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Exploring Important Biological Concepts Using Biology Workbench
Exploring Important Biological Concepts Using Biology Workbench

Mycobacterium kyorinense sp. nov., a novel, slow
Mycobacterium kyorinense sp. nov., a novel, slow

... celatum strains revealed the existence of a new subtype, which is distinct from but very similar to the two previously reported subtypes (types 1 and 2) (Butler et al., 1993). Furthermore, Mycobacterium branderi was described as a novel species in 1995, and analysis of its 16S rRNA sequence has conf ...
Article Are Convergent and Parallel Amino Acid Substitutions in
Article Are Convergent and Parallel Amino Acid Substitutions in

... In addition to the two pairs of exterior branches in the Drosophila tree, we analyzed all other pairs of branches in the tree that are unconnected and do not belong to the same evolutionary path. We excluded connected branch pairs because of the difficulty in inferring molecular convergence in these ...
the evolution of genomic base composition in bacteria
the evolution of genomic base composition in bacteria

... In this paper, we explore the use of a Brownian-motion model to describe the evolution of GC content over time. A Brownian-motion model describes a random walk in continuous time over a continuous state space, where future states depend only on the current state of the system (Taylor and Karlin 1998 ...
the Role of DNA Sequence Data - International Journal of
the Role of DNA Sequence Data - International Journal of

A Bayesian Network Classification Methodology for Gene
A Bayesian Network Classification Methodology for Gene

... nondescendants conditionally independent. It follows from these conditional independence assertions and the laws of probability that once a conditional distribution is associated with each node, specifying the probability that the node assumes a given value conditioned on the values assumed by the n ...
PCS: An Efficient Clustering Method for High
PCS: An Efficient Clustering Method for High

... For k partitions with exactly q subsets in each partition, there are totally kq number of sets and we can arrange them as a k by q matrix. The PCk optimization problem attempts to minimize the function of σ (Equation 2), which is the summation of symmetric differences of each pair of subsets within ...
Discovery and classification of ecological diversity in the
Discovery and classification of ecological diversity in the

... Survey of sequence divergence within and between bacterial taxa. We tested the hypothesis that sequence similarity clusters based on housekeeping protein genes should correspond to ecologically distinct groups of bacteria. Since species and subspecies are generally considered to be ecologically dist ...
Real Time Location Prediction with Taxi
Real Time Location Prediction with Taxi

Optimal Solution for Santa Fe Trail Ant Problem using MOEA
Optimal Solution for Santa Fe Trail Ant Problem using MOEA

... reputation of being hard due to evolutionary computing methods not solving it at much higher effectiveness than random search. NSGA II is an evolutionary algorithm in which the main advantage is that it handles multiobjective solution given in sets of solutions, which provide computation of an appro ...
P. roridus - Longwood Blogs
P. roridus - Longwood Blogs

... rRNA and β-Tubulin genes in order to provide more substantial evidence for asserting one species over another. Spore sizing techniques identified the presence of both P. crystallinus and P. roridus species. These finding were supported by genetic techniques and classify the original sample as suppor ...
Phylogenetic relationship among red jungle fowl
Phylogenetic relationship among red jungle fowl

... jungle fowls of Java Island [12]. The Phylogenetic analysis showed the close genetic relationship within and between the populations of each country and molecular information on genetic diversity revealed may be useful in developing genetic improvement and conservation strategies to better utilize o ...
Comments: Improving Weighting Methods for Causal
Comments: Improving Weighting Methods for Causal

... estimation methodology relies upon strong identification assumptions that are not directly testable from the observed data. In particular, these methods require that there exist no posttreatment confounders, whether observed or unobserved, for the relationship between the mediator and the outcome. T ...
Martina Šeruga Musić, Mladen Krajačić, Dijana Škorić
Martina Šeruga Musić, Mladen Krajačić, Dijana Škorić

AWA* - A Window Constrained Anytime Heuristic Search
AWA* - A Window Constrained Anytime Heuristic Search

... search may be guided only by the g(n) information [Pearl, 1984] or a lower bound f (n)-value may be used without distinct g(n) and h(n) components [Kumar et al., 1995]. In such cases, the weighted A* techniques are not directly applicable. On the other hand, in beam search, a chosen number of most p ...
A Robust Seedless Algorithm for Correlation Clustering
A Robust Seedless Algorithm for Correlation Clustering

... [2], which uses the same idea of axis-parallel PROCLUS [3], is the first PCA based method to find correlation clusters. 4C [5] also uses PCA, however it incorporates a density-based approach and hence, the number of clusters need not be pre-specified. Although these methods are able to keep the comp ...
Sparse Subspace Clustering - The Center for Imaging Science
Sparse Subspace Clustering - The Center for Imaging Science

... that each point forms its own group, and then iterative merging pairs of groups to reduce the coding length. ALC can handle noise and outliers in the data, and can estimate the number of subspaces and their dimensions. However, there is no theoretical proof for the optimality of the algorithm. Paper ...
Random survival forests for highdimensional data
Random survival forests for highdimensional data

LDhat 2.2: A package for the population genetic analysis of
LDhat 2.2: A package for the population genetic analysis of

Full text
Full text

... G.E. Andrews proposed the following problem. Show that Fp+i(q) is divisible by 7 +q+~- + qp~7, where p is any prime = ±2 (mod 51 For proof see [3]. This result is by no means apparent from (3.2). The proof depends upon the identity Fn+1 - £(-Vkx'/*k(5k-V[e'!k)] ...
Sequential Pattern Mining with Constraints on Large Protein
Sequential Pattern Mining with Constraints on Large Protein

... The way in which the minGap and maxGap constraints can be pushed into SPAM is by providing a different transformation function for the S-Step at the bitmap level. In the original SPAM algorithm, S-step for extending sequence ({a}) with sequence ({b}) involves two steps. First, let k to be the first ...
Approaches to Repeat Finding
Approaches to Repeat Finding

From Gene Trees with HGT to Species Trees
From Gene Trees with HGT to Species Trees

Document
Document

... Finding common subsequences in two genomes Finding repeats within a genome … many many other applications ...
Speeding Up HMM Decoding and Training by Exploiting Sequence
Speeding Up HMM Decoding and Training by Exploiting Sequence

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Computational phylogenetics

Computational phylogenetics is the application of computational algorithms, methods, and programs to phylogenetic analyses. The goal is to assemble a phylogenetic tree representing a hypothesis about the evolutionary ancestry of a set of genes, species, or other taxa. For example, these techniques have been used to explore the family tree of hominid species and the relationships between specific genes shared by many types of organisms. Traditional phylogenetics relies on morphological data obtained by measuring and quantifying the phenotypic properties of representative organisms, while the more recent field of molecular phylogenetics uses nucleotide sequences encoding genes or amino acid sequences encoding proteins as the basis for classification. Many forms of molecular phylogenetics are closely related to and make extensive use of sequence alignment in constructing and refining phylogenetic trees, which are used to classify the evolutionary relationships between homologous genes represented in the genomes of divergent species. The phylogenetic trees constructed by computational methods are unlikely to perfectly reproduce the evolutionary tree that represents the historical relationships between the species being analyzed. The historical species tree may also differ from the historical tree of an individual homologous gene shared by those species.Producing a phylogenetic tree requires a measure of homology among the characteristics shared by the taxa being compared. In morphological studies, this requires explicit decisions about which physical characteristics to measure and how to use them to encode distinct states corresponding to the input taxa. In molecular studies, a primary problem is in producing a multiple sequence alignment (MSA) between the genes or amino acid sequences of interest. Progressive sequence alignment methods produce a phylogenetic tree by necessity because they incorporate new sequences into the calculated alignment in order of genetic distance.
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