Structure of the central nervous system of a juvenile acoel
... microscopic sections of the entire hatchling of Symsagittifera roscoffensis. In addition, we obtained data from wholemounts of hatchlings labeled with markers for serotonin and tyrosinated tubulin. Our data show that the central nervous system of a juvenile S. roscoffensis consists of an anterior co ...
... microscopic sections of the entire hatchling of Symsagittifera roscoffensis. In addition, we obtained data from wholemounts of hatchlings labeled with markers for serotonin and tyrosinated tubulin. Our data show that the central nervous system of a juvenile S. roscoffensis consists of an anterior co ...
Taste, Smell, and Touch: Lecture Notes
... o Taste experience is also subject to effects of adaptation. (Why does orange juice taste gross after you've just brushed your teeth?). o Our sensation of taste also depends heavily on smell and texture (touch). Ever notice how food just doesn't taste that good when you have a stuffed up nose? [Figu ...
... o Taste experience is also subject to effects of adaptation. (Why does orange juice taste gross after you've just brushed your teeth?). o Our sensation of taste also depends heavily on smell and texture (touch). Ever notice how food just doesn't taste that good when you have a stuffed up nose? [Figu ...
Spike-Timing Theory of Working Memory
... cognitive tasks, such as language comprehension, learning, and reasoning. Despite extensive neuroscience research, its mechanism is not clearly understood. We exploit a well-known feature of the brain — its ability to use precisely timed spiking events in its operation — to show how working memory f ...
... cognitive tasks, such as language comprehension, learning, and reasoning. Despite extensive neuroscience research, its mechanism is not clearly understood. We exploit a well-known feature of the brain — its ability to use precisely timed spiking events in its operation — to show how working memory f ...
Gee JNeuro 2012 - Stanford University
... V pyramidal neurons that have thick apical tufts, prominent h-current, and subcortical projections. Within this subpopulation, the D2R agonist quinpirole elicits a novel afterdepolarization that generates voltage fluctuations and spiking for hundreds of milliseconds. Surprisingly, this afterdepolari ...
... V pyramidal neurons that have thick apical tufts, prominent h-current, and subcortical projections. Within this subpopulation, the D2R agonist quinpirole elicits a novel afterdepolarization that generates voltage fluctuations and spiking for hundreds of milliseconds. Surprisingly, this afterdepolari ...
Depression is a widespread illness with an estimated 340
... symptoms or mood, again confounding the view that neuronal monoamines directly caused or cured depression. There has also been research into dopamine’s role in depression with some evidence supporting that dopamine dysfunction may be a key contributor to some forms of depression (Thase, 2009). The ...
... symptoms or mood, again confounding the view that neuronal monoamines directly caused or cured depression. There has also been research into dopamine’s role in depression with some evidence supporting that dopamine dysfunction may be a key contributor to some forms of depression (Thase, 2009). The ...
Autonomic nervous system
... ganglion then return to spinal nerve and follow its branch to the skin Ascend or descend within sympathetic trunk, synapse with a postganglionic neuron within a chain ganglion, and return to spinal nerve at that level and follow branches to skin Enter sympathetic chain, pass through without synapsin ...
... ganglion then return to spinal nerve and follow its branch to the skin Ascend or descend within sympathetic trunk, synapse with a postganglionic neuron within a chain ganglion, and return to spinal nerve at that level and follow branches to skin Enter sympathetic chain, pass through without synapsin ...
... sugars and fats are deemed more pleasurable, though this varies between people. Also as expected, the amount of dopamine released in the nucleus accumbens is reduced as a meal continues, meaning that the first bite of a food will be the most pleasurable, and all following bites will get more and mor ...
the diverse roles of l-glutamic acid in brain signal transduction
... development, affecting neuronal migration, neuronal differentiation, axon genesis, and neuronal survival (2–4). In the mature nervous system, Glu is central to neuroplasticity, in which there are use-dependent alterations in synaptic efficacy as well as changes in synaptic structure. These latter ac ...
... development, affecting neuronal migration, neuronal differentiation, axon genesis, and neuronal survival (2–4). In the mature nervous system, Glu is central to neuroplasticity, in which there are use-dependent alterations in synaptic efficacy as well as changes in synaptic structure. These latter ac ...
Neural Networks - School of Computer Science
... We still do not know exactly how the brain works. For example, we are born with about 100 billion neurons in our brain. Many die as we progress through life, and are not replaced, yet we continue to learn. Although we do not know exactly how the brain works, we do know certain things about it. We kn ...
... We still do not know exactly how the brain works. For example, we are born with about 100 billion neurons in our brain. Many die as we progress through life, and are not replaced, yet we continue to learn. Although we do not know exactly how the brain works, we do know certain things about it. We kn ...
Synaptic and peptidergic connectome of a neurosecretory
... Neurosecretory centres in animal brains use peptidergic signalling to influence physiology and behaviour. Understanding neurosecretory centre function requires mapping cell types, synapses, and peptidergic networks. Here we use electron microscopy and gene expression mapping to analyse the synaptic ...
... Neurosecretory centres in animal brains use peptidergic signalling to influence physiology and behaviour. Understanding neurosecretory centre function requires mapping cell types, synapses, and peptidergic networks. Here we use electron microscopy and gene expression mapping to analyse the synaptic ...
Characterising nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the plant parasitic
... G. pallida is a cyst nematode; infective juvenile worms locate and invade host potato roots within a short time period while the environmental conditions are optimal. Therefore, locomotion is an essential component of its invasion strategy. It belongs to the phylum Nematoda, which also includes the ...
... G. pallida is a cyst nematode; infective juvenile worms locate and invade host potato roots within a short time period while the environmental conditions are optimal. Therefore, locomotion is an essential component of its invasion strategy. It belongs to the phylum Nematoda, which also includes the ...
Fine-scale specificity of cortical networks depends on inhibitory cell
... spike rate adaptation, and many previous studies have shown that these are parvalbumin-expressing basket cells27. Adapting interneurons potentially include any of several other distinct cell types, but they are clearly distinguished from fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in terms of their morphology, ...
... spike rate adaptation, and many previous studies have shown that these are parvalbumin-expressing basket cells27. Adapting interneurons potentially include any of several other distinct cell types, but they are clearly distinguished from fast-spiking inhibitory neurons in terms of their morphology, ...
Medical Gross Anatomy - University of Michigan
... homeostasis via two opposing divisions: the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems innervate most of the body's organs and act in opposition to one another to maintain normal physiology, including blood pressure, blood oxygen levels, a ...
... homeostasis via two opposing divisions: the sympathetic division and the parasympathetic division. Both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems innervate most of the body's organs and act in opposition to one another to maintain normal physiology, including blood pressure, blood oxygen levels, a ...
Ch 8 Nervous System Test Key 1. In a neuron, short, branching
... 10. Chemical substances released from the presynaptic terminal a. bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. b. may inhibit or stimulate an action potential in the postsynaptic membrane depending on the receptors. c. are normally broken down by enzymes located in the synapse. d. are called neur ...
... 10. Chemical substances released from the presynaptic terminal a. bind to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. b. may inhibit or stimulate an action potential in the postsynaptic membrane depending on the receptors. c. are normally broken down by enzymes located in the synapse. d. are called neur ...
Tuberoinfundibular peptid 39 and its receptor in the central nervous
... Even the SPF itself, which is divided into a medial periventricular (SPF-PVG) and a caudal lateral, parvicelullar part in the posterior intralaminar complex of the thalamus (SPFp-PIL), showed inhomogeneous expression pattern during the embryonic life. We demonstrated the TIP39 cells appeared in the ...
... Even the SPF itself, which is divided into a medial periventricular (SPF-PVG) and a caudal lateral, parvicelullar part in the posterior intralaminar complex of the thalamus (SPFp-PIL), showed inhomogeneous expression pattern during the embryonic life. We demonstrated the TIP39 cells appeared in the ...
Perception Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to
... pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modification on these parameters (e.g., pre/post spike interval) can be easily determined. For neural circuits i ...
... pre/post spikes paired at regular intervals. The advantage of this approach is that each induction pattern can be described by a small number of parameters, and the dependence of synaptic modification on these parameters (e.g., pre/post spike interval) can be easily determined. For neural circuits i ...
NeuroCube Help
... simulation. After setting all these parameters, click ‘Generate cube’ and the distribution of neurons will be created. Figure 2 shows the interface after clicking ‘Generate cube’. Instead of clicking ‘Generate cube’, you could also have clicked ‘Load cube’ if you wanted to load a neuron configurati ...
... simulation. After setting all these parameters, click ‘Generate cube’ and the distribution of neurons will be created. Figure 2 shows the interface after clicking ‘Generate cube’. Instead of clicking ‘Generate cube’, you could also have clicked ‘Load cube’ if you wanted to load a neuron configurati ...
Author`s personal copy
... brain structures, such as substantia nigra, significantly reduced SIP, whereas electrical stimulation of lateral hypothalamus increased SIP acquisition [30]. Stimulants such as amphetamines generally produce, at low to moderate doses, either no effect or decreases in established adjunctive drinking [ ...
... brain structures, such as substantia nigra, significantly reduced SIP, whereas electrical stimulation of lateral hypothalamus increased SIP acquisition [30]. Stimulants such as amphetamines generally produce, at low to moderate doses, either no effect or decreases in established adjunctive drinking [ ...
The Elementary Nervous System Revisited1
... presynaptic terminals, while in ciliates dif- have needed large diameters, high memferent channels may be found at the front brane resistances and/or myelin-like insulation. Certainly, local currents must have been there from the start, as they form the ...
... presynaptic terminals, while in ciliates dif- have needed large diameters, high memferent channels may be found at the front brane resistances and/or myelin-like insulation. Certainly, local currents must have been there from the start, as they form the ...
Lateral olfactory processing
... the spontaneous activity of palp ORNs. In this configuration, they found that the odorant-evoked activation of ORNs on the antenna induced a dramatic presynaptic inhibition of the spontaneous synaptic output from ORNs on the palp, with a consequent hyperpolarization of PNs innervating palp glomeruli ...
... the spontaneous activity of palp ORNs. In this configuration, they found that the odorant-evoked activation of ORNs on the antenna induced a dramatic presynaptic inhibition of the spontaneous synaptic output from ORNs on the palp, with a consequent hyperpolarization of PNs innervating palp glomeruli ...
Objectives 35 - U
... of the desired movement (integrates motivation and ideas about responses) - all basal ganglia disorders affect cognitive or emotion function to varying degrees; depression, dementia (Huntington’s) and cognitive changes (Parkinson’s) - a limbic loop exists through basal ganglia; limbic structures p ...
... of the desired movement (integrates motivation and ideas about responses) - all basal ganglia disorders affect cognitive or emotion function to varying degrees; depression, dementia (Huntington’s) and cognitive changes (Parkinson’s) - a limbic loop exists through basal ganglia; limbic structures p ...
Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity: From Synapse to Perception
... on its dendritic location (44, 94). Because STDP involves the interaction between the synaptic input and the backpropagating AP as well as the downstream cellular mechanisms highly localized at the synaptic site, it is likely to be dendritic location dependent. Indeed, both the amplitude and width o ...
... on its dendritic location (44, 94). Because STDP involves the interaction between the synaptic input and the backpropagating AP as well as the downstream cellular mechanisms highly localized at the synaptic site, it is likely to be dendritic location dependent. Indeed, both the amplitude and width o ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 5.1 Intracellular recording of the
... Medial habenular cells generate action potentials at a steady and slow rate in a “pacemaker” fashion. FIGURE 5.12 Voltage dependence and kinetics of different ionic currents in the mammalian brain. Depolarization of the membrane potential from −100 to −10 mV results in the activation of currents ent ...
... Medial habenular cells generate action potentials at a steady and slow rate in a “pacemaker” fashion. FIGURE 5.12 Voltage dependence and kinetics of different ionic currents in the mammalian brain. Depolarization of the membrane potential from −100 to −10 mV results in the activation of currents ent ...
RESEARCH LETTERS 3 Marwood RP. Disappearance of
... putaminal or caudate nucleus DAT* neurons and either LDOPA dose or duration of L-DOPA treatment. If these neurons do have an important role in the synthesis of dopamine from L-DOPA, maintenance of this abnormal source of striatal dopamine in the face of declining production by the nigrostriatal path ...
... putaminal or caudate nucleus DAT* neurons and either LDOPA dose or duration of L-DOPA treatment. If these neurons do have an important role in the synthesis of dopamine from L-DOPA, maintenance of this abnormal source of striatal dopamine in the face of declining production by the nigrostriatal path ...
Untitled
... compartmentalized, synapse specific action of GABA is required in cortical networks for phasic inhibition. However, GABA released at the synaptic cleft diffuses to receptors outside the postsynaptic density and thus tonically activates extrasynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptors, which include subtypes ...
... compartmentalized, synapse specific action of GABA is required in cortical networks for phasic inhibition. However, GABA released at the synaptic cleft diffuses to receptors outside the postsynaptic density and thus tonically activates extrasynaptic GABAA and GABAB receptors, which include subtypes ...