Chapter 8 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses
... Bacteria and Viruses in Genetics Small size (~2 um) Rapid reproduction (~ hrs) Selective media (e.g., antibiotics) Relative Simple structures and physiology Complete genome sequences © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ...
... Bacteria and Viruses in Genetics Small size (~2 um) Rapid reproduction (~ hrs) Selective media (e.g., antibiotics) Relative Simple structures and physiology Complete genome sequences © John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ...
4.8 Exponential Growth and Decay
... Exponential growth and decay are rates; that is, they represent the change in some quantity through time. Exponential growth is any increase in quantity over time, while exponential decay is any decrease in quantity over time. ...
... Exponential growth and decay are rates; that is, they represent the change in some quantity through time. Exponential growth is any increase in quantity over time, while exponential decay is any decrease in quantity over time. ...
Anatomy and physiology of ageing 3: the digestive system
... foster the development of systemic conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and autoimmune diseases (Fujimori, 2015). Peyer’s patches – small nodules of lymphatic tissue that form part of the gut’s immune defence system – monitor populations of intestinal bacteria to prevent the gr ...
... foster the development of systemic conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and autoimmune diseases (Fujimori, 2015). Peyer’s patches – small nodules of lymphatic tissue that form part of the gut’s immune defence system – monitor populations of intestinal bacteria to prevent the gr ...
Probiotics and Antibiotics - Should they be Given Together? - Bio-Kult
... administration of probiotics alongside antibiotic treatment. In recent human research, studies have looked at the role of probiotics in augmenting the use of antibiotics in the management of various infections (for example C. difficile) and also in the prevention of AAD4-8. The mechanisms of action ...
... administration of probiotics alongside antibiotic treatment. In recent human research, studies have looked at the role of probiotics in augmenting the use of antibiotics in the management of various infections (for example C. difficile) and also in the prevention of AAD4-8. The mechanisms of action ...
2- prokaryotes
... b. Gram-negative bacteria have less peptidoglycan and are more complex. They have a peptidoglycan layer surrounded by the plasma membrane and an outer membrane. - Gram-negative bacteria are typically more resistant to host immune defenses and antibiotics. Note that the two types of bacteria can be s ...
... b. Gram-negative bacteria have less peptidoglycan and are more complex. They have a peptidoglycan layer surrounded by the plasma membrane and an outer membrane. - Gram-negative bacteria are typically more resistant to host immune defenses and antibiotics. Note that the two types of bacteria can be s ...
B1 1 Keeping Healthy Questions and Answers
... Some newspapers used parts of the report in scare stories about the MMR vaccine. As a result, many parents refused to have their children vaccinated. Dr Wakefield’s research was being funded through solicitors for the twelve children. The lawyers wanted evidence to use against vaccine ...
... Some newspapers used parts of the report in scare stories about the MMR vaccine. As a result, many parents refused to have their children vaccinated. Dr Wakefield’s research was being funded through solicitors for the twelve children. The lawyers wanted evidence to use against vaccine ...
Human Body Systems
... Function: Serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun ...
... Function: Serves as a barrier against infection and injury; helps to regulate body temperature; provides protection against ultraviolet radiation from the sun ...
The large intestine
... only for a short time in coincidence with the distension of the rectum and at defecation. The external sphincter is innervated by sacral branches of spinal nerves. The sympathetic innervation originates in the coeliac and superior mesenteric ganglia. Destruction of the lower part of medulla spinalis ...
... only for a short time in coincidence with the distension of the rectum and at defecation. The external sphincter is innervated by sacral branches of spinal nerves. The sympathetic innervation originates in the coeliac and superior mesenteric ganglia. Destruction of the lower part of medulla spinalis ...
Types of Anaerobes
... Inhabitant of anaerobic infections: Today they are found in soil, fresh and salt water, and in normal flora of humans and animals Mucosal surfaces such as linings of oral cavity, GI tract, and GU tract Respiratory Tract – 90% of bacteria in the mouth are anaerobes If mucosal surfaces are di ...
... Inhabitant of anaerobic infections: Today they are found in soil, fresh and salt water, and in normal flora of humans and animals Mucosal surfaces such as linings of oral cavity, GI tract, and GU tract Respiratory Tract – 90% of bacteria in the mouth are anaerobes If mucosal surfaces are di ...
Chapter 18
... • Two vaccines available for high risk individuals: – Capsular antigen vaccine for older adults and other high risk individuals – effective 5 years – Conjugate vaccine for children 2 to 23 months ...
... • Two vaccines available for high risk individuals: – Capsular antigen vaccine for older adults and other high risk individuals – effective 5 years – Conjugate vaccine for children 2 to 23 months ...
Commensal Flora May Play Key Role in Spreading Antibiotic
... The intestinal commensal ecosystem is by far the compared to those of patients who were treated best studied and also the most populous, conwith other antibiotics having minimal activity taining 1014 colony forming units (CFU) from against anaerobes (Fig. 2). several hundred species. For many decade ...
... The intestinal commensal ecosystem is by far the compared to those of patients who were treated best studied and also the most populous, conwith other antibiotics having minimal activity taining 1014 colony forming units (CFU) from against anaerobes (Fig. 2). several hundred species. For many decade ...
Selective and Differential media
... eosin), which inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria selecting for Gram-negative bacteria. EMB also contains lactose which makes the media differential based on an organisms ability to ferment lactose. Sucrose is also included in the medium because certain members of the Enterobacteria or c ...
... eosin), which inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria selecting for Gram-negative bacteria. EMB also contains lactose which makes the media differential based on an organisms ability to ferment lactose. Sucrose is also included in the medium because certain members of the Enterobacteria or c ...
Disinfectant lab - HCC Learning Web
... – Harsh chemicals and extreme heat cannot be used on humans, animals, and fragile objects – Microbial control based on site of medical procedure ...
... – Harsh chemicals and extreme heat cannot be used on humans, animals, and fragile objects – Microbial control based on site of medical procedure ...
The Golden Age of Microbiology
... – Manipulate genes in microbes, plants, and animals for practical applications ...
... – Manipulate genes in microbes, plants, and animals for practical applications ...
Pathogenic Cocci
... Prompt treatment of streptococcal infections can reduce the incidence of rheumatic fever. Penicillin is administered as a preventive measure against subsequent streptococcal infections. Antibodies against group A beta-hemolytic streptococci react with streptococcal antigens deposited in joints o ...
... Prompt treatment of streptococcal infections can reduce the incidence of rheumatic fever. Penicillin is administered as a preventive measure against subsequent streptococcal infections. Antibodies against group A beta-hemolytic streptococci react with streptococcal antigens deposited in joints o ...
Summary of Product Characteristics
... Marbofloxacin is a synthetic bactericidal agent belonging to the fluoroquinolone family that acts by inhibiting DNA gyrase. It exhibits a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus intermedius) and against Gram-negative organisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherich ...
... Marbofloxacin is a synthetic bactericidal agent belonging to the fluoroquinolone family that acts by inhibiting DNA gyrase. It exhibits a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus intermedius) and against Gram-negative organisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherich ...
Notes
... -covered by enamel: crystalline form of calcium phosphate (hardest biologically made substance) -requires adequate calcium, phosphates, & Vitamin D in diet for complete coating & decay resistance 4. Dentin: mineralized matrix that makes up most of tooth -does not contain living cells ...
... -covered by enamel: crystalline form of calcium phosphate (hardest biologically made substance) -requires adequate calcium, phosphates, & Vitamin D in diet for complete coating & decay resistance 4. Dentin: mineralized matrix that makes up most of tooth -does not contain living cells ...
Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity
... Pathogenicity: Ability of a pathogen to cause disease by overcoming the host defenses ...
... Pathogenicity: Ability of a pathogen to cause disease by overcoming the host defenses ...
Microbiology
... Pathogenicity: Ability of a pathogen to cause disease by overcoming the host defenses ...
... Pathogenicity: Ability of a pathogen to cause disease by overcoming the host defenses ...
Module 8 – Diversity of Microbial World
... in their classification. Most bacteria are harboring plasmids, classification based on plasmid is also an important part of classification. Molecular characteristics:-This is the most powerful approaches to study taxonomy by analyzing proteins and nucleic acids. Because these are either direct gene ...
... in their classification. Most bacteria are harboring plasmids, classification based on plasmid is also an important part of classification. Molecular characteristics:-This is the most powerful approaches to study taxonomy by analyzing proteins and nucleic acids. Because these are either direct gene ...
Chapter 27- Prokaryotes and the Origin of Metabolism
... Prokaryotes and Disease For pathogens to affect the body, they must resist all internal defenses of body and harm the host Opportunistic pathogens are parasitic prokaryotes that normally live inside the host, but cause illness when the host’s immune system is altered German physician, Robert Ko ...
... Prokaryotes and Disease For pathogens to affect the body, they must resist all internal defenses of body and harm the host Opportunistic pathogens are parasitic prokaryotes that normally live inside the host, but cause illness when the host’s immune system is altered German physician, Robert Ko ...
Mikrobiologický ústav LF MU a FN u sv. Anny v Brně
... From the middle ear to meninges: S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b From lungs to pleura: agents of pneumonia ...
... From the middle ear to meninges: S. pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b From lungs to pleura: agents of pneumonia ...
Fundamental Antibiotic Concepts
... If resistant to ESBL producing bacteria then ertapenem has the highest rates o Allergy cross-reactivity o Seizures Most recent meta-analysis show that carbapenems have highest rate of seizures compares to other beta-lactams Likely due to the drug binding to GABA receptors 4. Aminoglycosides – ...
... If resistant to ESBL producing bacteria then ertapenem has the highest rates o Allergy cross-reactivity o Seizures Most recent meta-analysis show that carbapenems have highest rate of seizures compares to other beta-lactams Likely due to the drug binding to GABA receptors 4. Aminoglycosides – ...
13 Microorganisms: Prokaryotes and Viruses
... in the world is amazing. It’s estimated to be 5 × 1030 , or five million trillion trillion. You have more bacteria in and on your body than you have body cells! Bacteria called cyanobacteria are very important. They are bluish green in color (see Figure 13.2) because they contain chlorophyll. They m ...
... in the world is amazing. It’s estimated to be 5 × 1030 , or five million trillion trillion. You have more bacteria in and on your body than you have body cells! Bacteria called cyanobacteria are very important. They are bluish green in color (see Figure 13.2) because they contain chlorophyll. They m ...
Human factor and flight physiology
... LECTURE 1: HUMAN FACTOR and FLIGHT PHYSIOLOGY AVIATION HUMAN FACTOR: AHF 2203 ...
... LECTURE 1: HUMAN FACTOR and FLIGHT PHYSIOLOGY AVIATION HUMAN FACTOR: AHF 2203 ...
Human microbiota
The human microbiota is the aggregate of microorganisms, a microbiome that resides on the surface and in deep layers of skin (including in mammary glands), in the saliva and oral mucosa, in the conjunctiva, and in the gastrointestinal tracts. They include bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Micro-animals which live on the human body are excluded. The human microbiome refer to their genomes.One study indicated they outnumber human cells 10 to 1. Some of these organisms perform tasks that are useful for the human host. However, the majority have been too poorly researched for us to understand the role they play, however communities of microflora have been shown to change their behavior in diseased individuals. Those that are expected to be present, and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease, but instead participate in maintaining health, are deemed members of the normal flora. Though widely known as microflora, this is a misnomer in technical terms, since the word root flora pertains to plants, and biota refers to the total collection of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Recently, the more appropriate term microbiota is applied, though its use has not eclipsed the entrenched use and recognition of flora with regard to bacteria and other microorganisms. Both terms are being used in different literature.Studies in 2009 questioned whether the decline in biota (including microfauna) as a result of human intervention might impede human health.Most of the microbes associated with humans appear to be not harmful at all, but rather assist in maintaining processes necessary for a healthy body. A surprising finding was that at specific sites on the body, a different set of microbes may perform the same function for different people. For example, on the tongues of two people, two entirely different sets of organisms will break down sugars in the same way. This suggests that medical science may be forced to abandon the ""one only"" microbe model of infectious disease, and rather pay attention to functions of groups of microbes that have somehow gone awry.