Surviving Left Ventricular Free Wall Rupture after Elective Left Heart
... On hospital day 4, the patient felt better and ambulated to her commode to urinate. As she stood up, she again developed severe acute substernal chest pain and went into PEA. ACLS was initiated, and 80 mL of blood was aspirated through her pericardial drain. She rapidly regained pulses. Given recurr ...
... On hospital day 4, the patient felt better and ambulated to her commode to urinate. As she stood up, she again developed severe acute substernal chest pain and went into PEA. ACLS was initiated, and 80 mL of blood was aspirated through her pericardial drain. She rapidly regained pulses. Given recurr ...
The role for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with atrial
... with some suggesting that patients surviving past 40 years are likely to have self-selected as a low risk group. However, in a study of late closure (all patients above 40 years with pulmonary to systemic flow ratio (Qp:Qs) ≥1.7 and 25% with arrhythmias at entry) there were twice as many primary end- ...
... with some suggesting that patients surviving past 40 years are likely to have self-selected as a low risk group. However, in a study of late closure (all patients above 40 years with pulmonary to systemic flow ratio (Qp:Qs) ≥1.7 and 25% with arrhythmias at entry) there were twice as many primary end- ...
Pericardium 2 - Brown University
... 2) Large V-waves on the left side of the heart may be seen with mitral regurgitation, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect. The v-wave in the jugular venous pulse reflects right atrial events. To see the v-wave on the left side of the heart Swan-Ganz monitoring is needed 3) timing - peaks ...
... 2) Large V-waves on the left side of the heart may be seen with mitral regurgitation, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect. The v-wave in the jugular venous pulse reflects right atrial events. To see the v-wave on the left side of the heart Swan-Ganz monitoring is needed 3) timing - peaks ...
HEART FAILURE HOLIDAY SYMPOSIUM TENTH ANNUAL 11 December 5-6, 2014
... failure. Critical updates and thoughtful contemporary reviews delivered by national experts in the field have been the hallmark of this program. This year we will once again assemble leading cardiologists and cardiac surgeons with expertise in heart failure and cardiac surgery to provide updates on ...
... failure. Critical updates and thoughtful contemporary reviews delivered by national experts in the field have been the hallmark of this program. This year we will once again assemble leading cardiologists and cardiac surgeons with expertise in heart failure and cardiac surgery to provide updates on ...
OCR AS and A Level Biology B Delivery Guide
... Devising practical ways to investigate the effect of heart rate should extend beyond that of GCSE level. They can be introduced to different methods of measurement e,g. use of pulse meters or manual monitoring. Students should be encouraged to look at the type of exercise used, when tests should be ...
... Devising practical ways to investigate the effect of heart rate should extend beyond that of GCSE level. They can be introduced to different methods of measurement e,g. use of pulse meters or manual monitoring. Students should be encouraged to look at the type of exercise used, when tests should be ...
diseases of the cardiovascular system
... inhibit cardiac and vascular smooth muscle contractility; reduces blood pressure and cardiac afterload; overall improvement in diastolic function – Or Propranolol: a beta-blocker to decrease heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand ...
... inhibit cardiac and vascular smooth muscle contractility; reduces blood pressure and cardiac afterload; overall improvement in diastolic function – Or Propranolol: a beta-blocker to decrease heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand ...
Outcomes of pseudo-severe aortic stenosis under conservative
... (AVA) ≤1 cm2 or indexed AVA ≤0.6 cm2/m2] with low-pressure gradient [mean transaortic pressure gradient (MPG) ,40 mmHg] and low LV ejection fraction (LVEF ≤40%) and low cardiac index (≤3.0 L/min/m2).4 Exclusion criteria were: severe extra cardiac comorbidities (life expectancy shorter than 1 year), ...
... (AVA) ≤1 cm2 or indexed AVA ≤0.6 cm2/m2] with low-pressure gradient [mean transaortic pressure gradient (MPG) ,40 mmHg] and low LV ejection fraction (LVEF ≤40%) and low cardiac index (≤3.0 L/min/m2).4 Exclusion criteria were: severe extra cardiac comorbidities (life expectancy shorter than 1 year), ...
Emergency Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Decompensated
... A PRIOR DIAGNOSIS OF HEART FAILURE ,i>ViÊÕ«ÊVV>Ê «ÀiÃÃÊ>iÊ i>`ÃÊÌÊ`>}ÃÌVÊ ÕViÀÌ>ÌÞÊLiV>ÕÃiÊÌ iÊ Ã}ÃÊ>`ÊÃÞ«ÌÃÊ vÊ i>ÀÌÊv>ÕÀiÊ>ÀiÊ Ài>ÌÛiÞÊëiVwV° ...
... A PRIOR DIAGNOSIS OF HEART FAILURE ,i>ViÊÕ«ÊVV>Ê «ÀiÃÃÊ>iÊ i>`ÃÊÌÊ`>}ÃÌVÊ ÕViÀÌ>ÌÞÊLiV>ÕÃiÊÌ iÊ Ã}ÃÊ>`ÊÃÞ«ÌÃÊ vÊ i>ÀÌÊv>ÕÀiÊ>ÀiÊ Ài>ÌÛiÞÊëiVwV° ...
Arrhythmias and EKGs
... ♥ Electrolytes: magnesium and potassium administration can favorably influence the electrical substrate involved in VA; are especially useful in setting of hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia ♥ ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and aldosterone blockers can improve the myocardial substrate thr ...
... ♥ Electrolytes: magnesium and potassium administration can favorably influence the electrical substrate involved in VA; are especially useful in setting of hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia ♥ ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and aldosterone blockers can improve the myocardial substrate thr ...
Cardiac Resynchronization for the Implanter
... electrode on the anterior RV to a ground and a second dipole from an active electrode on the posterolateral LV to a ground. ...
... electrode on the anterior RV to a ground and a second dipole from an active electrode on the posterolateral LV to a ground. ...
Left Atrial Volume Mortality PE
... Seven-hundred and fifty-six patients with acute PE met the inclusion criteria, and 120 (15.9%) patients were excluded: 77 (10.2%) because of inaccurate detection of the chambers’ boundaries by the volumetric software, 25 (3.3%) because of an incomplete CT scan, and 18 (2.4%) because of unavailability ...
... Seven-hundred and fifty-six patients with acute PE met the inclusion criteria, and 120 (15.9%) patients were excluded: 77 (10.2%) because of inaccurate detection of the chambers’ boundaries by the volumetric software, 25 (3.3%) because of an incomplete CT scan, and 18 (2.4%) because of unavailability ...
Task force I: Congenital heart disease
... combinations of malformations of the cardiovascular system now identifiable by noninvasive or invasive means. It is impractical to attempt to define limits for patients with each of these defects, but for this conference several common defects have been considered. These defects include ob• structiv ...
... combinations of malformations of the cardiovascular system now identifiable by noninvasive or invasive means. It is impractical to attempt to define limits for patients with each of these defects, but for this conference several common defects have been considered. These defects include ob• structiv ...
The Heart: Anatomy, Physiology and Exercise Physiology
... 1.3, Table 1.4). The left coronary artery arises from the left aortic sinus (at an acute angle from the aorta) [2, 3, 6, 8] as a single short main artery (left mainstem). The LCA bifurcates to form the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex (LCx) [2, 3, 6]. The LAD anastomoses wit ...
... 1.3, Table 1.4). The left coronary artery arises from the left aortic sinus (at an acute angle from the aorta) [2, 3, 6, 8] as a single short main artery (left mainstem). The LCA bifurcates to form the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and left circumflex (LCx) [2, 3, 6]. The LAD anastomoses wit ...
Mortality, reinfarction, left ventricular ejection fraction and costs
... death in six patients. Survival curves are shown in Fig. 1. The relative risk of cardiac death in streptokinase patients compared to angioplasty patients was 2-5 (95% confidence interval 11-61). The influence of age, coronary anatomy, prior MI, infarct location and reperfusion therapy on mortality i ...
... death in six patients. Survival curves are shown in Fig. 1. The relative risk of cardiac death in streptokinase patients compared to angioplasty patients was 2-5 (95% confidence interval 11-61). The influence of age, coronary anatomy, prior MI, infarct location and reperfusion therapy on mortality i ...
Cardiac Amyloidosis
... • Volume management (diuretics/salt restriction) and arrhythmia management • Standard HF medications, B-blocker, Ace-i/ARB poorly tolerated due to hypotension from ANS dysfunction, small LV cavity and inability to augment SV in response to vasodilation • B-blocker can exacerbate arrhythmias • Digoxi ...
... • Volume management (diuretics/salt restriction) and arrhythmia management • Standard HF medications, B-blocker, Ace-i/ARB poorly tolerated due to hypotension from ANS dysfunction, small LV cavity and inability to augment SV in response to vasodilation • B-blocker can exacerbate arrhythmias • Digoxi ...
Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device and Extracorporeal Membrane
... with surgical procedures; however, there is no optimal percutaneous VSD closure device. In addition, the lack of a suitable anatomy for landing the device, the large size of the VSD, and the location of the rupture at the septal margin may limit the application of this technique. Given that the myoc ...
... with surgical procedures; however, there is no optimal percutaneous VSD closure device. In addition, the lack of a suitable anatomy for landing the device, the large size of the VSD, and the location of the rupture at the septal margin may limit the application of this technique. Given that the myoc ...
Zimmermann WH, et al. Heart Muscle Engineering
... Akt-kinase pathway [66,67]. An important task for cardiac tissue engineers in the future is certainly to identify more and ultimately all factors including optimal concentrations and time windows in which specific factors have to be present during culture. So far, growth factors are mostly applied b ...
... Akt-kinase pathway [66,67]. An important task for cardiac tissue engineers in the future is certainly to identify more and ultimately all factors including optimal concentrations and time windows in which specific factors have to be present during culture. So far, growth factors are mostly applied b ...
Peri-operative Cardiac Arrhythmias
... cardiovascular events occurring during and after the emergence of anaesthesia occur more frequently. Although the incidence is higher during cardiac surgery, intra-operative dysrrhythmias affect up to 29% of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Relatively minor fluctuations in cardiovascular and ...
... cardiovascular events occurring during and after the emergence of anaesthesia occur more frequently. Although the incidence is higher during cardiac surgery, intra-operative dysrrhythmias affect up to 29% of patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. Relatively minor fluctuations in cardiovascular and ...
The Defibrillation Process
... asystole, but no contraction of the heart muscle and, consequently, no pulse. CPR is the only treatment, SAED will not recommend a shock if this rhythm is detected ...
... asystole, but no contraction of the heart muscle and, consequently, no pulse. CPR is the only treatment, SAED will not recommend a shock if this rhythm is detected ...
The QT interval on the ECG is measured from the beginning of the
... (EAD). [Remark 4] It leads to enhanced transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) and is usually associated with a prolonged QT interval. TDR serves as a functional reentry background to maintain torsade de pointes, as well as provides reentry background and increases the risk of EAD, the trigger ...
... (EAD). [Remark 4] It leads to enhanced transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) and is usually associated with a prolonged QT interval. TDR serves as a functional reentry background to maintain torsade de pointes, as well as provides reentry background and increases the risk of EAD, the trigger ...
The heart is responsible for generating the pressure that propels
... others affect heart rate as well. More on them later. The cardiac cycle refers to all the events associated with blood flow thru the heart during one complete heartbeat. It includes the contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of all 4 chambers. Remember that in order for blood to move from p ...
... others affect heart rate as well. More on them later. The cardiac cycle refers to all the events associated with blood flow thru the heart during one complete heartbeat. It includes the contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of all 4 chambers. Remember that in order for blood to move from p ...
comparing the efficacy of intravenous adenosine and verapamil in
... supraventricular tachycardia. However, the sample size was quite larger in our study, i.e., 120 patients. They noticed the termination of tachycardia in 100% patients with adenosine and 95% with verapamil (p<0.05). In a reterospective clinical trial by Rankin et al, which was conducted on 43 patient ...
... supraventricular tachycardia. However, the sample size was quite larger in our study, i.e., 120 patients. They noticed the termination of tachycardia in 100% patients with adenosine and 95% with verapamil (p<0.05). In a reterospective clinical trial by Rankin et al, which was conducted on 43 patient ...
Which Type of Right Ventricular Pressure Overload Is Worse? An
... of pressure overload compared to normal individuals and also to find out whether there are any differences between the different pathologies that cause pressure loading on this chamber. The most important tissue Doppler imaging characteristics of PAH should be strain, systolic and diastolic SR (S, E ...
... of pressure overload compared to normal individuals and also to find out whether there are any differences between the different pathologies that cause pressure loading on this chamber. The most important tissue Doppler imaging characteristics of PAH should be strain, systolic and diastolic SR (S, E ...
Rational Choices in Antiarrhythmic Pharmacotherapy
... generation of the action potential is essential to understanding the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs on arrhythmias and the ECG. The resting membrane potential (phase 4 of the action potential or the TP interval on the ECG) of myocytes is set by a small leak of K+ out of cells down its electrochemic ...
... generation of the action potential is essential to understanding the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs on arrhythmias and the ECG. The resting membrane potential (phase 4 of the action potential or the TP interval on the ECG) of myocytes is set by a small leak of K+ out of cells down its electrochemic ...
Left Ventricular Assist Devices - Ether
... percent.8 Even though medical therapies have improved survival and the quality of life,9,10 recent estimates indicate that nearly 60,000 patients annually in the United States could benefit from heart transplantation or long-term mechanical support.11 The introduction of cyclosporine in the 1980s12 ...
... percent.8 Even though medical therapies have improved survival and the quality of life,9,10 recent estimates indicate that nearly 60,000 patients annually in the United States could benefit from heart transplantation or long-term mechanical support.11 The introduction of cyclosporine in the 1980s12 ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.