Ecology and evolution
... to be 20 inches (50 cm) long and lay 200,000 eggs per day. (5) Pinworms migrate outside the colon during the night to lay their eggs around the anus. This causes the nightly itching of many unsuspecting victims. ...
... to be 20 inches (50 cm) long and lay 200,000 eggs per day. (5) Pinworms migrate outside the colon during the night to lay their eggs around the anus. This causes the nightly itching of many unsuspecting victims. ...
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Feeding of detritivores in
... classes.. Firstly, the organism needs energy for activity and internal maintenance. The needd for energy can be satisfied by a variety of compounds that are oxidized and thereforee is called a non-specific need. Secondly, heterotrophic organisms need a supply off specific substances for synthesis of ...
... classes.. Firstly, the organism needs energy for activity and internal maintenance. The needd for energy can be satisfied by a variety of compounds that are oxidized and thereforee is called a non-specific need. Secondly, heterotrophic organisms need a supply off specific substances for synthesis of ...
Plasticity of Communication in Nonhuman Primates
... produce wahoos at higher rates and for longer duration bouts than subordinate males, and call structure changes with rank as well. Both fundamental frequency and call duration are positively correlated with male rank. The finding of higher fundamental frequency with increased rank is different from ...
... produce wahoos at higher rates and for longer duration bouts than subordinate males, and call structure changes with rank as well. Both fundamental frequency and call duration are positively correlated with male rank. The finding of higher fundamental frequency with increased rank is different from ...
Parasites dominate food web links
... Kevin D. Lafferty†‡§, Andrew P. Dobson¶, and Armand M. Kuris‡ †Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, and ‡Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106; and ¶Department of Ecology and Evolutiona ...
... Kevin D. Lafferty†‡§, Andrew P. Dobson¶, and Armand M. Kuris‡ †Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, and ‡Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106; and ¶Department of Ecology and Evolutiona ...
15. sibling competition and the evolution of brood size
... al. 1997). Furthermore, requirements are not absolute. Rather, above a minimum threshold required for survival, additional food consumption by nestlings is thought to contribute incrementally to fitness at a diminishing rate. Presumably, the female parent controls the number of nestlings per brood, ...
... al. 1997). Furthermore, requirements are not absolute. Rather, above a minimum threshold required for survival, additional food consumption by nestlings is thought to contribute incrementally to fitness at a diminishing rate. Presumably, the female parent controls the number of nestlings per brood, ...
View PDF - International Association for Bear Research
... tolerated. On the other hand, the drastic reduction in Several biological characteristicsof bears indicate grizzly bear distributionin the 19th and 20th centuries vast spatial requirements.Home ranges of individual indicatesthatmany humanactivities are not compatible bears are large. Sumner and Crai ...
... tolerated. On the other hand, the drastic reduction in Several biological characteristicsof bears indicate grizzly bear distributionin the 19th and 20th centuries vast spatial requirements.Home ranges of individual indicatesthatmany humanactivities are not compatible bears are large. Sumner and Crai ...
Climate change and unequal phenological changes
... higher trophic level is affected by the phenological changes of their food (bottom-up), without taking into account that the consumers are also prey for other species at higher trophic levels, that is, their predators (but see Philippart et al. 2003). In this contribution, we want to work out how ph ...
... higher trophic level is affected by the phenological changes of their food (bottom-up), without taking into account that the consumers are also prey for other species at higher trophic levels, that is, their predators (but see Philippart et al. 2003). In this contribution, we want to work out how ph ...
Current food web models cannot explain the overall topological
... larger than but not too much larger than-their prey (Warren and Lawton 1987, Cohen et al. 1993, 2003), and in many systems phylogenetically-related species have similar diets (Cattin et al. 2004). Current models correctly predict many measures of food web topology using only two input parameters, ...
... larger than but not too much larger than-their prey (Warren and Lawton 1987, Cohen et al. 1993, 2003), and in many systems phylogenetically-related species have similar diets (Cattin et al. 2004). Current models correctly predict many measures of food web topology using only two input parameters, ...
Get cached
... make this a reality. Thanks also go to the rest of the Farallones Marine Sanctuary Association, Gulf of the Farallones NMS, and Cordell Bank NMS staff who contributed their knowledge, ideas, and love of the Sanctuary. For the Oceanography Unit, Toby Garfield at San Francisco State University contrib ...
... make this a reality. Thanks also go to the rest of the Farallones Marine Sanctuary Association, Gulf of the Farallones NMS, and Cordell Bank NMS staff who contributed their knowledge, ideas, and love of the Sanctuary. For the Oceanography Unit, Toby Garfield at San Francisco State University contrib ...
Bust economics: foragers choose high quality habitats in
... The physiological adaptations of desert-dwelling mammals have been much studied (Degen et al., 1997; Geiser, 2004; Schwimmer & Haim, 2009), but the behavioral responses of these mammals to arid environments are less well known. Large species such as giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) can move long dis ...
... The physiological adaptations of desert-dwelling mammals have been much studied (Degen et al., 1997; Geiser, 2004; Schwimmer & Haim, 2009), but the behavioral responses of these mammals to arid environments are less well known. Large species such as giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) can move long dis ...
Reliable flows and preferred patterns in food webs
... Reliability theory is a branch of engineering sciences. It deals with the successful operation of complex systems and machines under given conditions, over a given period of time. Reliability is the probability of a successful operation (Barlow and Proschan, 1965). Reliability theory describes relia ...
... Reliability theory is a branch of engineering sciences. It deals with the successful operation of complex systems and machines under given conditions, over a given period of time. Reliability is the probability of a successful operation (Barlow and Proschan, 1965). Reliability theory describes relia ...
Productivity and carbon transfer in pelagic food webs
... constitute the total basal C resource for the pelagic aquatic food web, but also influence ecosystem function and biogeochemical cycles. In this thesis I studied how N, P, C and light affect the relative and absolute rates of PPr and BP, along a wide latitudinal and trophic gradient using published ...
... constitute the total basal C resource for the pelagic aquatic food web, but also influence ecosystem function and biogeochemical cycles. In this thesis I studied how N, P, C and light affect the relative and absolute rates of PPr and BP, along a wide latitudinal and trophic gradient using published ...
Invasion of a stream food web by a new top predator
... from the early webs (Paine 1988; Hall & Raffaelli 1993; Polis 1994). Notable shortcomings of many original food webs are that they are merely subsets of larger webs, some infer the presence of feeding links (see Cohen 1978) and most are poorly resolved taxonomically, particularly among the lower tro ...
... from the early webs (Paine 1988; Hall & Raffaelli 1993; Polis 1994). Notable shortcomings of many original food webs are that they are merely subsets of larger webs, some infer the presence of feeding links (see Cohen 1978) and most are poorly resolved taxonomically, particularly among the lower tro ...
The ecological effects of providing resource subsidies to predators
... part on the efficiency with which top predators can suppress mesopredators and exploit their prey (Power, 1992). Although many factors are likely to affect predator interactions, there is emerging recognition that in human-influenced systems food subsidies may be particularly important (Ripple et al ...
... part on the efficiency with which top predators can suppress mesopredators and exploit their prey (Power, 1992). Although many factors are likely to affect predator interactions, there is emerging recognition that in human-influenced systems food subsidies may be particularly important (Ripple et al ...
EOC notecard review - week of 03.28.16.notebook
... #172 AUTOTROPH organism which can chemically produce their own food. #173 FOOD PYRAMID successive levels of predation in a food chain. ...
... #172 AUTOTROPH organism which can chemically produce their own food. #173 FOOD PYRAMID successive levels of predation in a food chain. ...
Zooplankton growth and trophic linkages: Towe Holmborn
... and metabolic status in copepods (papers I, II). This approach could, for example, provide us with useful analytical tools for assessments of in situ zooplankton growth and nutrition, which are necessary for evaluating fish feeding conditions and to refine food web models. ...
... and metabolic status in copepods (papers I, II). This approach could, for example, provide us with useful analytical tools for assessments of in situ zooplankton growth and nutrition, which are necessary for evaluating fish feeding conditions and to refine food web models. ...
Commercial Frog Farming
... region of the country to another. Climate often limits aquacultural enterprises. The growing season for frogs is longer in tropical than temperate climates, therefore the potential for frog farming may be better in South America or Louisiana than in Virginia or other temperate climate states. Clearl ...
... region of the country to another. Climate often limits aquacultural enterprises. The growing season for frogs is longer in tropical than temperate climates, therefore the potential for frog farming may be better in South America or Louisiana than in Virginia or other temperate climate states. Clearl ...
Coral reefs in crisis: The reliability of deep-time food web
... years of data, a temporal resolution which is likely much finer than any available in the fossil record. Comparison to sub-fossil and archaeological data from Jamaica, however, suggest that compositionally the data would be congruent with fossil data time-averaged on at least a millennial scale [55] ...
... years of data, a temporal resolution which is likely much finer than any available in the fossil record. Comparison to sub-fossil and archaeological data from Jamaica, however, suggest that compositionally the data would be congruent with fossil data time-averaged on at least a millennial scale [55] ...
grizzly bears - ConocoPhillips Alaska
... gas activity on the North Slope, bears have caused no human fatalities or serious injuries — in spite of numerous close encounters. Potential impacts on bears in the oilfields include: (a) opening access for uncontrolled hunting in a previously inaccessible area, (b) allowing bears to obtain anthrop ...
... gas activity on the North Slope, bears have caused no human fatalities or serious injuries — in spite of numerous close encounters. Potential impacts on bears in the oilfields include: (a) opening access for uncontrolled hunting in a previously inaccessible area, (b) allowing bears to obtain anthrop ...
Adaptive omnivory and species coexistence in tri
... (i.e., when inequality (2) is replaced by equality) then both food types are included in the predator’s diet regardless of other parameters (see Appendix B in Křivan, 1996). Thus, this case converges to the situation where predators are omnivorous generalists, which is studied in the next section. ...
... (i.e., when inequality (2) is replaced by equality) then both food types are included in the predator’s diet regardless of other parameters (see Appendix B in Křivan, 1996). Thus, this case converges to the situation where predators are omnivorous generalists, which is studied in the next section. ...
The diet of the spiny-cheek crayfish Orconectes limosus in the
... structure, nutritional values, or plant chemical defenses [7,16-18]. According to Nyström and Strand [19] and Cronin et al. [18], crayfish prefer newly budding or finely branching plants to those that are well grown and rigid. When foraging on submerged and emerged macrophytes, crayfish may cause ch ...
... structure, nutritional values, or plant chemical defenses [7,16-18]. According to Nyström and Strand [19] and Cronin et al. [18], crayfish prefer newly budding or finely branching plants to those that are well grown and rigid. When foraging on submerged and emerged macrophytes, crayfish may cause ch ...
SHELLFISH AQUACULTURE - In Praise of Sustainable Economies
... 1999. This growth is primarily due to aquaculture (Anderson 2002). As the global population continues to grow, demand and production of food, especially seafood from aquaculture will continue to be an essential element in the future of our food security. Unfortunately and quite unfairly, aquaculture ...
... 1999. This growth is primarily due to aquaculture (Anderson 2002). As the global population continues to grow, demand and production of food, especially seafood from aquaculture will continue to be an essential element in the future of our food security. Unfortunately and quite unfairly, aquaculture ...
Recent advances in ecological stoichiometry: insights for population
... growth might increase because of higher food availability per individual. Third, such density-dependent responses in demographic rates can be further complicated by feedback links from consumer population density to food quality (nutrient:C): low food quality may change the density dependence of rep ...
... growth might increase because of higher food availability per individual. Third, such density-dependent responses in demographic rates can be further complicated by feedback links from consumer population density to food quality (nutrient:C): low food quality may change the density dependence of rep ...
Recent advances in ecological stoichiometry: insights for population
... growth might increase because of higher food availability per individual. Third, such density-dependent responses in demographic rates can be further complicated by feedback links from consumer population density to food quality (nutrient:C): low food quality may change the density dependence of rep ...
... growth might increase because of higher food availability per individual. Third, such density-dependent responses in demographic rates can be further complicated by feedback links from consumer population density to food quality (nutrient:C): low food quality may change the density dependence of rep ...
Body-mass constraints on foraging behaviour determine population
... ecology describing patterns in abundance and body mass across species and ecosystems and the more process oriented foraging ecology addressing interactions and quantitative population dynamics. However, this dichotomy is arbitrary, because body mass also determines most species traits affecting fora ...
... ecology describing patterns in abundance and body mass across species and ecosystems and the more process oriented foraging ecology addressing interactions and quantitative population dynamics. However, this dichotomy is arbitrary, because body mass also determines most species traits affecting fora ...
Local food
Local food or the local food movement is a movement which aims to connect food producers and food consumers in the same geographic region; in order to develop more self-reliant and resilient food networks, improve local economies, or for health, environmental, community, or social impact in a particular place. The term has also been extended to include not only geographic location of supplier and consumer but can also be ""defined in terms of social and supply chain characteristics."" For example, local food initiatives often promote sustainable and organic farming practices, although these are not explicitly related to the geographic proximity of the producer and consumer.Local food represents an alternative to the global food model, a model which often sees food travelling long distances before it reaches the consumer. A local food network involves relationships between food producers, distributors, retailers, and consumers in a particular place where they work together to increase food security and ensure economic, ecological and social sustainability of a community