13 Microorganisms: Prokaryotes and Viruses
... in the world is amazing. It’s estimated to be 5 × 1030 , or five million trillion trillion. You have more bacteria in and on your body than you have body cells! Bacteria called cyanobacteria are very important. They are bluish green in color (see Figure 13.2) because they contain chlorophyll. They m ...
... in the world is amazing. It’s estimated to be 5 × 1030 , or five million trillion trillion. You have more bacteria in and on your body than you have body cells! Bacteria called cyanobacteria are very important. They are bluish green in color (see Figure 13.2) because they contain chlorophyll. They m ...
The Gut
... The duodenum, jejunum and ileum make up the small intestine. The first part of the duodenum receives food from the stomach. It also receives bile from the gallbladder via the bile duct, and pancreatic enzymes made by cells in the pancreas via the pancreatic duct. Pancreatic enzymes are needed to bre ...
... The duodenum, jejunum and ileum make up the small intestine. The first part of the duodenum receives food from the stomach. It also receives bile from the gallbladder via the bile duct, and pancreatic enzymes made by cells in the pancreas via the pancreatic duct. Pancreatic enzymes are needed to bre ...
Pathology of Infectious Diseases II
... be presented after the micro exam next week. Today is just an overview. 36. Viruses are much different from bacteria. The simplest viruses are simply nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat. Some of them are more complex and have various envelopes, but they will only have one type of nucleic acid, ...
... be presented after the micro exam next week. Today is just an overview. 36. Viruses are much different from bacteria. The simplest viruses are simply nucleic acid surrounded by a protein coat. Some of them are more complex and have various envelopes, but they will only have one type of nucleic acid, ...
Liver and Gallbladder
... • About 500 ml of gas (flatus) is produced each day. More when certain carbohydrate rich foods (beans) are eaten. • Bacteria also synthesize B complex vitamins and most of the vitamin K that the liver needs to make some of the clotting proteins. • Also found in the large intestine are viruses and pr ...
... • About 500 ml of gas (flatus) is produced each day. More when certain carbohydrate rich foods (beans) are eaten. • Bacteria also synthesize B complex vitamins and most of the vitamin K that the liver needs to make some of the clotting proteins. • Also found in the large intestine are viruses and pr ...
- ZORA - Universität Zürich
... labeled by all probes of non-overlapping specifity were nearly identical, which proves that it is possible to cover essentially the entire subgingival microbiota with probes to 11 major clusters of bacteria. A particular striking finding was the very high prevalence and density of large non-cultivab ...
... labeled by all probes of non-overlapping specifity were nearly identical, which proves that it is possible to cover essentially the entire subgingival microbiota with probes to 11 major clusters of bacteria. A particular striking finding was the very high prevalence and density of large non-cultivab ...
Differential media
... appearance of media in response to differential use of an ingredient Mohammed laqqan ...
... appearance of media in response to differential use of an ingredient Mohammed laqqan ...
Glossary of terms - Tissue Viability Service for Nursing Homes
... A break in the skin integrity through some mechanical process such as friction or trauma. Abscess Accumulation of pus enclosed anywhere in the body which can evacuate to reveal extensive damage Antimicrobials A term used to describe a substance that destroys microbial bacteria or prevents them multi ...
... A break in the skin integrity through some mechanical process such as friction or trauma. Abscess Accumulation of pus enclosed anywhere in the body which can evacuate to reveal extensive damage Antimicrobials A term used to describe a substance that destroys microbial bacteria or prevents them multi ...
Interpretation of Mastitis Milk Culture Results
... pathogen, the milk sample is likely contaminated upon sampling and will be reported as so. If a pathogen has been identified in addition to three or more dissimilar colony types, the reported results will include the pathogen in addition to “mixed flora” or “contaminants”. Organisms considered ‘cont ...
... pathogen, the milk sample is likely contaminated upon sampling and will be reported as so. If a pathogen has been identified in addition to three or more dissimilar colony types, the reported results will include the pathogen in addition to “mixed flora” or “contaminants”. Organisms considered ‘cont ...
Chromosome Research, 8:319-334
... The majority of the hybrids contained intact human chromosomes at relatively high frequencies. Those with human chromosomes 1, 9, 10, 12, 20, 22, and X, however, contained a high frequency of rearrangements. Therefore, new clones should be isolated by recloning procedures, or different hybrids shoul ...
... The majority of the hybrids contained intact human chromosomes at relatively high frequencies. Those with human chromosomes 1, 9, 10, 12, 20, 22, and X, however, contained a high frequency of rearrangements. Therefore, new clones should be isolated by recloning procedures, or different hybrids shoul ...
Recognizing Wine Off-Characters of Microbial Origin
... complex sulfite reductase or Reduction of sulfate decoupled from amino acid synthesis • Sulfate reduction regulated by nitrogen availability • Lack of nitrogenous reduced sulfur acceptors leads to excessive production of reduced sulfate and release as ...
... complex sulfite reductase or Reduction of sulfate decoupled from amino acid synthesis • Sulfate reduction regulated by nitrogen availability • Lack of nitrogenous reduced sulfur acceptors leads to excessive production of reduced sulfate and release as ...
A Super-Absorbent Polymer Combination Promotes Bacterial
... normally occupied by other epiphytic species (Boch et al., 2002; Danhorn and Fuqua, 2007; Dulla and Lindow 2008; Monier and Lindow, 2005; von Bodman et al., 2003). A starch-based super-absorbant polymer (SAP), referred to as ZebaTM, has been used for soil amendment. In agriculture, SAP has been appl ...
... normally occupied by other epiphytic species (Boch et al., 2002; Danhorn and Fuqua, 2007; Dulla and Lindow 2008; Monier and Lindow, 2005; von Bodman et al., 2003). A starch-based super-absorbant polymer (SAP), referred to as ZebaTM, has been used for soil amendment. In agriculture, SAP has been appl ...
Rhinitis and Sinusitis in Dogs
... The type of discharge sometimes helps determine the cause. For example, yellow-green discharge is common with viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, whereas a bloody discharge is more likely with trauma, foreign bodies, or a bleeding disorder. The opening of the nose can become ulcerated, especiall ...
... The type of discharge sometimes helps determine the cause. For example, yellow-green discharge is common with viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, whereas a bloody discharge is more likely with trauma, foreign bodies, or a bleeding disorder. The opening of the nose can become ulcerated, especiall ...
Chapter 20 - ltcconline.net
... • Well-developed virulence factors, primary pathogens, not normal human flora • Salmonelloses and Shigelloses – Some gastrointestinal involvement and diarrhea but often affect other systems ...
... • Well-developed virulence factors, primary pathogens, not normal human flora • Salmonelloses and Shigelloses – Some gastrointestinal involvement and diarrhea but often affect other systems ...
Foundations in Microbiology
... • Well-developed virulence factors, primary pathogens, not normal human flora • Salmonelloses and Shigelloses – Some gastrointestinal involvement and diarrhea but often affect other systems ...
... • Well-developed virulence factors, primary pathogens, not normal human flora • Salmonelloses and Shigelloses – Some gastrointestinal involvement and diarrhea but often affect other systems ...
Phylogenetic survey and antimicrobial activity of culturable
... was investigated using a culture-dependent method followed by analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences. A total of 36 bacterial and 24 fungal isolates were recovered and identified, belonging to three bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Alphapr ...
... was investigated using a culture-dependent method followed by analysis of bacterial 16S rRNA gene and fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences. A total of 36 bacterial and 24 fungal isolates were recovered and identified, belonging to three bacterial phyla (Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Alphapr ...
Immunology 06
... The colostrum contain large amount of IgA and this level will be reduced in the next days. IgA is synthesized from IgA B cells in breast tissue, these cells have been migrated to breast from gastrointestinal tract or from respiratory tract lymphoid cells. ...
... The colostrum contain large amount of IgA and this level will be reduced in the next days. IgA is synthesized from IgA B cells in breast tissue, these cells have been migrated to breast from gastrointestinal tract or from respiratory tract lymphoid cells. ...
Contamination The presence of any harmful or
... Best before date A date assigned to foods with a shelf-life of two years or less. It may be safe to eat foods after the ‘best before’ date, but they will have lost peak flavour and nutritional qualities and attributes. Binary fission A process of cell division by which a parent cell asexually reprod ...
... Best before date A date assigned to foods with a shelf-life of two years or less. It may be safe to eat foods after the ‘best before’ date, but they will have lost peak flavour and nutritional qualities and attributes. Binary fission A process of cell division by which a parent cell asexually reprod ...
Defining pathogenic bacterial species in the genomic era
... the origin of species became the basis of modern biology. This theory has since been broadly adapted and discussed (Mayr, 1957). However, evolutionary genomic studies have shown that, quantitatively, natural selection is not the predominant force that shapes genome evolution (Koonin, 2009). Indeed, ...
... the origin of species became the basis of modern biology. This theory has since been broadly adapted and discussed (Mayr, 1957). However, evolutionary genomic studies have shown that, quantitatively, natural selection is not the predominant force that shapes genome evolution (Koonin, 2009). Indeed, ...
Information exchange between living organisms
... • fungi communicate with same and related species as well as with nonfungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic ...
... • fungi communicate with same and related species as well as with nonfungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic ...
Components external to the cell wall
... Also present throughout the cytoplasm is the ribonucleic acid , various enzymes , amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, ions, and other compounds that function in the bacterium. The constituents of the membrane(s) are manufactured in the cytoplasm and then are transported to their final destination. - ...
... Also present throughout the cytoplasm is the ribonucleic acid , various enzymes , amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, ions, and other compounds that function in the bacterium. The constituents of the membrane(s) are manufactured in the cytoplasm and then are transported to their final destination. - ...
The Scientific Method
... had mold growing on it to another dish of bacteria. The bacteria in this dish were not killed. Fleming concluded that the mold produced a bacteria-killing substance in the broth. He called the substance that killed the bacteria penicillin. ...
... had mold growing on it to another dish of bacteria. The bacteria in this dish were not killed. Fleming concluded that the mold produced a bacteria-killing substance in the broth. He called the substance that killed the bacteria penicillin. ...
Medical_Terminology03A_Digestive
... describe their locations and functions. Define combining forms for gastrointestinal organs and know the meaning of related terminology. Describe signs, symptoms, and disease conditions affecting the digestive system. ...
... describe their locations and functions. Define combining forms for gastrointestinal organs and know the meaning of related terminology. Describe signs, symptoms, and disease conditions affecting the digestive system. ...
Human microbiota
The human microbiota is the aggregate of microorganisms, a microbiome that resides on the surface and in deep layers of skin (including in mammary glands), in the saliva and oral mucosa, in the conjunctiva, and in the gastrointestinal tracts. They include bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Micro-animals which live on the human body are excluded. The human microbiome refer to their genomes.One study indicated they outnumber human cells 10 to 1. Some of these organisms perform tasks that are useful for the human host. However, the majority have been too poorly researched for us to understand the role they play, however communities of microflora have been shown to change their behavior in diseased individuals. Those that are expected to be present, and that under normal circumstances do not cause disease, but instead participate in maintaining health, are deemed members of the normal flora. Though widely known as microflora, this is a misnomer in technical terms, since the word root flora pertains to plants, and biota refers to the total collection of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Recently, the more appropriate term microbiota is applied, though its use has not eclipsed the entrenched use and recognition of flora with regard to bacteria and other microorganisms. Both terms are being used in different literature.Studies in 2009 questioned whether the decline in biota (including microfauna) as a result of human intervention might impede human health.Most of the microbes associated with humans appear to be not harmful at all, but rather assist in maintaining processes necessary for a healthy body. A surprising finding was that at specific sites on the body, a different set of microbes may perform the same function for different people. For example, on the tongues of two people, two entirely different sets of organisms will break down sugars in the same way. This suggests that medical science may be forced to abandon the ""one only"" microbe model of infectious disease, and rather pay attention to functions of groups of microbes that have somehow gone awry.