Military commitments and political bargaining in ancient Greece
... of internal stability (as an ultimate good) but also – or perhaps even primarily? – to enhance Athenian military capabilities along the lines of Megara’s somewhat earlier progress. Later ancient and modern sources are preoccupied with the element of class struggle to the complete exclusion of potent ...
... of internal stability (as an ultimate good) but also – or perhaps even primarily? – to enhance Athenian military capabilities along the lines of Megara’s somewhat earlier progress. Later ancient and modern sources are preoccupied with the element of class struggle to the complete exclusion of potent ...
Greek Imperialism - McMaster University, Canada
... in certain backward regions in the west and north. Elsewhere city-states had everywhere made their appearance as early as the sixth century B.C. The circumstances in which these city-states arose are shrouded in the mystery which surrounds most beginnings. They, accordingly, present all the better o ...
... in certain backward regions in the west and north. Elsewhere city-states had everywhere made their appearance as early as the sixth century B.C. The circumstances in which these city-states arose are shrouded in the mystery which surrounds most beginnings. They, accordingly, present all the better o ...
CONON`S EMBASSY TO PERSIA
... Conon to Persia with that of Andoddes to Sparta witbin a convindng chronological framework. The internal difficulties wbich he saw were that (1) none of the envoys to Persia also went to Sparta, (2) Conon's four listed colleagues cannot be identified with certainty or probability, or are unknown oth ...
... Conon to Persia with that of Andoddes to Sparta witbin a convindng chronological framework. The internal difficulties wbich he saw were that (1) none of the envoys to Persia also went to Sparta, (2) Conon's four listed colleagues cannot be identified with certainty or probability, or are unknown oth ...
Ancient Greece notes
... realize that dream, he sought help from his father-in-law, the tyrant of Megara, and staged a coup around 632 B.C. But the uprising was an unsuccessful one. Knowing that defeat was imminent, Cylon and his supporters took refuge in the temple of Athena. After they got the assurance that their lives w ...
... realize that dream, he sought help from his father-in-law, the tyrant of Megara, and staged a coup around 632 B.C. But the uprising was an unsuccessful one. Knowing that defeat was imminent, Cylon and his supporters took refuge in the temple of Athena. After they got the assurance that their lives w ...
Philosophy and Democracy in Fifth Century BC Athens
... Greek city which, like Miletus, was located in Asia Minor. Anaxagoras worked primarily to understand the nature of the cosmos and declared the sun to be flaming metal and the moon to be made of earth. In Athens he was well-known for his friendship with the great Athenian statesman Pericles; the thi ...
... Greek city which, like Miletus, was located in Asia Minor. Anaxagoras worked primarily to understand the nature of the cosmos and declared the sun to be flaming metal and the moon to be made of earth. In Athens he was well-known for his friendship with the great Athenian statesman Pericles; the thi ...
Development of Democracy in Ancient Greece
... • Due to geography, isolated “city-states” began to emerge – City-states were given the name “polis” ...
... • Due to geography, isolated “city-states” began to emerge – City-states were given the name “polis” ...
Book-1-Part
... characters and offered moral comment. It also usually represented a group affected by the main action of the play but not powerful enough to dominate it – in this case the Theban Elders. ...
... characters and offered moral comment. It also usually represented a group affected by the main action of the play but not powerful enough to dominate it – in this case the Theban Elders. ...
athens and the tyranny of a democratic state
... Peloponnesian war. It is noteworthy that the events of this period belong to a period when the Athenian democracy was firmly established so much that her political hegemony, economic growth and cultural prosperity made the time Athens‟ Golden Age. Although the primary values of the Athenian democrac ...
... Peloponnesian war. It is noteworthy that the events of this period belong to a period when the Athenian democracy was firmly established so much that her political hegemony, economic growth and cultural prosperity made the time Athens‟ Golden Age. Although the primary values of the Athenian democrac ...
Lysistrata Study Guide
... The first part of the war, known as the Archidamian War, included several attacks on Athens by Sparta, although the Athenians countered with a force of naval supremacy. The Peace of Nicias followed in 421 BC, but was not to last for long. In 415 BC Athens attacked Syracuse in Sicily, Italy. The Sici ...
... The first part of the war, known as the Archidamian War, included several attacks on Athens by Sparta, although the Athenians countered with a force of naval supremacy. The Peace of Nicias followed in 421 BC, but was not to last for long. In 415 BC Athens attacked Syracuse in Sicily, Italy. The Sici ...
Brandon M. Dennis Alcibiades the Chameleon Fall, 2005 1
... waged a holy war against the tyrant Athens, finally defeating her and tearing down her long walls. And what then? Sparta became imperial and dominated the Aegean, until Thebes overthrew her, becoming imperial and dominating the Aegean, and so forth. The classical age is marked by warfare as nation a ...
... waged a holy war against the tyrant Athens, finally defeating her and tearing down her long walls. And what then? Sparta became imperial and dominated the Aegean, until Thebes overthrew her, becoming imperial and dominating the Aegean, and so forth. The classical age is marked by warfare as nation a ...
Question paper - Unit F391 - Greek history from original sources
... contradict them. Certainly when he saw that they were going too far in a mood of 10 over-confidence, he would bring back to them a sense of their dangers; and when they were discouraged for no good reason he would restore their confidence. So, in what was nominally a democracy, power was really in t ...
... contradict them. Certainly when he saw that they were going too far in a mood of 10 over-confidence, he would bring back to them a sense of their dangers; and when they were discouraged for no good reason he would restore their confidence. So, in what was nominally a democracy, power was really in t ...
Traveler Feature Activities
... 1. Review "The Rise of the Greek City-State, 800–500 B.C.E." in Chapter 6 of your textbook. What factors probably led to the development of the Greek community into which Herodotus was born? 2. Review "The Greco-Persian Wars, 490–479 B.C.E." in Chapter 6 of your textbook. In addition to explaining t ...
... 1. Review "The Rise of the Greek City-State, 800–500 B.C.E." in Chapter 6 of your textbook. What factors probably led to the development of the Greek community into which Herodotus was born? 2. Review "The Greco-Persian Wars, 490–479 B.C.E." in Chapter 6 of your textbook. In addition to explaining t ...
Pamphlet on the Ancient Greeks
... simple territorial dispute, that was not confined to a local area involving just two or three cities, and that lasted more than a few years. Its primary significance in the development of Greek ways of life is that it marked the first major use of hoplites, soldiers in armour who fought in formation ...
... simple territorial dispute, that was not confined to a local area involving just two or three cities, and that lasted more than a few years. Its primary significance in the development of Greek ways of life is that it marked the first major use of hoplites, soldiers in armour who fought in formation ...
Government in Athens
... group of rebels tried to overthrow the aristocrats. They failed. Possibly as a result of their attempt, however, a man named Draco (DRAY-koh) created a new set of laws for Athens. These laws were very harsh. For example, Draco’s laws made minor crimes such as loitering punishable by death. The peopl ...
... group of rebels tried to overthrow the aristocrats. They failed. Possibly as a result of their attempt, however, a man named Draco (DRAY-koh) created a new set of laws for Athens. These laws were very harsh. For example, Draco’s laws made minor crimes such as loitering punishable by death. The peopl ...
AH3 option 2 Conflict
... 2.1 The range of conflicts in the Greek world, 460-403 BC This set of notes attempts to outline, geographically, the kinds of conflict that were going on in the Greek world in this period. Note that the conflicts are of many sorts: conflicts between near-neighbours (Athens and Megara), conflicts abo ...
... 2.1 The range of conflicts in the Greek world, 460-403 BC This set of notes attempts to outline, geographically, the kinds of conflict that were going on in the Greek world in this period. Note that the conflicts are of many sorts: conflicts between near-neighbours (Athens and Megara), conflicts abo ...
Study Guide Thucydides and the Peloponnesian War
... Thucydides recreates the debate in Athens in 427 BC over how to deal with rebellious former allies in Mytilene: should Athens kill and enslave the rebels, or pardon them? The debate raises questions of morality versus expediency in foreign policy. Can a democracy rule an empire? Are the people wise ...
... Thucydides recreates the debate in Athens in 427 BC over how to deal with rebellious former allies in Mytilene: should Athens kill and enslave the rebels, or pardon them? The debate raises questions of morality versus expediency in foreign policy. Can a democracy rule an empire? Are the people wise ...
Sophocles - lewisminusclark
... only 7 have survived. Oedipus the King, also called Oedipus Tyrannos or Oedipus Rex, written around 420 BC, has long been regarded not only as his finest play but also as the purest and most powerful expression of Greek tragic drama. ...
... only 7 have survived. Oedipus the King, also called Oedipus Tyrannos or Oedipus Rex, written around 420 BC, has long been regarded not only as his finest play but also as the purest and most powerful expression of Greek tragic drama. ...
AH3 option 2 Conflict
... 2.1 The range of conflicts in the Greek world, 460-403 BC This set of notes attempts to outline, geographically, the kinds of conflict that were going on in the Greek world in this period. Note that the conflicts are of many sorts: conflicts between near-neighbours (Athens and Megara), conflicts abo ...
... 2.1 The range of conflicts in the Greek world, 460-403 BC This set of notes attempts to outline, geographically, the kinds of conflict that were going on in the Greek world in this period. Note that the conflicts are of many sorts: conflicts between near-neighbours (Athens and Megara), conflicts abo ...
ThuCyDIDES ON POlICy, STRATEgy, AND WAR TERMINATION
... them in tearing down the walls of all the cities in Greece. They argued, disingenuously, that walled cities would merely give the Persians strong points for defense if they invaded again and that anyway all Greeks could retreat to Spartan protection in the Peloponnesus if the Persians returned (1.90 ...
... them in tearing down the walls of all the cities in Greece. They argued, disingenuously, that walled cities would merely give the Persians strong points for defense if they invaded again and that anyway all Greeks could retreat to Spartan protection in the Peloponnesus if the Persians returned (1.90 ...
Western Civilization
... through the Dark Age, an era of transition between a dead Mycenaean civilization and a still unborn Hellenic civilization. The Dark Age saw the migration of Greek tribes from the barren mountainous regions of Greece to more fertile plains, and from the mainland to Aegean islands and the coast of Asi ...
... through the Dark Age, an era of transition between a dead Mycenaean civilization and a still unborn Hellenic civilization. The Dark Age saw the migration of Greek tribes from the barren mountainous regions of Greece to more fertile plains, and from the mainland to Aegean islands and the coast of Asi ...
1º de educación secundaria obligatoria
... Seisachtheia, he communicated his intention to some members of the upper class, whereupon, as the partisans of the popular party say, his friends stole a march on him; while those who wish to attack his character maintain that he too had a share in the fraud himself. For these persons borrowed money ...
... Seisachtheia, he communicated his intention to some members of the upper class, whereupon, as the partisans of the popular party say, his friends stole a march on him; while those who wish to attack his character maintain that he too had a share in the fraud himself. For these persons borrowed money ...
Open catalogue - The University of Sydney
... structure and an architectural marvel. This Golden Age of Athens has resonated through time – influencing the development of art, architecture, politics, science and education from the Renaissance to the modern day. The power of Athens was opposed by the Spartans and through much of the second half ...
... structure and an architectural marvel. This Golden Age of Athens has resonated through time – influencing the development of art, architecture, politics, science and education from the Renaissance to the modern day. The power of Athens was opposed by the Spartans and through much of the second half ...
READING ATHENS – The … ideal city 1 The ACROPOLIS – `In the
... The dazzling outcrop satisfied all prerequisites for permanent settlement. Reinforced with fortification, it first became a Mycenaean citadel, which then turned into the ‘Sacred Rock’ that housed the patron goddess and other deities, and in the classical period the glorious building complex exhibite ...
... The dazzling outcrop satisfied all prerequisites for permanent settlement. Reinforced with fortification, it first became a Mycenaean citadel, which then turned into the ‘Sacred Rock’ that housed the patron goddess and other deities, and in the classical period the glorious building complex exhibite ...
Institutions, taxation, and market relationships in ancient Athens
... of economic or military crises, which lead to short term fluctuations in the violence potential of different groups. It is possible to prevent a revolution, because a revolution is costly and much of the wealth of a society may be destroyed (to everybody’s loss). Similarly, with a democratic consti ...
... of economic or military crises, which lead to short term fluctuations in the violence potential of different groups. It is possible to prevent a revolution, because a revolution is costly and much of the wealth of a society may be destroyed (to everybody’s loss). Similarly, with a democratic consti ...
Xenia - CLAS Users
... “Muses of Pieria who give glory through song, come hither, tell of Zeus your father and chant his praise. Through him all mortal men are famed or unfamed, sung or unsung alike, and easily he brings the strong man low; easily he humbles the proud and raises the obscure, and easily he straightens the ...
... “Muses of Pieria who give glory through song, come hither, tell of Zeus your father and chant his praise. Through him all mortal men are famed or unfamed, sung or unsung alike, and easily he brings the strong man low; easily he humbles the proud and raises the obscure, and easily he straightens the ...
Ancient Greek warfare
The Greek 'Dark Age' drew to a close as a significant increase in population allowed urbanized culture to be restored, and the rise of the city-states (Poleis). These developments ushered in the Archaic period (800-480 BC). They also restored the capability of organized warfare between these Poleis (as opposed to small-scale raids to acquire livestock and grain, for example). The fractious nature of Ancient Greek society seems to have made continuous conflict on this larger scale inevitable.Concomitant with the rise of the city-state was the evolution of a new way of warfare - the hoplite phalanx. When exactly the phalanx developed is uncertain, but it is thought to have been developed by the Spartans. The chigi vase, dated to around 650 BC, is the earliest depiction of a hoplite in full battle array. The hoplite was a well-armed and armored citizen-soldier primarily drawn from the middle classes. Every man had to serve at least two years in the army. Fighting in the tight phalanx formation maximised the effectiveness of his armor, large shield and long spear, presenting a wall of armor and spearpoints to the enemy. They were a force to be reckoned with.With this evolution in warfare, battles seem to have consisted mostly of the clash of hoplite phalanxes from the city-states in conflict. Since the soldiers were citizens with other occupations, warfare was limited in distance, season and scale. Neither side could afford heavy casualties or sustained campaigns, so conflicts seem to have been resolved by a single set-piece battle.The scale and scope of warfare in Ancient Greece changed dramatically as a result of the Greco-Persian Wars. To fight the enormous armies of the Achaemenid Empire was effectively beyond the capabilities of a single city-state. The eventual triumph of the Greeks was achieved by alliances of many city-states (the exact composition changing over time), allowing the pooling of resources and division of labour. Although alliances between city states occurred before this time, nothing on this scale had been seen before. The rise of Athens and Sparta as pre-eminent powers during this conflict led directly to the Peloponnesian War, which saw further development of the nature of warfare, strategy and tactics. Fought between leagues of cities dominated by Athens and Sparta, the increased manpower and financial resources increased the scale, and allowed the diversification of warfare. Set-piece battles during the Peloponnesian war proved indecisive and instead there was increased reliance on attritionary strategies, naval battle and blockades and sieges. These changes greatly increased the number of casualties and the disruption of Greek society.Following the eventual defeat of the Athenians in 404 BC, and the disbandment of the Athenian-dominated Delian League, Ancient Greece fell under the hegemony of Sparta. However, it was soon apparent that the hegemony was unstable, and the Persian Empire sponsored a rebellion by the combined powers of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, resulting in the Corinthian War (395-387 BC). After largely inconclusive campaigning, the war was decided when the Persians switched to supporting the Spartans, in return for the cities of Ionia and Spartan non-interference in Asia Minor. This brought the rebels to terms, and restored the Spartan hegemony on a more stable footing. The Spartan hegemony would last another 16 years, until, at the Battle of Leuctra (371) the Spartans were decisively defeated by the Theban general Epaminondas.In the aftermath of this, the Thebans acted with alacrity to establish a hegemony of their own over Greece. However, Thebes lacked sufficient manpower and resources, and became overstretched in attempting to impose itself on the rest of Greece. Following the death of Epaminondas and loss of manpower at the Battle of Mantinea, the Theban hegemony ceased. Indeed, the losses in the ten years of the Theban hegemony left all the Greek city-states weakened and divided. As such, the city-states of southern Greece would shortly afterwards be powerless to resist the rise of the Macedonian kingdom in the north. With revolutionary tactics, King Phillip II brought most of Greece under his sway, paving the way for the conquest of ""the known world"" by his son Alexander the Great. The rise of the Macedonian Kingdom is generally taken to signal the end of the Greek Classical period, and certainly marked the end of the distinctive hoplite battle in Ancient Greece.