Comparability: the key to the applicability of food web research
... Mammals and birds are surely easy to classify. The species complexes of frogs and many polyploid plants, among many other cases, may cause problems. But even if we analyse a community where these „problematic” taxa do not live, we surely will find bacteria and they will stop us to realise the „final ...
... Mammals and birds are surely easy to classify. The species complexes of frogs and many polyploid plants, among many other cases, may cause problems. But even if we analyse a community where these „problematic” taxa do not live, we surely will find bacteria and they will stop us to realise the „final ...
The Effects of Simulated Competition on Foraging Behavior in
... forage at the vacant food source. In addition, for all of the trials, the squirrel and chipmunk dolls were left undisturbed. These findings support the suggestion that squirrels compete exploitatively and not through direct interference. Furthermore, the results from trial two, where most of the foo ...
... forage at the vacant food source. In addition, for all of the trials, the squirrel and chipmunk dolls were left undisturbed. These findings support the suggestion that squirrels compete exploitatively and not through direct interference. Furthermore, the results from trial two, where most of the foo ...
Conceptual food web model for Cape Cod Bay, with
... Many factors (Figure 2) influence the dominant food “chain” (Figures 1 and 2) developing in space and time. The chain most directly supporting right whales is a simple, short grazing chain with diatoms species as the food for the preferred zooplankton species. Whales typically visit Cape Cod Bay in ...
... Many factors (Figure 2) influence the dominant food “chain” (Figures 1 and 2) developing in space and time. The chain most directly supporting right whales is a simple, short grazing chain with diatoms species as the food for the preferred zooplankton species. Whales typically visit Cape Cod Bay in ...
feral rabbits at uvic: backgrounder
... (to preserve teaching programs involving threatened indigenous plant species). A narrow strip of land along Gordon Head Road adjacent to the Mt. Tolmie neighbourhood is also an area of management interest. The exact size of the rabbit population at UVic is not known. A precise number is impossible t ...
... (to preserve teaching programs involving threatened indigenous plant species). A narrow strip of land along Gordon Head Road adjacent to the Mt. Tolmie neighbourhood is also an area of management interest. The exact size of the rabbit population at UVic is not known. A precise number is impossible t ...
Dens et al.
... Nilsson et al., 1999; Ross and McMeekin, 1991). The observed dynamics of mixed microbial populations can be highly complex, however. Buchanan and Bagi (1999) demonstrated, for example, that L. monocytogenes grown in co-culture with Pseudomonas fluorescens can attain maximum population densities that ...
... Nilsson et al., 1999; Ross and McMeekin, 1991). The observed dynamics of mixed microbial populations can be highly complex, however. Buchanan and Bagi (1999) demonstrated, for example, that L. monocytogenes grown in co-culture with Pseudomonas fluorescens can attain maximum population densities that ...
why the world is green, the waters are blue and food webs in small
... regions of different productivity. Aquatic systems, especially those of plankton, tend to have much less plant biomass than terrestrial systems, and generally a much higher proportion of the living plant biomass is consumed by herbivores. Thus open-water aquatic systems appear transparent blue or gr ...
... regions of different productivity. Aquatic systems, especially those of plankton, tend to have much less plant biomass than terrestrial systems, and generally a much higher proportion of the living plant biomass is consumed by herbivores. Thus open-water aquatic systems appear transparent blue or gr ...
Aquatic Food Web Interactions - Association for Biology Laboratory
... in natural communities? Elton (1927) explained the restricted number of trophic levels in natural communities using an energetics argument since the total energy coming into a community can only support a limited number of trophic levels because of energy loss in each transfer. (See Pimm 1982 for an ...
... in natural communities? Elton (1927) explained the restricted number of trophic levels in natural communities using an energetics argument since the total energy coming into a community can only support a limited number of trophic levels because of energy loss in each transfer. (See Pimm 1982 for an ...
Effects of Risk Assessment and Energy Expenditure on the Foraging
... All living things need energy to survive. Animals have a variety of mechanisms to acquire energy in the form of food. Organisms may produce their own food, or they may obtain it by consuming another organism. If an individual does not produce their own food they must usually track or scavenge for a ...
... All living things need energy to survive. Animals have a variety of mechanisms to acquire energy in the form of food. Organisms may produce their own food, or they may obtain it by consuming another organism. If an individual does not produce their own food they must usually track or scavenge for a ...
Sweeteners permitted in the European Union: safety aspects
... themselves. However, some consumers interested in maintaining healthy eating habits may limit the intake of these products to avoid displacement of more nutritious foods from the diet. This issue may be of importance for some groups of the population, e.g. children. Bulk sweeteners permitted in the ...
... themselves. However, some consumers interested in maintaining healthy eating habits may limit the intake of these products to avoid displacement of more nutritious foods from the diet. This issue may be of importance for some groups of the population, e.g. children. Bulk sweeteners permitted in the ...
Chapter 4: Aquatic Animals - Green Mountain Conservation Group
... macroinvertebrates found and using their assigned tolerance values, a rough “biotic index” can be calculated and compared to other sites. Based on the biotic index, the stream site is placed in one of three water quality categories: fairly poor, good, or excellent. While the biotic index provides a ...
... macroinvertebrates found and using their assigned tolerance values, a rough “biotic index” can be calculated and compared to other sites. Based on the biotic index, the stream site is placed in one of three water quality categories: fairly poor, good, or excellent. While the biotic index provides a ...
Factors affecting Grey-headed Flying
... redistribution of the remaining habitat into small fragments within a built environment (Forman & Godron 1986; Wilcove et al. 1986). However, urbanization also results in the creation of new habitats, such as parks and gardens, in which both native and exotic flora may be cultivated (Gilbert 1989). ...
... redistribution of the remaining habitat into small fragments within a built environment (Forman & Godron 1986; Wilcove et al. 1986). However, urbanization also results in the creation of new habitats, such as parks and gardens, in which both native and exotic flora may be cultivated (Gilbert 1989). ...
HEALTHY EATING ACTIVITIES C H A
... games, crafts, and tasting challenges so that they will be more likely to make smart choices. Things to remember when doing activities in this section: • Be sure to remind children to wash their hands before snack activities and to wash fruits and vegetables when they are used to prepare snacks. • M ...
... games, crafts, and tasting challenges so that they will be more likely to make smart choices. Things to remember when doing activities in this section: • Be sure to remind children to wash their hands before snack activities and to wash fruits and vegetables when they are used to prepare snacks. • M ...
Food Web Assembly at the Landscape Scale: Using Stable
... nutrient and carbon sources for the different energy channels, especially in coastal environments. Carbon isotopes are useful in discriminating marine from terrestrial sources (Polis and Hurd 1995; Maron and others 2006), especially when the terrestrial plant species are predominantly C3 plants, whi ...
... nutrient and carbon sources for the different energy channels, especially in coastal environments. Carbon isotopes are useful in discriminating marine from terrestrial sources (Polis and Hurd 1995; Maron and others 2006), especially when the terrestrial plant species are predominantly C3 plants, whi ...
The genomics of microbial domestication in the fermented food
... Model of the progression toward microbial domestication. In this model, a species of filamentous fungi has been domesticated (likewise, bacteria or yeast could have alternatively been depicted). The Y axis represents abiotic and biotic variability while the X axis reflects the progression from wild ...
... Model of the progression toward microbial domestication. In this model, a species of filamentous fungi has been domesticated (likewise, bacteria or yeast could have alternatively been depicted). The Y axis represents abiotic and biotic variability while the X axis reflects the progression from wild ...
Asian Carp Invasion Lesson Plan
... There are no North American fishes large enough to eat an adult Asian carp. White pelicans and eagles, however, have been seen feeding on juvenile or smaller adult Asian carp. Largemouth bass have often been observed feeding on small juvenile Asian carp, and many other native predators probably also ...
... There are no North American fishes large enough to eat an adult Asian carp. White pelicans and eagles, however, have been seen feeding on juvenile or smaller adult Asian carp. Largemouth bass have often been observed feeding on small juvenile Asian carp, and many other native predators probably also ...
The structure of marine benthic food webs van Oevelen, Johannes
... Wang et al., 2000), where data inferences can only be made indirectly. The essentials of inverse solutions are treated extensively in these texts. They comprise 1) solution existence, 2) solution identifiability, 3) solution uniqueness and 4) solution sensitivity. These properties reveal important i ...
... Wang et al., 2000), where data inferences can only be made indirectly. The essentials of inverse solutions are treated extensively in these texts. They comprise 1) solution existence, 2) solution identifiability, 3) solution uniqueness and 4) solution sensitivity. These properties reveal important i ...
On the relationship between trophic position, body mass and
... been shown to be a determinant of food chain length in at least in some systems (Arim et al. 2007). In this paper we propose that the recently formulated Metabolic theory of ecology (MTE, Brown et al. 2004) can help to expand and include at least some aspects of food web complexity into the ELH. A s ...
... been shown to be a determinant of food chain length in at least in some systems (Arim et al. 2007). In this paper we propose that the recently formulated Metabolic theory of ecology (MTE, Brown et al. 2004) can help to expand and include at least some aspects of food web complexity into the ELH. A s ...
On the relationship between trophic position, body mass and
... been shown to be a determinant of food chain length in at least in some systems (Arim et al. 2007). In this paper we propose that the recently formulated Metabolic theory of ecology (MTE, Brown et al. 2004) can help to expand and include at least some aspects of food web complexity into the ELH. A s ...
... been shown to be a determinant of food chain length in at least in some systems (Arim et al. 2007). In this paper we propose that the recently formulated Metabolic theory of ecology (MTE, Brown et al. 2004) can help to expand and include at least some aspects of food web complexity into the ELH. A s ...
Abstract book
... fomites. Critical points can be indicated for contamination of foods at risk. (1)Contamination of water sources with enteric viruses. Water-related diseases are associated with drinking, recreational water, and those used for agricultural practices (crop irrigation, food processing). Norovirus outbr ...
... fomites. Critical points can be indicated for contamination of foods at risk. (1)Contamination of water sources with enteric viruses. Water-related diseases are associated with drinking, recreational water, and those used for agricultural practices (crop irrigation, food processing). Norovirus outbr ...
Ecology - Make Me Genius
... species - a group of hardy organisms, such as lichens, found in the primary stage of succession and that begin an area's soil-building process Climax community - stable, end stage of ecological succession in which the plants and animals of a community use resources efficiently and balance is maint ...
... species - a group of hardy organisms, such as lichens, found in the primary stage of succession and that begin an area's soil-building process Climax community - stable, end stage of ecological succession in which the plants and animals of a community use resources efficiently and balance is maint ...
Palette of Our Palates: A Brief History of Food Coloring and Its
... It looked like 1993 would be the year of clear. Color was out; clear was in. Pepsi launched a huge national rollout of its brand new clear soda, Crystal Pepsi. In ads, as Van Halen’s hit song “Right Now” played, the drink was touted as the “Clear Alternative to Cola.”1 One survey rated it as the bes ...
... It looked like 1993 would be the year of clear. Color was out; clear was in. Pepsi launched a huge national rollout of its brand new clear soda, Crystal Pepsi. In ads, as Van Halen’s hit song “Right Now” played, the drink was touted as the “Clear Alternative to Cola.”1 One survey rated it as the bes ...
Food selection and habitat preferences in deep-sea fishes
... organisms in the stomachs were taken as sufficient evidence of predation on that particular species. The relative frequency of each food item in all stomachs analysed was calculated. In addition, the total number of identifiable prey per stomach was calculated for the most common fish species. The r ...
... organisms in the stomachs were taken as sufficient evidence of predation on that particular species. The relative frequency of each food item in all stomachs analysed was calculated. In addition, the total number of identifiable prey per stomach was calculated for the most common fish species. The r ...
Understanding food‐web persistence from local to global scales
... have heretofore been unable to address if there is a dynamic justification for why a particular module appears with greater or less frequency (Prill et al. 2005). Importantly, many conclusions about food-web dynamics have been reached through investigations conducted exclusively at the reduced scale ...
... have heretofore been unable to address if there is a dynamic justification for why a particular module appears with greater or less frequency (Prill et al. 2005). Importantly, many conclusions about food-web dynamics have been reached through investigations conducted exclusively at the reduced scale ...
Teacher`s version - EnvLit - Michigan State University
... The reason for the pattern of plants beginning every food chain can then be considered and the idea developed that the plants are the living things that can use light as a source of energy while other living things need to take in food as their energy source. A label with ‘light’ can be added to th ...
... The reason for the pattern of plants beginning every food chain can then be considered and the idea developed that the plants are the living things that can use light as a source of energy while other living things need to take in food as their energy source. A label with ‘light’ can be added to th ...
safety assessment report - Food Standards Australia New Zealand
... investigated and it was concluded that α-cyclodextrin is unlikely to affect the absorption of fat-soluble nutrients (fat-soluble vitamins and lipids). The nutrition assessment also concluded that there is sufficient evidence to indicate that α-cyclodextrin is largely indigestible in the small intest ...
... investigated and it was concluded that α-cyclodextrin is unlikely to affect the absorption of fat-soluble nutrients (fat-soluble vitamins and lipids). The nutrition assessment also concluded that there is sufficient evidence to indicate that α-cyclodextrin is largely indigestible in the small intest ...
Local food
Local food or the local food movement is a movement which aims to connect food producers and food consumers in the same geographic region; in order to develop more self-reliant and resilient food networks, improve local economies, or for health, environmental, community, or social impact in a particular place. The term has also been extended to include not only geographic location of supplier and consumer but can also be ""defined in terms of social and supply chain characteristics."" For example, local food initiatives often promote sustainable and organic farming practices, although these are not explicitly related to the geographic proximity of the producer and consumer.Local food represents an alternative to the global food model, a model which often sees food travelling long distances before it reaches the consumer. A local food network involves relationships between food producers, distributors, retailers, and consumers in a particular place where they work together to increase food security and ensure economic, ecological and social sustainability of a community