CHAPTER TWO - Test Bank 1
... 27. Juan’s toe was severed and was quickly sewn back on by a surgeon. As a result, he regained some function and feeling in his toe. Which of the following are responsible for Juan’s ability to regain function and feeling in his toe? a) myelin Incorrect. Myelin speeds up the neural impulse. b) glial ...
... 27. Juan’s toe was severed and was quickly sewn back on by a surgeon. As a result, he regained some function and feeling in his toe. Which of the following are responsible for Juan’s ability to regain function and feeling in his toe? a) myelin Incorrect. Myelin speeds up the neural impulse. b) glial ...
Diversity of laminar connections linking periarcuate and
... procedures, we showed that laminar-specific connections between distinct prefrontal (areas 46 and 8) and lateral intraparietal (LIPv, LIPd and 7a) areas in Macaca mulatta, studied with neural tracers, varied systematically according to rules determined by the laminar architecture of the linked areas ...
... procedures, we showed that laminar-specific connections between distinct prefrontal (areas 46 and 8) and lateral intraparietal (LIPv, LIPd and 7a) areas in Macaca mulatta, studied with neural tracers, varied systematically according to rules determined by the laminar architecture of the linked areas ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... a) positive compared to Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, the inside is more negatively charged. d) smaller than ANS: a, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (3) APA=1.1 33. When a neuron fires, it f ...
... a) positive compared to Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, the inside is more negatively charged. d) smaller than ANS: a, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (3) APA=1.1 33. When a neuron fires, it f ...
Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions
... Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions related to psychiatric disorders Albert Batalla Cases ...
... Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human brain: gene-environment interactions related to psychiatric disorders Albert Batalla Cases ...
The ventral striatum - Brain imaging of Parkinson`s disease
... neurons of ventral striatum contribute to these functions. How is the basic information represented in the neuronal activity in this structure? How is this modified in a specific context of choice or decision-making? What could be the relative contribution of ventral striatum in comparison with othe ...
... neurons of ventral striatum contribute to these functions. How is the basic information represented in the neuronal activity in this structure? How is this modified in a specific context of choice or decision-making? What could be the relative contribution of ventral striatum in comparison with othe ...
Electrophysiological markers of Rapid Eye Movements in
... differences in consciousness. Reports of conscious experiences (dreams) are more frequent and vivid following awakening from REM sleep compared with NREM sleep (Tononi and Massimini 2008; Nir and Tononi 2010). Despite being one of the prominent features of REM sleep, REMs are not present continuousl ...
... differences in consciousness. Reports of conscious experiences (dreams) are more frequent and vivid following awakening from REM sleep compared with NREM sleep (Tononi and Massimini 2008; Nir and Tononi 2010). Despite being one of the prominent features of REM sleep, REMs are not present continuousl ...
the human entorhinal cortex
... The study of medial temporal lobe structures has been revolutionized during the last half century. The beginning of this revolution was due partly to patient called HM, who underwent surgery for epilepsy during which the medial portions of the temporal lobes were removed bilaterally (Scoville and Mi ...
... The study of medial temporal lobe structures has been revolutionized during the last half century. The beginning of this revolution was due partly to patient called HM, who underwent surgery for epilepsy during which the medial portions of the temporal lobes were removed bilaterally (Scoville and Mi ...
Full-Text PDF
... implicit level and another on an explicit level [28–32]. Whereas the cerebellum has been associated with information processing on an implicit level in other functional domains [33–35], it has been described as being involved in the implicit and explicit components of the emotional domain [36,37]. I ...
... implicit level and another on an explicit level [28–32]. Whereas the cerebellum has been associated with information processing on an implicit level in other functional domains [33–35], it has been described as being involved in the implicit and explicit components of the emotional domain [36,37]. I ...
Validation of hippocampal volumes measured using a
... regional brain volumes. Skull growth occurs along the suture lines and is determined by brain expansion, which takes place during normal growth of the brain [28], so the ICV represents the size of the brain at maximal maturity unaffected by age or disease-related atrophy. To measure the ICV, the ori ...
... regional brain volumes. Skull growth occurs along the suture lines and is determined by brain expansion, which takes place during normal growth of the brain [28], so the ICV represents the size of the brain at maximal maturity unaffected by age or disease-related atrophy. To measure the ICV, the ori ...
Rewarding properties of sildenafil citrate in mice
... and guanylyl cyclase inhibitor MB on sildenafilinduced place preference conditioning was assessed. In the first part of the experiment, animals received saline (10 ml/ kg, i.p.), MB (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, i.p.), or L-NAME (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before confinement to the conditioning appara ...
... and guanylyl cyclase inhibitor MB on sildenafilinduced place preference conditioning was assessed. In the first part of the experiment, animals received saline (10 ml/ kg, i.p.), MB (0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg, i.p.), or L-NAME (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before confinement to the conditioning appara ...
Abstract of “Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
... functionally different types of neurons have been identified in FEF. Movement neurons begin to fire approximately 50ms before the initiation of a saccadic eye movement (Bruce and Goldberg, 1985; Thompson et al., 1996). These neurons are thought to influence eye movements through projections to the s ...
... functionally different types of neurons have been identified in FEF. Movement neurons begin to fire approximately 50ms before the initiation of a saccadic eye movement (Bruce and Goldberg, 1985; Thompson et al., 1996). These neurons are thought to influence eye movements through projections to the s ...
Dynamics of sensory processing in the dual olfactory pathway of the
... mixtures at the AL output (Galizia and Kimmerle 2004; Krofczik et al. 2008; Yamagata et al. 2009). 3.2. Characteristic differences of lateral and median uniglomerular projection neurons Based on intracellular recording and staining of uniglomerular projection neurons, Müller et al. (2002) reported t ...
... mixtures at the AL output (Galizia and Kimmerle 2004; Krofczik et al. 2008; Yamagata et al. 2009). 3.2. Characteristic differences of lateral and median uniglomerular projection neurons Based on intracellular recording and staining of uniglomerular projection neurons, Müller et al. (2002) reported t ...
Voluntary Movement: The Primary Motor Cortex
... organizes the stream of incoming sensory information to guide voluntary movement. Voluntary movements differ from reflexes and basic locomotor rhythms in several important ways. By definition they are intentional—they are initiated by an internal decision to act—whereas reflexes are automatically tr ...
... organizes the stream of incoming sensory information to guide voluntary movement. Voluntary movements differ from reflexes and basic locomotor rhythms in several important ways. By definition they are intentional—they are initiated by an internal decision to act—whereas reflexes are automatically tr ...
Different Orientation Tuning of Near- and Far
... al., 1999; Girard et al., 2001) of intra-V1 horizontal axons, instead, suggest they contribute only to near-surround modulation. Surround suppression in the LGN (Sceniak et al., 2006; Alitto and Usrey, 2008) also contributes to near-surround suppression in V1 (Ozeki et al., 2004). In human vision, s ...
... al., 1999; Girard et al., 2001) of intra-V1 horizontal axons, instead, suggest they contribute only to near-surround modulation. Surround suppression in the LGN (Sceniak et al., 2006; Alitto and Usrey, 2008) also contributes to near-surround suppression in V1 (Ozeki et al., 2004). In human vision, s ...
Synaptic plasticity: taming the beast
... total level of synaptic efficacy. A frequent approach in neural network models is to globally adjust all the synapses onto each postsynaptic neuron based on its level of activity3. The adjustment can take two forms, depending on whether the synapses to a particular neuron are changed by the same amo ...
... total level of synaptic efficacy. A frequent approach in neural network models is to globally adjust all the synapses onto each postsynaptic neuron based on its level of activity3. The adjustment can take two forms, depending on whether the synapses to a particular neuron are changed by the same amo ...
CNS 424 Block Educational Framework (Week 1)
... Describe the tolerance and dependence to hallucinogens Outline the toxicity of hallucinogens Steroids abuse and dependence Describe the main features of steroid abuse and dependence. Psychostimulants abuse and dependence Describe the pharmacology of cocaine and amphetamines Describe the tolerance an ...
... Describe the tolerance and dependence to hallucinogens Outline the toxicity of hallucinogens Steroids abuse and dependence Describe the main features of steroid abuse and dependence. Psychostimulants abuse and dependence Describe the pharmacology of cocaine and amphetamines Describe the tolerance an ...
Hands Up: Attentional Prioritization of Space Near the Hand
... not respond to a visual stimulus in the same retinotopic position but will respond to a visual stimulus presented near the hand’s new location. Thus, these neurons are said to represent the position of stimuli relative to the hand. In other words, they represent an object’s position in hand-centered ...
... not respond to a visual stimulus in the same retinotopic position but will respond to a visual stimulus presented near the hand’s new location. Thus, these neurons are said to represent the position of stimuli relative to the hand. In other words, they represent an object’s position in hand-centered ...
View PDF - MRC Brain Network Dynamics Unit
... these circuits) remains obscure. Single units alone are inadequate for investigating population activity because they represent only one level of functional organization of a given brain area and thus reflect only a limited part of the information processing (Bullock 1997; Pesaran et al. 2002). This ...
... these circuits) remains obscure. Single units alone are inadequate for investigating population activity because they represent only one level of functional organization of a given brain area and thus reflect only a limited part of the information processing (Bullock 1997; Pesaran et al. 2002). This ...
Spatial and Temporal Structure of Receptive Fields in Primate
... features to be transmitted to the skin. Control studies showed that the firing rates, response structures, and RFs of most area 3b neurons were unaffected by the latex intermediate (J. J. DiC arlo and K . O. Johnson, unpublished observations). RFs estimated in the same scanning direction with and wi ...
... features to be transmitted to the skin. Control studies showed that the firing rates, response structures, and RFs of most area 3b neurons were unaffected by the latex intermediate (J. J. DiC arlo and K . O. Johnson, unpublished observations). RFs estimated in the same scanning direction with and wi ...
Selectivity for the Shape, Size, and Orientation of Objects for
... We recorded single-unit activities from the anterior part of the lateral bank of the intraparietal sulcus (area AIP) and its surrounding areas. We recorded activities of 182 hand-manipulation-related neurons from seven hemispheres of four monkeys. We classified these neurons into three classes accor ...
... We recorded single-unit activities from the anterior part of the lateral bank of the intraparietal sulcus (area AIP) and its surrounding areas. We recorded activities of 182 hand-manipulation-related neurons from seven hemispheres of four monkeys. We classified these neurons into three classes accor ...
Chapter 3
... b. autonomic nervous system. c. peripheral nervous system. d. somatic nervous system. ...
... b. autonomic nervous system. c. peripheral nervous system. d. somatic nervous system. ...
Selectivity for the Shape, Size, and Orientation of Objects for
... shapes, sizes, and orientations. We studied the activity of 132 task-related neurons during the hand-manipulation tasks in the light and in the dark, as well as during object fixation. Seventy-seven percent (101/132) of the hand-manipulation-related neurons were visually responsive, showing either l ...
... shapes, sizes, and orientations. We studied the activity of 132 task-related neurons during the hand-manipulation tasks in the light and in the dark, as well as during object fixation. Seventy-seven percent (101/132) of the hand-manipulation-related neurons were visually responsive, showing either l ...
i BASAL GANGLIA PATHWAYS: BEYOND THE CLOSED
... Neuroscience Institute at the University of Pittsburgh. I would like to thank them for creating a great scientific environment for my graduate training. I am especially grateful to Richard Dum for his patience in teaching me the surgical and data analysis skills needed for this work and for his invo ...
... Neuroscience Institute at the University of Pittsburgh. I would like to thank them for creating a great scientific environment for my graduate training. I am especially grateful to Richard Dum for his patience in teaching me the surgical and data analysis skills needed for this work and for his invo ...
Viktor`s Notes * Optic Nerve and Visual Pathways Disorders
... PSYCHOGENIC VISUAL LOSS ................................................................................................................ 15 ...
... PSYCHOGENIC VISUAL LOSS ................................................................................................................ 15 ...
Time perception
Time perception is a field of study within psychology and neuroscience that refers to the subjective experience of time, which is measured by someone's own perception of the duration of the indefinite and continuous unfolding of events. The perceived time interval between two successive events is referred to as perceived duration. Another person's perception of time cannot be directly experienced or understood, but it can be objectively studied and inferred through a number of scientific experiments. Time perception is a construction of the brain that is manipulable and distortable under certain circumstances. These temporal illusions help to expose the underlying neural mechanisms of time perception.Pioneering work, emphasizing species-specific differences, was conducted by Karl Ernst von Baer. Experimental work began under the influence of the psycho-physical notions of Gustav Theodor Fechner with studies of the relationship between perceived and measured time.