Serum carnitine concentrations in patients with
... (HNCM), seven with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), and 13 with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (APH). Twelve patients had a family history of HCM. The diagnosis of HCM was based on clinical findings, i.e. echocardiographic demonstration of a hypertrophied, non-dilated left ventric ...
... (HNCM), seven with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), and 13 with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (APH). Twelve patients had a family history of HCM. The diagnosis of HCM was based on clinical findings, i.e. echocardiographic demonstration of a hypertrophied, non-dilated left ventric ...
Left Septal Fascicular Block
... Following Rosenbaum´s school (1), it was believed that the intraventricular conduction system had three terminal divisions: right bundle branch (RBBB), left anterior fascicle (LAF) and left posterior fascicle (LPF). According this trifascicular theory of ventricular activation the RBB represents on ...
... Following Rosenbaum´s school (1), it was believed that the intraventricular conduction system had three terminal divisions: right bundle branch (RBBB), left anterior fascicle (LAF) and left posterior fascicle (LPF). According this trifascicular theory of ventricular activation the RBB represents on ...
Defibrillators - Samuel D Hodge Jr
... sticky pads embedded with sensors to the victim’s chest.42 The pads are placed in predetermined positions; one is attached above the right nipple and the other is located below the left nipple and to the side of the rib cage.43 These sensors will automatically transmit vital information to the unit ...
... sticky pads embedded with sensors to the victim’s chest.42 The pads are placed in predetermined positions; one is attached above the right nipple and the other is located below the left nipple and to the side of the rib cage.43 These sensors will automatically transmit vital information to the unit ...
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: coming to an ICU near you
... recently27 as a result of the development of compact and efficient PMP membrane oxygenators, smaller and less blooddamaging centrifugal pumps, heparin-coated circuits enabling minimal systemic heparinisation and peripheral access cannulae designed for rapid percutaneous insertion. These devices have ...
... recently27 as a result of the development of compact and efficient PMP membrane oxygenators, smaller and less blooddamaging centrifugal pumps, heparin-coated circuits enabling minimal systemic heparinisation and peripheral access cannulae designed for rapid percutaneous insertion. These devices have ...
How Harmful is Conventional Right Ventricular Apical Pacing
... is also associated with increased overall mortality and higher risk of sudden death [21]. Interventricular conduction disturbances are common in HF patients, mainly as QRS >150 ms (mean 27%), while worsening of HF is associated with QRS complex widening. Increased 1-year mortality with presence of c ...
... is also associated with increased overall mortality and higher risk of sudden death [21]. Interventricular conduction disturbances are common in HF patients, mainly as QRS >150 ms (mean 27%), while worsening of HF is associated with QRS complex widening. Increased 1-year mortality with presence of c ...
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: REVIEW AND
... after TAVI, and are not based on elderly patients (75 years and older).37 Geriatric syndromes (falling, dementia, malnutrition), together with frailty, which are frequently seen in elderly patients and remain an important preoperative risk factor, are not included in these surgical risk scores, alth ...
... after TAVI, and are not based on elderly patients (75 years and older).37 Geriatric syndromes (falling, dementia, malnutrition), together with frailty, which are frequently seen in elderly patients and remain an important preoperative risk factor, are not included in these surgical risk scores, alth ...
Basic Concepts of Diastolic Function
... perioperative transesophageal echocardiographic examination. Diastolic dysfunction occurs when the left atrium (LA) is unable to fill the LV at normal LA pressures due to impaired relaxation, impaired compliance, or both. Epidemiologic studies suggest 50% of cases with heart failure have preserved s ...
... perioperative transesophageal echocardiographic examination. Diastolic dysfunction occurs when the left atrium (LA) is unable to fill the LV at normal LA pressures due to impaired relaxation, impaired compliance, or both. Epidemiologic studies suggest 50% of cases with heart failure have preserved s ...
Pulmonary Hypertension in Mitral Regurgitation
... three separate phases based on the clinical and hemodynamic profile.13 During the initial compensated phase, the left ventricle undergoes eccentric hypertrophy as a result of volume overload and develops into a large compliant chamber capable of producing a larger total stroke volume. The left atrium ...
... three separate phases based on the clinical and hemodynamic profile.13 During the initial compensated phase, the left ventricle undergoes eccentric hypertrophy as a result of volume overload and develops into a large compliant chamber capable of producing a larger total stroke volume. The left atrium ...
American College of Cardiology/ European Society of Cardiology
... factors. Therefore, treatment strategies have necessarily evolved based on available data that have frequently been observational in design, sometimes obtained in relatively small patient groups, or derived from the accumulated clinical experience of individual investigators, and reasonable inferenc ...
... factors. Therefore, treatment strategies have necessarily evolved based on available data that have frequently been observational in design, sometimes obtained in relatively small patient groups, or derived from the accumulated clinical experience of individual investigators, and reasonable inferenc ...
Chronic Atrial Fibrillation - American Academy of Family Physicians
... developing atrial fibrillation in men and women 55 years and older was 24 percent and 22 percent, respectively. The Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly project reported that the baseline prevalence of atrial fibrillation in persons older than 65 years was 7.2 percent, with a higher prev ...
... developing atrial fibrillation in men and women 55 years and older was 24 percent and 22 percent, respectively. The Screening for Atrial Fibrillation in the Elderly project reported that the baseline prevalence of atrial fibrillation in persons older than 65 years was 7.2 percent, with a higher prev ...
Prevention of atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery: Basis for a
... established. In addition, vitamin C was reported to attenuate electrical remodelling to decrease the incidence of POAF (Carnes et al., 2001), although these data could not be reproduced by other authors (Shiroshita-Takeshita et al., 2004). Recently, a well documented overview of preventive strategie ...
... established. In addition, vitamin C was reported to attenuate electrical remodelling to decrease the incidence of POAF (Carnes et al., 2001), although these data could not be reproduced by other authors (Shiroshita-Takeshita et al., 2004). Recently, a well documented overview of preventive strategie ...
Looking at the second heart sound: A multi
... In the ears of an experienced physician, a stethoscope yields important clinical information which can help an initial assessment of a patient’s clinical condition and guide the subsequent need for more specialized exams. This is particularly true in chest Medicine, i.e. Cardiology and Pneumology, w ...
... In the ears of an experienced physician, a stethoscope yields important clinical information which can help an initial assessment of a patient’s clinical condition and guide the subsequent need for more specialized exams. This is particularly true in chest Medicine, i.e. Cardiology and Pneumology, w ...
Clinical Utility of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in
... that of sarcomeric HCM but which have different treatment strategies. These diseases are due to mutations in encoding the g2 regulatory subunit of adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase (PRKAG2), lysosome associated membrane protein (LAMP2) and the recessive disorder Fabry disease caused by ...
... that of sarcomeric HCM but which have different treatment strategies. These diseases are due to mutations in encoding the g2 regulatory subunit of adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase (PRKAG2), lysosome associated membrane protein (LAMP2) and the recessive disorder Fabry disease caused by ...
Fundamentals of Electrocardiography Part I
... – In some precordial leads, ST segment may be normally elevated by as much as 2 to 3 mm – In the left precordial leads, ST segment elevation is not normally greater than 1 ...
... – In some precordial leads, ST segment may be normally elevated by as much as 2 to 3 mm – In the left precordial leads, ST segment elevation is not normally greater than 1 ...
a finite element model of the human left ventricular systole, taking
... The heart fulfils a vital role in the human body. It pumps blood, thereby delivering oxygen and nutrients to the body and removing waste products. It is constantly adjusting and adapting its activity to meet the body’s needs regardless whether we are sleeping or engaging in physical activities. It w ...
... The heart fulfils a vital role in the human body. It pumps blood, thereby delivering oxygen and nutrients to the body and removing waste products. It is constantly adjusting and adapting its activity to meet the body’s needs regardless whether we are sleeping or engaging in physical activities. It w ...
Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting
... IIb: usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion; class III = evidence or general agreement that the treatment is not useful/effective and in some cases may be harmful. The strength of evidence will be ranked according to three levels: level A, data derived from at least two ran ...
... IIb: usefulness/efficacy is less well established by evidence/opinion; class III = evidence or general agreement that the treatment is not useful/effective and in some cases may be harmful. The strength of evidence will be ranked according to three levels: level A, data derived from at least two ran ...
Echocardiographic Measurement of Right Ventricular Wall Thickness
... endocardium and the effusion fluid separated the epicardium from the pericardium throughout the whole cardiac phase. The epicardium was visualized as a smooth echo in figure 7A although it appeared as rough, multiple echoes in some places in figure 7B. This is possibly due to the attachment of infla ...
... endocardium and the effusion fluid separated the epicardium from the pericardium throughout the whole cardiac phase. The epicardium was visualized as a smooth echo in figure 7A although it appeared as rough, multiple echoes in some places in figure 7B. This is possibly due to the attachment of infla ...
Assessing Symptom Burden and Health-Related Quality of Life
... and female gender and older age were factors contributing to worse HRQOL (I). Treatment with RFA restored the patients’ HRQOL. Most positive effects were seen at three months follow-up. One year after treatment patients and the matched reference group scored their HRQOL to a similar level, assessed ...
... and female gender and older age were factors contributing to worse HRQOL (I). Treatment with RFA restored the patients’ HRQOL. Most positive effects were seen at three months follow-up. One year after treatment patients and the matched reference group scored their HRQOL to a similar level, assessed ...
Article Peripheral Edema, Central Venous Pressure, and Risk of AKI
... Background and objectives Although venous congestion has been linked to renal dysfunction in heart failure, its significance in a broader context has not been investigated. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using an inception cohort of 12,778 critically ill adult patients admitted to an u ...
... Background and objectives Although venous congestion has been linked to renal dysfunction in heart failure, its significance in a broader context has not been investigated. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using an inception cohort of 12,778 critically ill adult patients admitted to an u ...
BNP and NT-proBNP levels in patients with sepsis
... BNP level is increased in severe sepsis and septic shock. 6.3. The clinical application of BNP and NT- proBNP in sepsis Sepsis is common in clinics with a high mortality and poor prognosis. In recent years, BNP and NT-proBNP have been applied in predicting the prognosis of patients with severe sepsi ...
... BNP level is increased in severe sepsis and septic shock. 6.3. The clinical application of BNP and NT- proBNP in sepsis Sepsis is common in clinics with a high mortality and poor prognosis. In recent years, BNP and NT-proBNP have been applied in predicting the prognosis of patients with severe sepsi ...
Chapter 13 The Heart and Heart Disease
... beats/min) – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “o ...
... beats/min) – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “o ...
Chapter 13 The Heart and Heart Disease
... beats/min) – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “o ...
... beats/min) – Tachycardia—rapid heart rate (more than 100 beats/min) – Sinus dysrhythmia—variation in heart rate during breathing cycle – Premature contraction (extrasystole)—contraction that occurs sooner than expected in a normal rhythm – Fibrillation—condition in which cardiac muscle fibers are “o ...
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance: A key to
... Despite their routine use, x-ray fluoroscopy and angiography do not provide 3D anatomic information, which can be crucial in patients with complex congenital heart disease. In contrast, MRI is characterized by 3D anatomic information in various imaging planes without the exposure to ionizing radiati ...
... Despite their routine use, x-ray fluoroscopy and angiography do not provide 3D anatomic information, which can be crucial in patients with complex congenital heart disease. In contrast, MRI is characterized by 3D anatomic information in various imaging planes without the exposure to ionizing radiati ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.