Exocytosis through the lens
... Regulated exocytosis is a fundamental process of multicellular life, permitting cells with diverse functions, and properties to act in a coordinated manner. In vertebrates, this cell–cell communication occurs over short distances and between small numbers of cells, for example in neurons, or over lo ...
... Regulated exocytosis is a fundamental process of multicellular life, permitting cells with diverse functions, and properties to act in a coordinated manner. In vertebrates, this cell–cell communication occurs over short distances and between small numbers of cells, for example in neurons, or over lo ...
Opposite rheological properties of neuronal microcompartments
... To date, a unifying model of axonal degeneration considers that nerve insults lead to impaired expression of a local axonal survival factor, which results in increased intra-axonal calcium levels and calcium-dependent cytoskeletal breakdown7. Damage to neurofilaments and microtubules typical of axon ...
... To date, a unifying model of axonal degeneration considers that nerve insults lead to impaired expression of a local axonal survival factor, which results in increased intra-axonal calcium levels and calcium-dependent cytoskeletal breakdown7. Damage to neurofilaments and microtubules typical of axon ...
Primate Red Nucleus Discharge Encodes the Dynamics of Limb
... To study the modulation of the control signals represented by the discharge of single RNm neurons, we used two different types of limb movement tasks. During the free-form tasks, all of the implanted muscles became active in some phase of the movement with a wide variety of patterns of activation ac ...
... To study the modulation of the control signals represented by the discharge of single RNm neurons, we used two different types of limb movement tasks. During the free-form tasks, all of the implanted muscles became active in some phase of the movement with a wide variety of patterns of activation ac ...
Chapter 3 - University of South Alabama
... Neurons that transmit commands from the CNS to the muscles, glands, and organs Revision 2006 PSB ...
... Neurons that transmit commands from the CNS to the muscles, glands, and organs Revision 2006 PSB ...
Unit One: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
... lateral spread of excitatory signals and therefore, increases the degree of contrast in the sensory pattern perceived in the cerebral cortex c. In the dorsal column lateral inhibition signals occur at each synaptic level ...
... lateral spread of excitatory signals and therefore, increases the degree of contrast in the sensory pattern perceived in the cerebral cortex c. In the dorsal column lateral inhibition signals occur at each synaptic level ...
Kiecker and Lumsden - McLoon Lab
... The foundation for the anatomical and functional complexity of the vertebrate central nervous system is laid during embryogenesis. After Spemann’s organizer and its derivatives have endowed the neural plate with a coarse pattern along its anteroposterior and mediolateral axes, this basis is progress ...
... The foundation for the anatomical and functional complexity of the vertebrate central nervous system is laid during embryogenesis. After Spemann’s organizer and its derivatives have endowed the neural plate with a coarse pattern along its anteroposterior and mediolateral axes, this basis is progress ...
Neurobilogy of Sleep
... sleep, whereas neurons near the hypothalamusmidbrain junction helped promote wakefulness. ...
... sleep, whereas neurons near the hypothalamusmidbrain junction helped promote wakefulness. ...
- Orange Coast College
... Bipolar sensory neurons located within olfactory epithelium are pseudostratified. ...
... Bipolar sensory neurons located within olfactory epithelium are pseudostratified. ...
ARCHITECTONICS AND STRUCTURE OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
... every line of research on the cerebral cortex and even experimental physiology has been deeply influenced by them. Thus it has come about that in one of the latest books on anatomy of the nervous system666 the intimate structure of the cortex is described in but a few words, although many pages are ...
... every line of research on the cerebral cortex and even experimental physiology has been deeply influenced by them. Thus it has come about that in one of the latest books on anatomy of the nervous system666 the intimate structure of the cortex is described in but a few words, although many pages are ...
Sequencing the connectome. - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
... current sequencing cost as follows. The mouse cortex consists of about 4x106 neurons [22]. Suppose that each cortical neuron connects to about 103 other cortical neurons, so that there are 4x106 x 103 = 4x109 connections. If we assume that each barcode is 20 nucleotides, then we have 4x109 connectio ...
... current sequencing cost as follows. The mouse cortex consists of about 4x106 neurons [22]. Suppose that each cortical neuron connects to about 103 other cortical neurons, so that there are 4x106 x 103 = 4x109 connections. If we assume that each barcode is 20 nucleotides, then we have 4x109 connectio ...
Developmental origin of shark electrosensory organs
... spatiotemporal pattern of EphA4 expression Although formation of mechanosensory epidermal placodes has been described in chondrichthyans and osteichthyans (Johnson 1917; Northcutt et al. 1995; Gibbs and Northcutt 2004), the question of how neural crest cells and axons are guided to specific topograp ...
... spatiotemporal pattern of EphA4 expression Although formation of mechanosensory epidermal placodes has been described in chondrichthyans and osteichthyans (Johnson 1917; Northcutt et al. 1995; Gibbs and Northcutt 2004), the question of how neural crest cells and axons are guided to specific topograp ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory
... • Neural basis of memory: principles learned from invertebrate studies – Learning and memory can result from modifications of synaptic transmission – Synaptic modifications can be triggered by conversion of neural activity into intracellular second messengers ...
... • Neural basis of memory: principles learned from invertebrate studies – Learning and memory can result from modifications of synaptic transmission – Synaptic modifications can be triggered by conversion of neural activity into intracellular second messengers ...
Molecular Analysis of Developmental Plasticity in Neocortex
... al., 1994). Many IEGs such as zif268 and CREB encode transcription factors that subsequently activate additional downstream genes containing specific regulatory elements in their promoters. For example, CREB can induce transcription of any gene that contains a cAMP-responsive element (CRE). It has b ...
... al., 1994). Many IEGs such as zif268 and CREB encode transcription factors that subsequently activate additional downstream genes containing specific regulatory elements in their promoters. For example, CREB can induce transcription of any gene that contains a cAMP-responsive element (CRE). It has b ...
Chapter 2 - IFSC-USP
... generated by receptor potentials or by synaptic potentials. In the laboratory, however, electrical current suitable for initiating an action potential can be readily produced by inserting a second microelectrode into the same neuron and then connecting the electrode to a battery (Figure 2.2A). If th ...
... generated by receptor potentials or by synaptic potentials. In the laboratory, however, electrical current suitable for initiating an action potential can be readily produced by inserting a second microelectrode into the same neuron and then connecting the electrode to a battery (Figure 2.2A). If th ...
Ch19 Lecture
... they are doing … orient toward the stimulus, and try to identify its potential for actual danger. This happens very quickly, in a reflex-like sequence in which action precedes any voluntary or consciously intentioned behavior. A poorly localizable or identifiable threat source, such as sound in the ...
... they are doing … orient toward the stimulus, and try to identify its potential for actual danger. This happens very quickly, in a reflex-like sequence in which action precedes any voluntary or consciously intentioned behavior. A poorly localizable or identifiable threat source, such as sound in the ...
Chapter 15: Sense Organs
... Series of Structures that Secretes Tears and Drains Them Across the Surface of the Eye and into the Nose Provides Moisture ...
... Series of Structures that Secretes Tears and Drains Them Across the Surface of the Eye and into the Nose Provides Moisture ...
The Spinal Interneurons and Properties of
... This study addresses one main question. How is the primitive vertebrate spinal flexion reflex organized? Although most textbooks of neuroscience show the mammal flexion reflex with two layers of interneurons in the pathway, we know of no case in the vertebrates in which the spinal pathway from a ski ...
... This study addresses one main question. How is the primitive vertebrate spinal flexion reflex organized? Although most textbooks of neuroscience show the mammal flexion reflex with two layers of interneurons in the pathway, we know of no case in the vertebrates in which the spinal pathway from a ski ...
Fast Propagation of Firing Rates through Layered Networks of Noisy
... statistics), averaging times of tens of milliseconds are required to read out rate-coded signals (Gautrais and Thorpe, 1998). On the other hand, it is known that neural computation can be very fast. For instance, humans can categorize complex visual scenes in as little as 150 msec (Thorpe et al., 19 ...
... statistics), averaging times of tens of milliseconds are required to read out rate-coded signals (Gautrais and Thorpe, 1998). On the other hand, it is known that neural computation can be very fast. For instance, humans can categorize complex visual scenes in as little as 150 msec (Thorpe et al., 19 ...
Molecular Mechanisms of Appetite Regulation
... GLP-1 is produced from a large precursor peptide preproglucagon in L cells of the ileum and colon. GLP-1 is secreted to systemic circulation where it is rapidly inactivated by DPP-4 [46]. Thus, the half-life of plasma GLP-1 is about 1 to 2 minutes. According to a recent meta-analysis [47], intraveno ...
... GLP-1 is produced from a large precursor peptide preproglucagon in L cells of the ileum and colon. GLP-1 is secreted to systemic circulation where it is rapidly inactivated by DPP-4 [46]. Thus, the half-life of plasma GLP-1 is about 1 to 2 minutes. According to a recent meta-analysis [47], intraveno ...
15 - phschool.com
... transparent cornea, which bulges anteriorly from its junction with the sclera. The crystal-clear cornea forms a window that lets light enter the eye, and is a major part of the light-bending apparatus of the eye. The cornea is covered by epithelial sheets on both faces. The external sheet, a stratif ...
... transparent cornea, which bulges anteriorly from its junction with the sclera. The crystal-clear cornea forms a window that lets light enter the eye, and is a major part of the light-bending apparatus of the eye. The cornea is covered by epithelial sheets on both faces. The external sheet, a stratif ...
Exam II Questions / Answers
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
5104-c2
... • By culturing cells from neonatal rat SCN on fixed microelectrode arrays, we have been able to record spontaneous action potentials from individual SCN neurons for days or weeks, revealing prominent circadian rhythms in firing rate. • Despite abundant functional synapses, circadian rhythms expresse ...
... • By culturing cells from neonatal rat SCN on fixed microelectrode arrays, we have been able to record spontaneous action potentials from individual SCN neurons for days or weeks, revealing prominent circadian rhythms in firing rate. • Despite abundant functional synapses, circadian rhythms expresse ...
Chapter 15: Sense Organs I. SENSORY RECEPTORS (Receptors)
... Series of Structures that Secretes Tears and Drains Them Across the Surface of the Eye and into the Nose Provides Moisture ...
... Series of Structures that Secretes Tears and Drains Them Across the Surface of the Eye and into the Nose Provides Moisture ...
Role of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Interactions in the Pathogenesis
... use of assisted ventilation, prolonging their hospitalization, and resulting in a need for xanthine or other pharmacologic intervention. To better understand the physiologic basis for neonatal apnea, the response of respiratory neural output to hypercapnia, hypoxia, and stimulation of laryngeal and ...
... use of assisted ventilation, prolonging their hospitalization, and resulting in a need for xanthine or other pharmacologic intervention. To better understand the physiologic basis for neonatal apnea, the response of respiratory neural output to hypercapnia, hypoxia, and stimulation of laryngeal and ...