6.3 Solon`s Reform
... of all Athenians: 1. He set up a supreme court (最搞法院), to check the law passed by the assembly of all the Athenians. 2. It was composed of ex-magistrate (who had served as members of magistrate): They serve for life, so in a sense, since they’d been elected by the people, they were indirectly select ...
... of all Athenians: 1. He set up a supreme court (最搞法院), to check the law passed by the assembly of all the Athenians. 2. It was composed of ex-magistrate (who had served as members of magistrate): They serve for life, so in a sense, since they’d been elected by the people, they were indirectly select ...
... Our plan of government favors the many instead of the few: that is why it is called a democracy…As for social standing, advancement is open to everyone, according to ability. While every citizen has an equal opportunity to serve the public, we reward our most distinguished citizens by asking them to ...
Intro to Greek Theater and Oedipus
... Born in Athens, Greece, between 500-494 BCE Belonged to an affluent Athenian family Wrote at least 120 plays, 90 of them tragedies Died 406-405 BCE ...
... Born in Athens, Greece, between 500-494 BCE Belonged to an affluent Athenian family Wrote at least 120 plays, 90 of them tragedies Died 406-405 BCE ...
chapter i politics and religion till the rise of islam
... control land and water at various times. Sumerian cities were surrounded by walls. “Uruk occupied an area of approximately a thousand acres encircled by a wall six miles long with defense towers located every thirty to thirty-five feet along the wall.” “Lack of rainfall might have been the inspirati ...
... control land and water at various times. Sumerian cities were surrounded by walls. “Uruk occupied an area of approximately a thousand acres encircled by a wall six miles long with defense towers located every thirty to thirty-five feet along the wall.” “Lack of rainfall might have been the inspirati ...
Thucydides
... • History of the Peloponnesian War • Born in or near Athens, Thucydides was the son of an aristocratic Athenian. • Recording its course and outcome. • In 424 BC he was appointed one of the generals to command the Athenian fleet off the Thracian coast but was defated by the Spartan general Brasidas. ...
... • History of the Peloponnesian War • Born in or near Athens, Thucydides was the son of an aristocratic Athenian. • Recording its course and outcome. • In 424 BC he was appointed one of the generals to command the Athenian fleet off the Thracian coast but was defated by the Spartan general Brasidas. ...
Alexander the Great
... farther than it already was, he began to prepare his armies for an invasion. Unfortunately, he never got to carry out this grand military plan of his, for he was assassinated in 336 B.C. Upon Philip's untimely death, his loyal troops hailed Alexander as their new king, but not everybody in Macedonia ...
... farther than it already was, he began to prepare his armies for an invasion. Unfortunately, he never got to carry out this grand military plan of his, for he was assassinated in 336 B.C. Upon Philip's untimely death, his loyal troops hailed Alexander as their new king, but not everybody in Macedonia ...
Illinois classical studies: http://hdl.handle.net/10684
... (0Ea-CT|<;) of the city's beauty and size. Plutarch finds this story difficult to accept in view of the acid comment made by Cato who, while in Athens, availed himself of the services of an interpreter; ". the Athenians were astonished at the speed and pungency (6^\)tti<;) of his discourse. For what ...
... (0Ea-CT|<;) of the city's beauty and size. Plutarch finds this story difficult to accept in view of the acid comment made by Cato who, while in Athens, availed himself of the services of an interpreter; ". the Athenians were astonished at the speed and pungency (6^\)tti<;) of his discourse. For what ...
Divine Deliverance A New Look at Euripidean Tragedy
... Tragedy is a well-known genre with a rich history in the Classical world. In the 5th century BCE, Athens had the incredible opportunity of knowing three extraordinary tragedians, and we are fortunate enough to still read their works today. Sophocles, Aeschylus, and Euripides have all written works t ...
... Tragedy is a well-known genre with a rich history in the Classical world. In the 5th century BCE, Athens had the incredible opportunity of knowing three extraordinary tragedians, and we are fortunate enough to still read their works today. Sophocles, Aeschylus, and Euripides have all written works t ...
Attic protogeometric cup late c11th
... • Patterns and details were created in this way. When the design was complete, the vase was fired. ...
... • Patterns and details were created in this way. When the design was complete, the vase was fired. ...
Thrace - The Metropolitan Museum of Art
... from solving the great problem of the origin of the Thracians, which has recently exercised historians and is being considered in connection with their possible autochthonous tribal development and the great migrations in the Balkans. Troubled times set in for the whole peninsula at the end of the B ...
... from solving the great problem of the origin of the Thracians, which has recently exercised historians and is being considered in connection with their possible autochthonous tribal development and the great migrations in the Balkans. Troubled times set in for the whole peninsula at the end of the B ...
Demosthenes (384-322 B.C.) Athenian statesman, recognized as
... drinker"; that is, a severe and perhaps forbidding personality. Although name-calling was common practice in the Assembly, Demosthenes' wit was exceptionally caustic; when defending himself in his speech "On the Crown" against the attacks of his lifelong rival, Aeschines, he did not scruple to call ...
... drinker"; that is, a severe and perhaps forbidding personality. Although name-calling was common practice in the Assembly, Demosthenes' wit was exceptionally caustic; when defending himself in his speech "On the Crown" against the attacks of his lifelong rival, Aeschines, he did not scruple to call ...
THE SO-CALLED DEFENSIVE POLICY OF PERICLES
... compelled to seek land elsewhere by force of anns, whereas the Athenians had much land both in the islands and on the mainland.15 So important was their produce to the Peloponnesians that they could collect their allies only once a year, and that in the summer before harvesting, to invade Attica.16 ...
... compelled to seek land elsewhere by force of anns, whereas the Athenians had much land both in the islands and on the mainland.15 So important was their produce to the Peloponnesians that they could collect their allies only once a year, and that in the summer before harvesting, to invade Attica.16 ...
The Parthenon marbles
... The centuries passed and the glory of Athens faded. Many conquerors passed from the Acropolis, each leaving their mark on the Parthenon. The Heruls, an ancient barbaric German tribe, the Romans, the Christians, the Franks, the Ottomans, the Venetians... In the 6th century AD, it was converted into ...
... The centuries passed and the glory of Athens faded. Many conquerors passed from the Acropolis, each leaving their mark on the Parthenon. The Heruls, an ancient barbaric German tribe, the Romans, the Christians, the Franks, the Ottomans, the Venetians... In the 6th century AD, it was converted into ...
dr. Agnieszka Bielawska Adam Mickiewicz University Faculty of
... wisdom are the greatest virtues, and winning the fame amongst men is a highest award of all 6. How the ancient authors are pointing out, the political system of Sparta, first classical Greek polis, derived from the Cretan Dorians who were supposed to follow the example of order established by Minos7 ...
... wisdom are the greatest virtues, and winning the fame amongst men is a highest award of all 6. How the ancient authors are pointing out, the political system of Sparta, first classical Greek polis, derived from the Cretan Dorians who were supposed to follow the example of order established by Minos7 ...
How did Pericles and Caesar influence (positively and
... War broke out between Athens and Sparta. When Cimon volunteered to come back and join the Athenian army, which he had commanded as its general many times, Pericles and his party compelled Cimon to leave. The Spartans gave the Athenians a severe beating, and the Athenians became anxious for peace. Bu ...
... War broke out between Athens and Sparta. When Cimon volunteered to come back and join the Athenian army, which he had commanded as its general many times, Pericles and his party compelled Cimon to leave. The Spartans gave the Athenians a severe beating, and the Athenians became anxious for peace. Bu ...
Pericles
... problem, he promoted the interests of the demos -- the most numerous class of middle and low income citizens -- so as to avoid their suspicion. Pericles was educated by the sophist Daman, who taught him politics, by Zeno the Eleatic who taught him argumentation, and by Anaxagoras who taught him nobi ...
... problem, he promoted the interests of the demos -- the most numerous class of middle and low income citizens -- so as to avoid their suspicion. Pericles was educated by the sophist Daman, who taught him politics, by Zeno the Eleatic who taught him argumentation, and by Anaxagoras who taught him nobi ...
Winchester 2 Table of Contents Chapter One: Historical Background
... In this thesis, I will examine the dynamics of power between the Athenian assembly and the three generals assigned to positions of command in the Sicilian Expedition – Alcibiades, Nicias, and Lamachus – and attempt to contextualize Alcibiades’ defecting from Athens to Sparta. I focus on the Sicilian ...
... In this thesis, I will examine the dynamics of power between the Athenian assembly and the three generals assigned to positions of command in the Sicilian Expedition – Alcibiades, Nicias, and Lamachus – and attempt to contextualize Alcibiades’ defecting from Athens to Sparta. I focus on the Sicilian ...
Thuc. 8.25-27 - The Ancient History Bulletin
... (twenty-two from Sicily and thirty-three from the Peloponnese) to the Peloponnesian admiral Astyochus. Therimenes had first anchored at Leros, and when he got information about the Athenians’ presence at Miletus, he moved to Teichioussa in the Iasian gulf with a view to reconnoitring the area. There ...
... (twenty-two from Sicily and thirty-three from the Peloponnese) to the Peloponnesian admiral Astyochus. Therimenes had first anchored at Leros, and when he got information about the Athenians’ presence at Miletus, he moved to Teichioussa in the Iasian gulf with a view to reconnoitring the area. There ...
the history of western civilization
... womanly virtues to those of you who will henceforth be widows, let me sum them up in one short admonition: To a woman not to show more weakness than is natural to her sex is a great glory, and not to be talked about for good or for evil among men. from the Peloponnesian War (Book 2.34-46) by Thucydi ...
... womanly virtues to those of you who will henceforth be widows, let me sum them up in one short admonition: To a woman not to show more weakness than is natural to her sex is a great glory, and not to be talked about for good or for evil among men. from the Peloponnesian War (Book 2.34-46) by Thucydi ...
AH 1.3 Politics and Society of Ancient Sparta Maria Preztler
... Historiography, wrote c. 450s-420s BC; from Halicarnassus. Herodotus, The Histories, trans. A. de Selincourt, revised by J. Marincola (Penguin). Herodotus was from Halicarnassus in Asia Minor, and is therefore one of the few Greek authors of the classical period who were not Athenian. He did, howeve ...
... Historiography, wrote c. 450s-420s BC; from Halicarnassus. Herodotus, The Histories, trans. A. de Selincourt, revised by J. Marincola (Penguin). Herodotus was from Halicarnassus in Asia Minor, and is therefore one of the few Greek authors of the classical period who were not Athenian. He did, howeve ...
CHIRPING LIKE THE SWALLOWS: ARISTOPHANES
... one identifies him- or herself may not match how others identify him or her. Each of these two identities, however, greatly affects the other, and as such both identities are constantly shifting. Consequently, as social environments and cultural norms change, so do the socially constructed boundarie ...
... one identifies him- or herself may not match how others identify him or her. Each of these two identities, however, greatly affects the other, and as such both identities are constantly shifting. Consequently, as social environments and cultural norms change, so do the socially constructed boundarie ...
Xerxes` career – packages of information
... Xerxes was so incensed by the defeat at Salamis that he executed the Phoenician captains of his fleet for cowardice. This incensed the Phoenicians and Egyptians, and they sailed home, leaving Xerxes without a fleet. It was this rather than the defeat at Salamis that deprived Xerxes of his fleet and ...
... Xerxes was so incensed by the defeat at Salamis that he executed the Phoenician captains of his fleet for cowardice. This incensed the Phoenicians and Egyptians, and they sailed home, leaving Xerxes without a fleet. It was this rather than the defeat at Salamis that deprived Xerxes of his fleet and ...
AH1 option 3 Sparta
... Historiography, wrote c. 450s-420s BC; from Halicarnassus. Herodotus, The Histories, trans. A. de Selincourt, revised by J. Marincola (Penguin). Herodotus was from Halicarnassus in Asia Minor, and is therefore one of the few Greek authors of the classical period who were not Athenian. He did, howeve ...
... Historiography, wrote c. 450s-420s BC; from Halicarnassus. Herodotus, The Histories, trans. A. de Selincourt, revised by J. Marincola (Penguin). Herodotus was from Halicarnassus in Asia Minor, and is therefore one of the few Greek authors of the classical period who were not Athenian. He did, howeve ...
Parthenon - Action West London
... Parthenon was built under the general supervision of the great sculptor Phidias (also responsible for the sculptural decorations) by the architects Ictinos and Callicrates and was completed by 431 BC. Parthenon was built of marble stone from Mount Pentelicus, which is 16 km away from Acropolis a ...
... Parthenon was built under the general supervision of the great sculptor Phidias (also responsible for the sculptural decorations) by the architects Ictinos and Callicrates and was completed by 431 BC. Parthenon was built of marble stone from Mount Pentelicus, which is 16 km away from Acropolis a ...
Untitled
... addressed. If one is to assert that literate education helped maintain and promote a culture in which a majority of citizens seemed content to live at or near the subsistence level in one of the wealthiest societies of the time by reinforcing certain values, one must examine the economy, values, and ...
... addressed. If one is to assert that literate education helped maintain and promote a culture in which a majority of citizens seemed content to live at or near the subsistence level in one of the wealthiest societies of the time by reinforcing certain values, one must examine the economy, values, and ...
Ancient Greek warfare
The Greek 'Dark Age' drew to a close as a significant increase in population allowed urbanized culture to be restored, and the rise of the city-states (Poleis). These developments ushered in the Archaic period (800-480 BC). They also restored the capability of organized warfare between these Poleis (as opposed to small-scale raids to acquire livestock and grain, for example). The fractious nature of Ancient Greek society seems to have made continuous conflict on this larger scale inevitable.Concomitant with the rise of the city-state was the evolution of a new way of warfare - the hoplite phalanx. When exactly the phalanx developed is uncertain, but it is thought to have been developed by the Spartans. The chigi vase, dated to around 650 BC, is the earliest depiction of a hoplite in full battle array. The hoplite was a well-armed and armored citizen-soldier primarily drawn from the middle classes. Every man had to serve at least two years in the army. Fighting in the tight phalanx formation maximised the effectiveness of his armor, large shield and long spear, presenting a wall of armor and spearpoints to the enemy. They were a force to be reckoned with.With this evolution in warfare, battles seem to have consisted mostly of the clash of hoplite phalanxes from the city-states in conflict. Since the soldiers were citizens with other occupations, warfare was limited in distance, season and scale. Neither side could afford heavy casualties or sustained campaigns, so conflicts seem to have been resolved by a single set-piece battle.The scale and scope of warfare in Ancient Greece changed dramatically as a result of the Greco-Persian Wars. To fight the enormous armies of the Achaemenid Empire was effectively beyond the capabilities of a single city-state. The eventual triumph of the Greeks was achieved by alliances of many city-states (the exact composition changing over time), allowing the pooling of resources and division of labour. Although alliances between city states occurred before this time, nothing on this scale had been seen before. The rise of Athens and Sparta as pre-eminent powers during this conflict led directly to the Peloponnesian War, which saw further development of the nature of warfare, strategy and tactics. Fought between leagues of cities dominated by Athens and Sparta, the increased manpower and financial resources increased the scale, and allowed the diversification of warfare. Set-piece battles during the Peloponnesian war proved indecisive and instead there was increased reliance on attritionary strategies, naval battle and blockades and sieges. These changes greatly increased the number of casualties and the disruption of Greek society.Following the eventual defeat of the Athenians in 404 BC, and the disbandment of the Athenian-dominated Delian League, Ancient Greece fell under the hegemony of Sparta. However, it was soon apparent that the hegemony was unstable, and the Persian Empire sponsored a rebellion by the combined powers of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, resulting in the Corinthian War (395-387 BC). After largely inconclusive campaigning, the war was decided when the Persians switched to supporting the Spartans, in return for the cities of Ionia and Spartan non-interference in Asia Minor. This brought the rebels to terms, and restored the Spartan hegemony on a more stable footing. The Spartan hegemony would last another 16 years, until, at the Battle of Leuctra (371) the Spartans were decisively defeated by the Theban general Epaminondas.In the aftermath of this, the Thebans acted with alacrity to establish a hegemony of their own over Greece. However, Thebes lacked sufficient manpower and resources, and became overstretched in attempting to impose itself on the rest of Greece. Following the death of Epaminondas and loss of manpower at the Battle of Mantinea, the Theban hegemony ceased. Indeed, the losses in the ten years of the Theban hegemony left all the Greek city-states weakened and divided. As such, the city-states of southern Greece would shortly afterwards be powerless to resist the rise of the Macedonian kingdom in the north. With revolutionary tactics, King Phillip II brought most of Greece under his sway, paving the way for the conquest of ""the known world"" by his son Alexander the Great. The rise of the Macedonian Kingdom is generally taken to signal the end of the Greek Classical period, and certainly marked the end of the distinctive hoplite battle in Ancient Greece.