Full report
... purchased in the local markets, usually at the end of the day when prices are cheaper. Focus group discussions suggested that households living in rural areas have easier access to vegetables. In fact, although they do not own land, they are able to get vegetables from neighbouring farmers. MEAT/FIS ...
... purchased in the local markets, usually at the end of the day when prices are cheaper. Focus group discussions suggested that households living in rural areas have easier access to vegetables. In fact, although they do not own land, they are able to get vegetables from neighbouring farmers. MEAT/FIS ...
Trophic Ecology of the Armadillo Ant, Tatuidris tatusia, Assessed by
... reached in March 2010 indicates that T. tatusia was relatively common at this locality. This result contrasts with the low abundances generally reported for the species at the local scale. For instance, the first record of the genus in Brazil was based on only two individuals (Vasconcelos and Vilhen ...
... reached in March 2010 indicates that T. tatusia was relatively common at this locality. This result contrasts with the low abundances generally reported for the species at the local scale. For instance, the first record of the genus in Brazil was based on only two individuals (Vasconcelos and Vilhen ...
Food webs on plants - UvA-DARE
... Thee results of Chapter 6 raise an important point for the debate on complex interactionss and their role in food web dynamics. Clearly, one should be cautious in extrapolatingg experiments carried out in confined environments (cages, dishes) to the populationn level. Even though intraguild predatio ...
... Thee results of Chapter 6 raise an important point for the debate on complex interactionss and their role in food web dynamics. Clearly, one should be cautious in extrapolatingg experiments carried out in confined environments (cages, dishes) to the populationn level. Even though intraguild predatio ...
Network structure and robustness of marine food webs
... absent from the cascade model. For each marine food web, we used Monte Carlo simulations to generate 1000 cascade and niche model webs with the same S and C as the empirical web, allowing calculation of a model mean and standard deviation for each property. If the normalized error (raw error divided ...
... absent from the cascade model. For each marine food web, we used Monte Carlo simulations to generate 1000 cascade and niche model webs with the same S and C as the empirical web, allowing calculation of a model mean and standard deviation for each property. If the normalized error (raw error divided ...
01- arruda
... The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) are two South American canids with large overlap in their geographic distribution. However, there are few data on the comparative ecology of these species. The aim of this research was to quantify the diet of these two ...
... The maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) are two South American canids with large overlap in their geographic distribution. However, there are few data on the comparative ecology of these species. The aim of this research was to quantify the diet of these two ...
What Makes an Ecological Icon? Symposia
... al ecology in the early 20th century (see also Fisher 2005), many of these may be in foreign languages, the reading of which poses a problem for students who no longer have to master a second language as part of their graduate education. These can be translated using Google Translate ‹http://transla ...
... al ecology in the early 20th century (see also Fisher 2005), many of these may be in foreign languages, the reading of which poses a problem for students who no longer have to master a second language as part of their graduate education. These can be translated using Google Translate ‹http://transla ...
Temperate rocky subtidal reef community reveals human impacts
... test if our network was truly modular, as proposed by Reichardt & Bornholdt (2006). To get further insight into the levels of interdependencies between prey and predators of harvested and non-harvested nodes, we compared the average connectivity of each type of node and calculated the percentage (%) ...
... test if our network was truly modular, as proposed by Reichardt & Bornholdt (2006). To get further insight into the levels of interdependencies between prey and predators of harvested and non-harvested nodes, we compared the average connectivity of each type of node and calculated the percentage (%) ...
Feeding Relationships and Symbiosis
... • 6th – Life #8 Describe how organisms may interact with one anther • 7th - Life #2 - Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g. Pr ...
... • 6th – Life #8 Describe how organisms may interact with one anther • 7th - Life #2 - Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g. Pr ...
Ants on the Move: Resource Limitation of a Litter
... each functional group. The Arboreal and Wasmannia groups have been excluded from several analyses because sample sizes were not adequate for the appropriate statistical tests. To rule out the possibility that increases in nest density were purely the result of nest fission instead of nest relocation ...
... each functional group. The Arboreal and Wasmannia groups have been excluded from several analyses because sample sizes were not adequate for the appropriate statistical tests. To rule out the possibility that increases in nest density were purely the result of nest fission instead of nest relocation ...
Ecosystems - Oxford University Press
... more than just one type of food. Diversity in food sources ensures that if one food source becomes scarce, the organism can eat something else. This means a species may be part of many food chains at the same time. These multiple food chains can be linked together in a food web to represent the feed ...
... more than just one type of food. Diversity in food sources ensures that if one food source becomes scarce, the organism can eat something else. This means a species may be part of many food chains at the same time. These multiple food chains can be linked together in a food web to represent the feed ...
Local feeding specialization by badgers
... 1988). Thus, allopatric populations of generalist species (those whose diet varies according to prey availability) may specialize by means of behavioural responses to the different prey abundance they experience. Change in consumer behaviour is one of the factors invoked by Fox and Morrow (1981) to ...
... 1988). Thus, allopatric populations of generalist species (those whose diet varies according to prey availability) may specialize by means of behavioural responses to the different prey abundance they experience. Change in consumer behaviour is one of the factors invoked by Fox and Morrow (1981) to ...
trophic levels and trophic tangles
... chain). A food web with only two trophic levels will show less omnivory because taxa have a higher probability of feeding at a single trophic level. In contrast, when food webs have long food chains, taxa have a higher potential to encounter prey items with a range of trophic positions. The food web ...
... chain). A food web with only two trophic levels will show less omnivory because taxa have a higher probability of feeding at a single trophic level. In contrast, when food webs have long food chains, taxa have a higher potential to encounter prey items with a range of trophic positions. The food web ...
Food sharing in humans and other primates
... PRODUCTION AND SHARING Various models have been put forward to explain the production of shareable food by self-interested foragers.1,3,4,7,8,10,11,19,22,23,29 A broad distinction can be made between the production of public goods, the distribution of which cannot be controlled, and private goods, w ...
... PRODUCTION AND SHARING Various models have been put forward to explain the production of shareable food by self-interested foragers.1,3,4,7,8,10,11,19,22,23,29 A broad distinction can be made between the production of public goods, the distribution of which cannot be controlled, and private goods, w ...
Lesson Overview
... Obtaining Food As the old saying goes, you are what you eat. For animals, we can rephrase that as “how you look and act depends on what and how you eat.” The converse is also true: What and how you eat depends on how you look and act. ...
... Obtaining Food As the old saying goes, you are what you eat. For animals, we can rephrase that as “how you look and act depends on what and how you eat.” The converse is also true: What and how you eat depends on how you look and act. ...
small networks but not small worlds: unique aspects of food web
... speculated they would increase with greater species richness (Schoener 1989), contrary to recent findings that path lengths decrease with increasing species richness (Williams et al. 2001). A great deal of attention has been placed on the power-law, or Òscale-freeÓ distribution of node degrees of ma ...
... speculated they would increase with greater species richness (Schoener 1989), contrary to recent findings that path lengths decrease with increasing species richness (Williams et al. 2001). A great deal of attention has been placed on the power-law, or Òscale-freeÓ distribution of node degrees of ma ...
technical bulletin
... Heat of Soln, cal/g Heat of Formation at 25C, kcal/mole Heat Capacity at 25C cal/g.C ...
... Heat of Soln, cal/g Heat of Formation at 25C, kcal/mole Heat Capacity at 25C cal/g.C ...
Diet choice in an omnivorous salt-marsh crab: different food types
... Studies of consumer diet choice have often focused on organisms whose diet is more or less limited to a single broad category of food. Thus, we have studies of diet choice among predators (Elner and Hughes, 1978; Osenberg and Mittelbach, 1989), herbivores (Milton, 1979; Dearing and Schall, 1992; Pen ...
... Studies of consumer diet choice have often focused on organisms whose diet is more or less limited to a single broad category of food. Thus, we have studies of diet choice among predators (Elner and Hughes, 1978; Osenberg and Mittelbach, 1989), herbivores (Milton, 1979; Dearing and Schall, 1992; Pen ...
Food Web Theory and Ecological Restoration
... if removal of predators does not cause an increase in herbivore biomass this indicates bottom-up control, and we might expect that increasing plant pr~ductivity would produce an increase in herbivore and predator biomass. Simple food chain models have played an important role in ecology by gene rati ...
... if removal of predators does not cause an increase in herbivore biomass this indicates bottom-up control, and we might expect that increasing plant pr~ductivity would produce an increase in herbivore and predator biomass. Simple food chain models have played an important role in ecology by gene rati ...
Pregartner - York College of Pennsylvania
... concentrations. A two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni posttest were used for statisical analysis. Variance in concentration (p-value 0.0007). Means significantly different (*) and nonsignificance (ns). ...
... concentrations. A two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni posttest were used for statisical analysis. Variance in concentration (p-value 0.0007). Means significantly different (*) and nonsignificance (ns). ...
Food Web Stability: The Influence of Trophic Flows across Habitats
... constant across the four scenarios. We make this assumption because we are attempting to simulate allochthonous inputs into consumer (C) and predator levels (P), thus requiring the basal species (R) to be a primary producer. This is motivated by Polis and Hurd’s (1996) study showing that the majorit ...
... constant across the four scenarios. We make this assumption because we are attempting to simulate allochthonous inputs into consumer (C) and predator levels (P), thus requiring the basal species (R) to be a primary producer. This is motivated by Polis and Hurd’s (1996) study showing that the majorit ...
Food webs: reconciling the structure and function of biodiversity
... Incorporating energy flow Weighted networks allow foodweb metrics to include the strength of trophic interactions, and therefore provide an estimate of energy flow through the web. Relationships between energy fluxes and biodiversity have been proposed in the past, notably that systems with larger a ...
... Incorporating energy flow Weighted networks allow foodweb metrics to include the strength of trophic interactions, and therefore provide an estimate of energy flow through the web. Relationships between energy fluxes and biodiversity have been proposed in the past, notably that systems with larger a ...
Chapter 4: Food and Nutrition
... Eating a Variety of Foods Using the Food Guide Pyramid can help you get enough nutrients each day. Many of the foods you eat have ingredients from two or more food groups. A slice of pizza, for example, combines bread, cheese, tomato sauce, and possibly vegetables and meat. Because no single food o ...
... Eating a Variety of Foods Using the Food Guide Pyramid can help you get enough nutrients each day. Many of the foods you eat have ingredients from two or more food groups. A slice of pizza, for example, combines bread, cheese, tomato sauce, and possibly vegetables and meat. Because no single food o ...
CANIS L UPUS, VULPES VULPES
... snow and were subsequently covered in the course of other snowfails. Th us, most winter droppings could be recovered only in early spring, upon snow thawing : ageing of scats was then largely subjective. Therefore, six-month samples (warm season : Jun. through Nov. ; cold season : Dec. through May) ...
... snow and were subsequently covered in the course of other snowfails. Th us, most winter droppings could be recovered only in early spring, upon snow thawing : ageing of scats was then largely subjective. Therefore, six-month samples (warm season : Jun. through Nov. ; cold season : Dec. through May) ...
FOOD WEBS
... context. Change one species and, in time, all the others will change too. (That idea is at the heart of the explanation of why food chains are short, but I am getting ahead of the story.) The idea that species depend on other species, which in turn depend on others, leads to the idea of dynamical ef ...
... context. Change one species and, in time, all the others will change too. (That idea is at the heart of the explanation of why food chains are short, but I am getting ahead of the story.) The idea that species depend on other species, which in turn depend on others, leads to the idea of dynamical ef ...
Local food
Local food or the local food movement is a movement which aims to connect food producers and food consumers in the same geographic region; in order to develop more self-reliant and resilient food networks, improve local economies, or for health, environmental, community, or social impact in a particular place. The term has also been extended to include not only geographic location of supplier and consumer but can also be ""defined in terms of social and supply chain characteristics."" For example, local food initiatives often promote sustainable and organic farming practices, although these are not explicitly related to the geographic proximity of the producer and consumer.Local food represents an alternative to the global food model, a model which often sees food travelling long distances before it reaches the consumer. A local food network involves relationships between food producers, distributors, retailers, and consumers in a particular place where they work together to increase food security and ensure economic, ecological and social sustainability of a community