necessarily require facer plants in front. It grows at a medium rate, and under ideal conditions can be expected to live for approximately 10 y ...
16. transmission of stimulus - theories of flowering.
16. transmission of stimulus - theories of flowering.

... 1. Vernalization shortens the vegetative period of the plant 2. It increases cold resistance of the plants 3. Vernalization increases the resistance of plants to fungal diseases. 4. It is a physiological process that substitutes or compensates the effect of thermo phase. 5. In biennials, vernalisati ...
Section 21.1 Summary – pages 559
Section 21.1 Summary – pages 559

... • Green algae and plants have cell walls that contain cellulose. • Both groups have the same types of chlorophyll used in photosynthesis and store food in the form of starch. ...
Shrub Honeysuckles
Shrub Honeysuckles

... yellow to pink to red. The berries are small and red or yellow. ...
Ulex europaeus
Ulex europaeus

... other plants. Gorse also ‘fixes’ atmospheric nitrogen, creating soil conditions that favour other non-native species. The soil is often bare between gorse plants, which could increase erosion on slopes that were once covered with native grasses and forbs. The high oil content of gorse creates a risk ...
Instructions for the Plants II lab
Instructions for the Plants II lab

... found only in angiosperms: flowers, fruit & endosperm. This suite of characters represents a key innovation. Flowering plants have undergone an explosive radiation resulting in ~ 250,000 species! Refer to the figure on the right to identify flower parts. Pollen is produced in the anthers. When a pol ...
Urban Weed Management - - Marion Soil and Water
Urban Weed Management - - Marion Soil and Water

... Out-compete other plants for water, nutrients, and sun Costly and difficult to control Loss of wildlife and fish habitat; yard space Some are toxic to people and animals Decrease property value Increase erosion Can take over recreational areas Minimize land uses Spread rapidly ...
Plant Systematics and Evolution
Plant Systematics and Evolution

... approximately 500 species of plants into herbs, undershrubs, shrubs, and trees. Because his influence extended through the Middle Ages, he is regarded as the Father of Botany. Two Roman naturalists who also had long-lasting impacts on plant taxonomy were Pliny the Elder (A.D. 23–79) and Dioscorides ...
African rue
African rue

... Overview: African rue is a bushy perennial native to the desert areas of northern Africa and southern Asia.2 Hulled seed produce a red dye used in Middle Eastern countries. It develops an extensive root system consisting of both a main tap root and laterally spreading roots.2 African rue reproduces ...
www.WestonNurseries.com Stained Glass Hosta
www.WestonNurseries.com Stained Glass Hosta

... Stained Glass Hosta will grow to be about 10 inches tall at maturity extending to 18 inches tall with the flowers, with a spread of 3 feet. When grown in masses or used as a bedding plant, individual plants should be spaced approximately 30 inches apart. Its foliage tends to remain low and dense rig ...
Dalmatian toadflax
Dalmatian toadflax

... 22 states in the U.S. and 3 Canadian provinces. This species is reported from states shaded on Plants Database map and invasive in AZ, ID, UT, and WA. Ecological Impacts: Dalmatian toadflax is capable of forming colonies through adventitious buds from creeping root systems. It can rapidly colonize d ...
2. THE ROOT
2. THE ROOT

... into two equal and similar halves . E.g., Mustard , Brinjal . 2 Zygomorphic : these flowers can be 2.Zygomorphic divided into two equal halves by only one vertical division . E.g., Pea , Ocimum ...
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History of botany



The history of botany examines the human effort to understand life on Earth by tracing the historical development of the discipline of botany—that part of natural science dealing with organisms traditionally treated as plants.Rudimentary botanical science began with empirically-based plant lore passed from generation to generation in the oral traditions of paleolithic hunter-gatherers. The first written records of plants were made in the Neolithic Revolution about 10,000 years ago as writing was developed in the settled agricultural communities where plants and animals were first domesticated. The first writings that show human curiosity about plants themselves, rather than the uses that could be made of them, appears in the teachings of Aristotle's student Theophrastus at the Lyceum in ancient Athens in about 350 BC; this is considered the starting point for modern botany. In Europe, this early botanical science was soon overshadowed by a medieval preoccupation with the medicinal properties of plants that lasted more than 1000 years. During this time, the medicinal works of classical antiquity were reproduced in manuscripts and books called herbals. In China and the Arab world, the Greco-Roman work on medicinal plants was preserved and extended.In Europe the Renaissance of the 14th–17th centuries heralded a scientific revival during which botany gradually emerged from natural history as an independent science, distinct from medicine and agriculture. Herbals were replaced by floras: books that described the native plants of local regions. The invention of the microscope stimulated the study of plant anatomy, and the first carefully designed experiments in plant physiology were performed. With the expansion of trade and exploration beyond Europe, the many new plants being discovered were subjected to an increasingly rigorous process of naming, description, and classification.Progressively more sophisticated scientific technology has aided the development of contemporary botanical offshoots in the plant sciences, ranging from the applied fields of economic botany (notably agriculture, horticulture and forestry), to the detailed examination of the structure and function of plants and their interaction with the environment over many scales from the large-scale global significance of vegetation and plant communities (biogeography and ecology) through to the small scale of subjects like cell theory, molecular biology and plant biochemistry.
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