Pulmonic Stenosis Explained - New
... and velocity of blood flow through the chambers. Occasionally a chest xray and ECG (electrocardiogram) may be recommended. These give us the best look at the heart size and an assessment of the electrical activity of the heart. The combination of all of these tests gives us our best evaluation of th ...
... and velocity of blood flow through the chambers. Occasionally a chest xray and ECG (electrocardiogram) may be recommended. These give us the best look at the heart size and an assessment of the electrical activity of the heart. The combination of all of these tests gives us our best evaluation of th ...
Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defects
... foramen ovale (PFO), which has become an established therapy, is constantly increasing. In this study, which is the first in the Greek literature, we present the immediate and mid-term results from this intervention in our center. Methods: From April 2004 to April 2008, 103 patients underwent percut ...
... foramen ovale (PFO), which has become an established therapy, is constantly increasing. In this study, which is the first in the Greek literature, we present the immediate and mid-term results from this intervention in our center. Methods: From April 2004 to April 2008, 103 patients underwent percut ...
12 Lead ECG Interpretation
... • when an electrical impulse travels towards a positive electrode, there will be a positive deflection on the ECG • if the impulse travels away from the positive electrode, a negative deflection will ...
... • when an electrical impulse travels towards a positive electrode, there will be a positive deflection on the ECG • if the impulse travels away from the positive electrode, a negative deflection will ...
Electrocardiogram changes and heart rate
... Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 50 men, aged between 30 and 50 years with alcohol intake for more than 5 years of duration, without any known cardiac illness. Similarly, 50 nonalcoholic individuals of the same age, sex, and anthropometrically matched group constituted the control ...
... Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 50 men, aged between 30 and 50 years with alcohol intake for more than 5 years of duration, without any known cardiac illness. Similarly, 50 nonalcoholic individuals of the same age, sex, and anthropometrically matched group constituted the control ...
Avandia - GSK Source
... In 7 controlled, randomized, double-blind trials which had durations from 16 to 26 weeks and which were included in a meta-analysis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)], patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized to coadministration of AVANDIA and insulin (N = 1,018) or insulin (N = 815) ...
... In 7 controlled, randomized, double-blind trials which had durations from 16 to 26 weeks and which were included in a meta-analysis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)], patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized to coadministration of AVANDIA and insulin (N = 1,018) or insulin (N = 815) ...
18-Simone Cavenaghi EN.pmd
... leading to inhibition of cough and pulmonary clearance and may lead to respiratory failure and increase pulmonary vascular resistance [8]. Heart surgeries associated with CPB have as adverse effect the increased capillary permeability that causes edema, which results in decreased lung compliance and ...
... leading to inhibition of cough and pulmonary clearance and may lead to respiratory failure and increase pulmonary vascular resistance [8]. Heart surgeries associated with CPB have as adverse effect the increased capillary permeability that causes edema, which results in decreased lung compliance and ...
Pacemaker syndrome
... and can occur at any age.8 In this trial 2010 patients were randomly assigned to VVIR (Ventricular Rate ...
... and can occur at any age.8 In this trial 2010 patients were randomly assigned to VVIR (Ventricular Rate ...
Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure Quick
... mild (NYHA Class II) symptoms, despite receiving standard therapies with ACEIs and beta-blockers. Use diuretics, digoxin and nitrates to manage symptoms as indicated in people already receiving ACEIs and beta-blockers. Fish oils should be considered as a second-line treatment for people with CHF who ...
... mild (NYHA Class II) symptoms, despite receiving standard therapies with ACEIs and beta-blockers. Use diuretics, digoxin and nitrates to manage symptoms as indicated in people already receiving ACEIs and beta-blockers. Fish oils should be considered as a second-line treatment for people with CHF who ...
Sick Sinus Syndrome: 21 Years Follow-Up
... commoner in older age groups but also occurs in young, and both sexes are equally affected. SSS may manifest as sinus bradycardia or sinus arrest. Chronic atrial fibrillation may replace ceased sinus rhythm and ventricular rate may also be slow. Lone artial fibrillation, without cardiac abnormality ...
... commoner in older age groups but also occurs in young, and both sexes are equally affected. SSS may manifest as sinus bradycardia or sinus arrest. Chronic atrial fibrillation may replace ceased sinus rhythm and ventricular rate may also be slow. Lone artial fibrillation, without cardiac abnormality ...
NIH Public Access
... Accurate estimation of the burden of OHCA is essential to evaluate progress towards improving public health by reducing cardiovascular disease. Clinical trials often exclude JAMA. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 October 6. ...
... Accurate estimation of the burden of OHCA is essential to evaluate progress towards improving public health by reducing cardiovascular disease. Clinical trials often exclude JAMA. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 October 6. ...
12 Lead ECG Interpretation - Learning
... • when an electrical impulse travels towards a positive electrode, there will be a positive deflection on the ECG • if the impulse travels away from the positive electrode, a negative deflection will ...
... • when an electrical impulse travels towards a positive electrode, there will be a positive deflection on the ECG • if the impulse travels away from the positive electrode, a negative deflection will ...
Muscle metaboreflex increases ventricular performance in
... metaboreflex-induced increase in heart rate (HR) occurs via an increase in sympathetic activity to the heart. In that study, b-adrenergic blockade markedly decreased the tachycardic response to hindlimb ischemia. In addition, after b-adrenergic blockade the magnitude of the metaboreflex-induced pres ...
... metaboreflex-induced increase in heart rate (HR) occurs via an increase in sympathetic activity to the heart. In that study, b-adrenergic blockade markedly decreased the tachycardic response to hindlimb ischemia. In addition, after b-adrenergic blockade the magnitude of the metaboreflex-induced pres ...
LIVING WELL WITH HEART FAILURE
... Recent medical research shows that people with an ejection fraction of 35% or lower may be at increased risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Sudden Cardiac Arrest is not a heart attack. Sudden cardiac arrest occurs when your heart suddenly starts beating very fast and quivering instead of pumping blood t ...
... Recent medical research shows that people with an ejection fraction of 35% or lower may be at increased risk for Sudden Cardiac Arrest. Sudden Cardiac Arrest is not a heart attack. Sudden cardiac arrest occurs when your heart suddenly starts beating very fast and quivering instead of pumping blood t ...
Three-dimensional organization of electrical turbulence in the heart
... Rotors occur in systems that are called excitable, i.e., systems that have two main properties: excitability ~ability to conduct waves of excitation! and refractoriness ~ability to recover and conduct another wave of excitation after some period of time called the refractory period!. Such rotors wer ...
... Rotors occur in systems that are called excitable, i.e., systems that have two main properties: excitability ~ability to conduct waves of excitation! and refractoriness ~ability to recover and conduct another wave of excitation after some period of time called the refractory period!. Such rotors wer ...
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (EF) of 55% as
... in LVEF to less than 50% but above 40% after a mean followup of 31.5 months. Thus, approximately 10% of patients change from HFpEF to HFmrEF, or HF-borderline EF. It is unclear from the present study whether these patients will further progress to HFrEF over a longer period of time. The present stud ...
... in LVEF to less than 50% but above 40% after a mean followup of 31.5 months. Thus, approximately 10% of patients change from HFpEF to HFmrEF, or HF-borderline EF. It is unclear from the present study whether these patients will further progress to HFrEF over a longer period of time. The present stud ...
Valvular Heart Disease: Review and Update
... aortic stenosis should undergo echocardiography annually. This frequent monitoring is more for evaluation of left ventricular function than for estimation of valve area. In patients with mild to moderate aortic stenosis, performance of echocardiography every two to five years is appropriate for moni ...
... aortic stenosis should undergo echocardiography annually. This frequent monitoring is more for evaluation of left ventricular function than for estimation of valve area. In patients with mild to moderate aortic stenosis, performance of echocardiography every two to five years is appropriate for moni ...
Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices (Part I)
... atrioventricular (AV) heart block (AVHB). It is also sometimes used to overdrive or terminate atrial or ventricular tachydysrhythmias. The endpoint for temporary pacing is resolution of the indication or implantation of a permanent pacemaker for a continuing indication. Transvenous endocardial16,17 ...
... atrioventricular (AV) heart block (AVHB). It is also sometimes used to overdrive or terminate atrial or ventricular tachydysrhythmias. The endpoint for temporary pacing is resolution of the indication or implantation of a permanent pacemaker for a continuing indication. Transvenous endocardial16,17 ...
Age-related changes in cardiac structure and function in Fischer 344
... aging heart extend from cardiomyocyte cell loss, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, changes in ventricle chamber diameter, and collagen deposition (3, 13, 14), leading to overt functional changes such as lengthening of contraction and relaxation times and thus a decrease in heart rate (15), decrease ...
... aging heart extend from cardiomyocyte cell loss, left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, changes in ventricle chamber diameter, and collagen deposition (3, 13, 14), leading to overt functional changes such as lengthening of contraction and relaxation times and thus a decrease in heart rate (15), decrease ...
Imaging cardiac activation sequence during ventricular tachycardia
... arterial blood pressure after electrode insertion (heart rate, 99 ⫾ 8 to 101 ⫾ 2 beats/min; mean arterial blood pressure, 82 ⫾ 17 to 76 ⫾ 5 mmHg; both P ⫽ not significant). The chest and skin were then carefully closed with silk suture, and the mapping electrode wires were externalized above and bel ...
... arterial blood pressure after electrode insertion (heart rate, 99 ⫾ 8 to 101 ⫾ 2 beats/min; mean arterial blood pressure, 82 ⫾ 17 to 76 ⫾ 5 mmHg; both P ⫽ not significant). The chest and skin were then carefully closed with silk suture, and the mapping electrode wires were externalized above and bel ...
Cardiac applications of optogenetics
... contribution of the ChR2 current during an action potential e data not available in the published neuroscience or cardiac optogenetics literature. Since ChR2 current (IChR2) is both light- and voltagesensitive, its contribution during a dynamically changing membrane voltage is not trivial, and cardi ...
... contribution of the ChR2 current during an action potential e data not available in the published neuroscience or cardiac optogenetics literature. Since ChR2 current (IChR2) is both light- and voltagesensitive, its contribution during a dynamically changing membrane voltage is not trivial, and cardi ...
Estimating pulmonary artery pressures by echocardiography in patients with emphysema
... In 74 paired RHCs and DEs carried out on 63 patients, the mean values of invasively measured Ppas and the estimated RVSP were similar (4.9¡0.9 versus 5.2¡1.3 kPa). However, the Bland–Altman plot of the Ppas (fig. 2) reveals substantial imprecision. The bias was 0.37 kPa for the difference between th ...
... In 74 paired RHCs and DEs carried out on 63 patients, the mean values of invasively measured Ppas and the estimated RVSP were similar (4.9¡0.9 versus 5.2¡1.3 kPa). However, the Bland–Altman plot of the Ppas (fig. 2) reveals substantial imprecision. The bias was 0.37 kPa for the difference between th ...
Understanding the Heterogeneity in Volume Overload and Fluid
... hospital for symptomatic DCHF (New York Heart Association functional classes III to IVa) and clinically determined volume overload were evaluated prospectively. Quantitated TBV measurements were obtained before diuresis therapy was initiated by the primary care service. In a portion of these patient ...
... hospital for symptomatic DCHF (New York Heart Association functional classes III to IVa) and clinically determined volume overload were evaluated prospectively. Quantitated TBV measurements were obtained before diuresis therapy was initiated by the primary care service. In a portion of these patient ...
Chapter 15
... 1. Immediate CPR can double or even triple a patient’s chance of survival from ventricular-fibrillation-induced sudden cardiac arrest (VF SCA). 2. It is important to begin CPR within two minutes of the cardiac arrest. C. Early defibrillation 1. Survival of VF SCA patients decreases approximately sev ...
... 1. Immediate CPR can double or even triple a patient’s chance of survival from ventricular-fibrillation-induced sudden cardiac arrest (VF SCA). 2. It is important to begin CPR within two minutes of the cardiac arrest. C. Early defibrillation 1. Survival of VF SCA patients decreases approximately sev ...
Cardiac channelopathies: Genetic and molecular mechanisms
... of positive charges (Na+ and Ca2+) into the cell, which moves the ...
... of positive charges (Na+ and Ca2+) into the cell, which moves the ...
Endurance Exercise – Is It Worth It?
... remain physically fit is by being physically active. The question is, “How much physical activity is required to be considered fit, and is there such a thing as overdoing the physical fitness”? How Much is Enough? Ten years ago researchers at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in London, Eng ...
... remain physically fit is by being physically active. The question is, “How much physical activity is required to be considered fit, and is there such a thing as overdoing the physical fitness”? How Much is Enough? Ten years ago researchers at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in London, Eng ...
Cardiac contractility modulation
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Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) is a treatment for patients with moderate to severe left ventricular systolic heart failure (NYHA class II–IV). The short- and long-term use of this therapy enhances both the strength of ventricular contraction and the heart’s pumping capacity. The CCM mechanism is based on stimulation of the cardiac muscle by non-excitatory electrical signals (NES). CCM treatment is delivered by a pacemaker-like device that applies the NES, adjusted to and synchronized with the electrical action in the cardiac cycle.In CCM therapy, electrical stimulation is applied to the cardiac muscle during the absolute refractory period. In this phase of the cardiac cycle, electrical signals cannot trigger new cardiac muscle contractions, hence this type of stimulation is known as a non-excitatory stimulation. However, the electrical CCM signals increase the influx of calcium ions into the cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes). In contrast to other electrical stimulation treatments for heart failure, such as pacemaker therapy or implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), CCM does not affect the cardiac rhythm directly. Rather, the aim is to enhance the heart’s natural contraction (the native cardiac contractility) sustainably over long periods of time. Furthermore, unlike most interventions that increase cardiac contractility, CCM is not associated with an unfavorable increase in oxygen demand by the heart (measured in terms of Myocardial Oxygen Consumption or MVO2). This may be explained by the beneficial effect CCM has in improving cardiac efficiency. A meta-analysis in 2014 and an overview of device-based treatment options in heart failure in 2013 concluded that CCM treatment is safe, that it is generally beneficial to patients and that CCM treatment increases the exercise tolerance (ET) and quality of life (QoL) of patients. Furthermore, preliminary long-term survival data shows that CCM is associated with lower long-term mortality in heart failure patients when compared with expected rates among similar patients not treated with CCM.