What are the surgical options to treat atrial fibrillation?
... Atrial fibrillation occurs in 40-45 % of patients within the first three months after surgery. This is because following the surgery the atrial tissue swells and the rest periods become shorter, making it easier for an irregular beat to trigger AF. However, AF after surgery usually responds well to ...
... Atrial fibrillation occurs in 40-45 % of patients within the first three months after surgery. This is because following the surgery the atrial tissue swells and the rest periods become shorter, making it easier for an irregular beat to trigger AF. However, AF after surgery usually responds well to ...
Standardized Myocardial Segmentation and Nomenclature for
... For regional analysis of left ventricular function or myocardial perfusion, the left ventricle should be divided into equal thirds perpendicular to the long axis of the heart. This will generate 3 circular basal, mid-cavity, and apical short-axis slices of the left ventricle. For echocardiography, a ...
... For regional analysis of left ventricular function or myocardial perfusion, the left ventricle should be divided into equal thirds perpendicular to the long axis of the heart. This will generate 3 circular basal, mid-cavity, and apical short-axis slices of the left ventricle. For echocardiography, a ...
Congenital Heart Disease in Adults: Review Questions
... septal defects are secundum type and 20% are primum type.1 Atrial septal defects are generally noncyanotic, and 70% prove to be limited to the central portion of the atrial septum, whereas 20% extend to the posterior septal wall.1 6. (A) Cor triloculare biventriculare, single atrium is hemodynamical ...
... septal defects are secundum type and 20% are primum type.1 Atrial septal defects are generally noncyanotic, and 70% prove to be limited to the central portion of the atrial septum, whereas 20% extend to the posterior septal wall.1 6. (A) Cor triloculare biventriculare, single atrium is hemodynamical ...
Comprehensive Bio‐Imaging Using Myocardial Perfusion Reserve
... part of our institutional protocol, performed in HT recipients, as described previously (7–9). Briefly, a standardized imaging protocol was used, aiming at the assessment of baseline parameters of the left ventricle such as left ventricular (LV) diameters, septal and lateral wall thickness and, ejec ...
... part of our institutional protocol, performed in HT recipients, as described previously (7–9). Briefly, a standardized imaging protocol was used, aiming at the assessment of baseline parameters of the left ventricle such as left ventricular (LV) diameters, septal and lateral wall thickness and, ejec ...
Basic Cardiovascular System and Pathological Abnormalities
... • Palpate liver • +/- rales and CXR to evaluate for CHF • Reverse dehydration Reverse acidosis ...
... • Palpate liver • +/- rales and CXR to evaluate for CHF • Reverse dehydration Reverse acidosis ...
North American Society for Cardiac Imaging 2012
... a predictor of sudden death in HCM patients, as is LVOT obstruction. 9. Most patients with HCM have diastolic dysfunction. In some patients, in late-phase HCM, systolic dysfunction, with LV cavity dilation and wall thinning, may be seen. This situation has been referred to as the “burned-out” phase. ...
... a predictor of sudden death in HCM patients, as is LVOT obstruction. 9. Most patients with HCM have diastolic dysfunction. In some patients, in late-phase HCM, systolic dysfunction, with LV cavity dilation and wall thinning, may be seen. This situation has been referred to as the “burned-out” phase. ...
Ventricular Septal Defects
... • Small VSD: no treatment may be needed. But closely monitored to make sure that the hole eventually closes. • Large VSD: who have symptoms related to heart failure may need medicine to control the symptoms and surgery to close the hole. • If symptoms continue, even with medication, surgery to close ...
... • Small VSD: no treatment may be needed. But closely monitored to make sure that the hole eventually closes. • Large VSD: who have symptoms related to heart failure may need medicine to control the symptoms and surgery to close the hole. • If symptoms continue, even with medication, surgery to close ...
Basics in ECG Interpretation (Part 1) – By Dr. Anidu Pathirana
... 2. Are there any recognizable complexes? 3. What is the ventricular (QRS) rate? 4. Is the QRS rhythm regular or irregular? 5. Is the QRS complex width normal or prolonged? 6. Is atrial activity present? 7. How is atrial activity related to ventricular activity? ...
... 2. Are there any recognizable complexes? 3. What is the ventricular (QRS) rate? 4. Is the QRS rhythm regular or irregular? 5. Is the QRS complex width normal or prolonged? 6. Is atrial activity present? 7. How is atrial activity related to ventricular activity? ...
Pharmacological treatment of ischaemic heart disease
... result, left ventricular volume (pre-load) and pressure and diastolic wall tension are reduced and myocardial oxygen demand is lowered'191. Larger nitrate doses cause some degree of arterial vasodilation, thereby lowering peripheral vascular resistance and left ventricular systolic wall tension and ...
... result, left ventricular volume (pre-load) and pressure and diastolic wall tension are reduced and myocardial oxygen demand is lowered'191. Larger nitrate doses cause some degree of arterial vasodilation, thereby lowering peripheral vascular resistance and left ventricular systolic wall tension and ...
Prevalence of impaired left ventricular systolic function - Heart
... stratified by 10 year age groups, and we attempted to invite at least 150 patients in each age decade. The only inclusion criterion was age between 50 and 89 years. Exclusion criteria were an inability to cooperate in the examinations (for example, because of dementia), permanent residency in a nurs ...
... stratified by 10 year age groups, and we attempted to invite at least 150 patients in each age decade. The only inclusion criterion was age between 50 and 89 years. Exclusion criteria were an inability to cooperate in the examinations (for example, because of dementia), permanent residency in a nurs ...
Visual estimation versus quantitative assessment of left ventricular
... correlation between visual and calculated EF.17-21 Their correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.72 to 0.89.15-19 With CMR, we could achieve a better correlation between visual and quantitative assessment (correlation coefficient z0.92). However, a good correlation does not necessarily imply go ...
... correlation between visual and calculated EF.17-21 Their correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.72 to 0.89.15-19 With CMR, we could achieve a better correlation between visual and quantitative assessment (correlation coefficient z0.92). However, a good correlation does not necessarily imply go ...
Diastolic Dysfunction and Its Management in Elderly Patients
... However, as with diuretics, nitrates need to be used cautiously in cases of diastolic CHF, especially in elderly patients, because they may reduce stroke volume and cardiac output. Digoxin Positive inotropic agents (such as digoxin) are generally not recommended in the treatment of patients with iso ...
... However, as with diuretics, nitrates need to be used cautiously in cases of diastolic CHF, especially in elderly patients, because they may reduce stroke volume and cardiac output. Digoxin Positive inotropic agents (such as digoxin) are generally not recommended in the treatment of patients with iso ...
Sudden Cardiac Arrest Information Sheet FAQs and
... Definition: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a potentially fatal condition in which the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. When this happens, blood stops flowing to the brain and other vital organs. SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athl ...
... Definition: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a potentially fatal condition in which the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. When this happens, blood stops flowing to the brain and other vital organs. SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athl ...
Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) Information for Parents and Student
... Definition: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a potentially fatal condition in which the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. When this happens, blood stops flowing to the brain and other vital organs. SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athl ...
... Definition: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a potentially fatal condition in which the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating. When this happens, blood stops flowing to the brain and other vital organs. SCA in student athletes is rare; the chance of SCA occurring to any individual student athl ...
Myocardial Recovery and the Failing Heart
... Medical and device therapies that reduce heart failure morbidity and mortality also lead to decreased left ventricular volume and mass and a more normal elliptical shape of the ventricle. These are due to changes in myocyte size, structure, and organization that have been referred to collectively as ...
... Medical and device therapies that reduce heart failure morbidity and mortality also lead to decreased left ventricular volume and mass and a more normal elliptical shape of the ventricle. These are due to changes in myocyte size, structure, and organization that have been referred to collectively as ...
CV part 1
... • Sometimes, for some reason, the SA node may not work right. It may fire occasionally, too often, or not at all. • If the SA node decides it does not want to function correctly, the heart has a backup plan! • Pacemaker cells are located in lower areas of the heart and can initiate an impulse only w ...
... • Sometimes, for some reason, the SA node may not work right. It may fire occasionally, too often, or not at all. • If the SA node decides it does not want to function correctly, the heart has a backup plan! • Pacemaker cells are located in lower areas of the heart and can initiate an impulse only w ...
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ischaemic Heart Disease (ASM 2011)
... management of patients with IHD It is an ideal imaging technique for serial follow-up and screening due to being noninvasive and involves no irradiation An single examination can assess cardiac function, regional wall motion, regional perfusion, and the extent of infarction ...
... management of patients with IHD It is an ideal imaging technique for serial follow-up and screening due to being noninvasive and involves no irradiation An single examination can assess cardiac function, regional wall motion, regional perfusion, and the extent of infarction ...
Heart
... • The injured valve is most commonly affected when there is a pre-existing disease. (rheumatic heart disease this is the aortic and the mitral valves) : left heart valves ...
... • The injured valve is most commonly affected when there is a pre-existing disease. (rheumatic heart disease this is the aortic and the mitral valves) : left heart valves ...
Effects of Dronedarone on Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Lone
... Dronedarone in Lone Atrial Fibrillation. Introduction: Dronedarone has been shown to reduce cardiovascular hospitalizations or death in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and additional risk factors. This post hoc exploratory analysis examines its effects in the subgroup of lone AF patients. Met ...
... Dronedarone in Lone Atrial Fibrillation. Introduction: Dronedarone has been shown to reduce cardiovascular hospitalizations or death in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and additional risk factors. This post hoc exploratory analysis examines its effects in the subgroup of lone AF patients. Met ...
Using this template
... • Ensure the patient is stable and does not have a condition or device that would preclude an exercise-based rehabilitation programme. • Include a psychological and educational component in the programme. ...
... • Ensure the patient is stable and does not have a condition or device that would preclude an exercise-based rehabilitation programme. • Include a psychological and educational component in the programme. ...
Click here for the printable version of this module.
... Acute anterolateral MI is recongnized by ST segment elevation in leads I, aVL and the precordial leads overlying the anterior and lateral surfaces of the heart (V3 - V6). Generally speaking, the more significant the ST elevation , the more severe the infarction. There is also a loss of general R wav ...
... Acute anterolateral MI is recongnized by ST segment elevation in leads I, aVL and the precordial leads overlying the anterior and lateral surfaces of the heart (V3 - V6). Generally speaking, the more significant the ST elevation , the more severe the infarction. There is also a loss of general R wav ...
Prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation
... anticoagulant. The balance of risks and benefits of anticoagulant therapy should be assessed and discussed annually with the patient, with consideration given to patient preference. A Antiplatelet therapy should only be considered where warfarin or one of the alternative new anticoagulants has been ...
... anticoagulant. The balance of risks and benefits of anticoagulant therapy should be assessed and discussed annually with the patient, with consideration given to patient preference. A Antiplatelet therapy should only be considered where warfarin or one of the alternative new anticoagulants has been ...
Clinical Application of Echocardiography
... regurgitation with ventricular dilation without clinical symptoms. 7. Assessment of the effects of medical therapy on the severity of regurgitation and ventricular compensation and function when it might change medical management. ...
... regurgitation with ventricular dilation without clinical symptoms. 7. Assessment of the effects of medical therapy on the severity of regurgitation and ventricular compensation and function when it might change medical management. ...
Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Caused by Infective Endocarditis
... Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment with oxacillin 2 g every 4 hours gradually reduced the fever. Echocardiography then showed an aneurysm-like structure communicating with the left ventricle. However, the patient refused further examinations and insisted on discharge. After 4 days, he was readmitted t ...
... Staphylococcus aureus. Treatment with oxacillin 2 g every 4 hours gradually reduced the fever. Echocardiography then showed an aneurysm-like structure communicating with the left ventricle. However, the patient refused further examinations and insisted on discharge. After 4 days, he was readmitted t ...
outcome of st segment elevated versus non
... raised biomarkers (CPK, CKMB, SGOT, and LDH/Trop-T) and one of the two i.e. electrocardiography (ECG) changes or history of chest pain. They were grouped into STEMI and NSTEMI. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 52 years (range 35–75 years). Majority of patients (73%) was male and 27% were female ...
... raised biomarkers (CPK, CKMB, SGOT, and LDH/Trop-T) and one of the two i.e. electrocardiography (ECG) changes or history of chest pain. They were grouped into STEMI and NSTEMI. RESULTS: Mean age of the patients was 52 years (range 35–75 years). Majority of patients (73%) was male and 27% were female ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.