War, disenfranchisement and the fall of the ancient Athenian
... Areopagus. With the restoration of democracy, pay for attending the Assembly at the average daily wage was introduced. Gradually the economy recovered and public revenues burgeoned. Helped by Persian money, Athens rebuilt her fleet and formed new alliances but did not levy tribute. Fighting against ...
... Areopagus. With the restoration of democracy, pay for attending the Assembly at the average daily wage was introduced. Gradually the economy recovered and public revenues burgeoned. Helped by Persian money, Athens rebuilt her fleet and formed new alliances but did not levy tribute. Fighting against ...
"Boule" In - Monica Berti
... the boule on the hill of Ares (see AREOPAGOS) and the boule of the 500. The latter was very probably preceded by an earlier council created by SOLON and composed of 400 members (100 from each of the four Ionian tribes): this council functioned beside the Areopagos and its main duty was to prepare th ...
... the boule on the hill of Ares (see AREOPAGOS) and the boule of the 500. The latter was very probably preceded by an earlier council created by SOLON and composed of 400 members (100 from each of the four Ionian tribes): this council functioned beside the Areopagos and its main duty was to prepare th ...
Socrates - Mr. Dowling
... someone. What we know about Socrates comes mostly from his student, Plato. Plato wrote down his teacher’s ideas in a series of dialogues. A dialogue is a conversation between two people. Athens had recently lost the Peloponnesian War to Sparta, and the humiliated leaders of the polis did not want a ...
... someone. What we know about Socrates comes mostly from his student, Plato. Plato wrote down his teacher’s ideas in a series of dialogues. A dialogue is a conversation between two people. Athens had recently lost the Peloponnesian War to Sparta, and the humiliated leaders of the polis did not want a ...
Name: Date - Mr. Dowling
... someone. What we know about Socrates comes mostly from his student, Plato. Plato wrote down his teacher’s ideas in a series of dialogues. A dialogue is a conversation between two people. Athens had recently lost the Peloponnesian War to Sparta, and the humiliated leaders of the polis did not want a ...
... someone. What we know about Socrates comes mostly from his student, Plato. Plato wrote down his teacher’s ideas in a series of dialogues. A dialogue is a conversation between two people. Athens had recently lost the Peloponnesian War to Sparta, and the humiliated leaders of the polis did not want a ...
Introductory Guide to Ancient Civilizations
... Inspired by the conquests of Sargon, another Mesopotamian king would move to conquer and rule over Mesopotamia. He would become the most popular king of the Old Babylonian Empire. His name was King Hammurabi and he reigned from 1792 to 1750 BCE. Hammurabi created a more central administration; he di ...
... Inspired by the conquests of Sargon, another Mesopotamian king would move to conquer and rule over Mesopotamia. He would become the most popular king of the Old Babylonian Empire. His name was King Hammurabi and he reigned from 1792 to 1750 BCE. Hammurabi created a more central administration; he di ...
Summary - Repozytorium UR
... west shores. It was the so-called Ionian War (413-404), the last phase of the Great Peloponnesian War. Main opponents of the war were Athens, leading the Athenian Confederacy, and Sparta with her allies. The Athenian Confederacy for years made a threat for the west boundaries of the Persian Empire, ...
... west shores. It was the so-called Ionian War (413-404), the last phase of the Great Peloponnesian War. Main opponents of the war were Athens, leading the Athenian Confederacy, and Sparta with her allies. The Athenian Confederacy for years made a threat for the west boundaries of the Persian Empire, ...
Thucydides and Civil War: the Case of Alcibiades
... civilization -- than a war by one Greek city for glorious empire against its leading rivals and over them. It is political, if Thucycides is right;, not civilizational, it is about who rules, and what Alcibiades wanted his democratic countrymen wanted too. Alcibiades wanted to take not only Sicily b ...
... civilization -- than a war by one Greek city for glorious empire against its leading rivals and over them. It is political, if Thucycides is right;, not civilizational, it is about who rules, and what Alcibiades wanted his democratic countrymen wanted too. Alcibiades wanted to take not only Sicily b ...
Neil Mullings Athens Paper one-1 blog
... The purpose of the frieze can possibly be explained by the similariKes and contrasts of both Athena and Pandora. As stated by Huwit “the fiWh-‐century Athenian saw or constructed in terms of polariKes ...
... The purpose of the frieze can possibly be explained by the similariKes and contrasts of both Athena and Pandora. As stated by Huwit “the fiWh-‐century Athenian saw or constructed in terms of polariKes ...
The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Day In Old Athens by William
... The writer has been under a heavy debt to the numerous and excellent works on Greek "Private Antiquities" and "Public Life" written in English, French, or German, as well as to the various great Classical Encyclopedias and Dictionaries, and to many treatises and monographs upon the topography of Ath ...
... The writer has been under a heavy debt to the numerous and excellent works on Greek "Private Antiquities" and "Public Life" written in English, French, or German, as well as to the various great Classical Encyclopedias and Dictionaries, and to many treatises and monographs upon the topography of Ath ...
Sophocles`s background - Mr. Harris English Class
... husband denounce her before dying, and she commits suicide. In this play Sophocles describes the difficult situation of the person who, without meaning to, hurts those whom he or she loves. Oedipus Rex (429 B.C.E.), which many have considered the greatest play of all time, is not about sex or murder ...
... husband denounce her before dying, and she commits suicide. In this play Sophocles describes the difficult situation of the person who, without meaning to, hurts those whom he or she loves. Oedipus Rex (429 B.C.E.), which many have considered the greatest play of all time, is not about sex or murder ...
For over 20 years, at Athens` height, the city was dominated by the
... In 451 Pericles introduced a new citizenship law which prevented the son of an Athenian father and a non-Athenian mother becoming a full citizen. The law's main effect was to curb the power of the aristocrats since if their heirs could not be legally recognized they could no longer forge alliances w ...
... In 451 Pericles introduced a new citizenship law which prevented the son of an Athenian father and a non-Athenian mother becoming a full citizen. The law's main effect was to curb the power of the aristocrats since if their heirs could not be legally recognized they could no longer forge alliances w ...
Unit 3: Greek Tragedy - Aquinas Classical Civilisation
... threatened by outside enemies. At the beginning of the fifth century BC, the Persians, led by Darius, crossed the Aegean to conquer Athens. After its triumph over Miletos in 494, the Persian army began to be defeated, with Athens winning the decisive victory at Marathon in 490. The battles of Salami ...
... threatened by outside enemies. At the beginning of the fifth century BC, the Persians, led by Darius, crossed the Aegean to conquer Athens. After its triumph over Miletos in 494, the Persian army began to be defeated, with Athens winning the decisive victory at Marathon in 490. The battles of Salami ...
e Development of Athenian Democracy
... “Archons” under the new system, and Athens came to be governed by the King Archon, the War-Lord, and the Archon (this last sometimes called the Eponymous Archon, because the year was identified by his name). “Appointment to the supreme offices of state went by birth and wealth; and they were held at ...
... “Archons” under the new system, and Athens came to be governed by the King Archon, the War-Lord, and the Archon (this last sometimes called the Eponymous Archon, because the year was identified by his name). “Appointment to the supreme offices of state went by birth and wealth; and they were held at ...
The Great Philosopher- Educator
... the individual Athenian in his own person seems to have the power of adapting himself to the most varied forms of action with the utmost versatility and grace. This is no passing and idle word, but truth and fact; and the assertion is verified by the position to which these qualities have raised the ...
... the individual Athenian in his own person seems to have the power of adapting himself to the most varied forms of action with the utmost versatility and grace. This is no passing and idle word, but truth and fact; and the assertion is verified by the position to which these qualities have raised the ...
Historein - eJournals
... nor realised has its roots in a political question which goes back to sixteenth-century Europe: the question of “how not to be governed” or “not being governed quite so much”. Critique, according to Foucault, was then crystallised in the Enlightenment as a challenge to governmentalisation – the move ...
... nor realised has its roots in a political question which goes back to sixteenth-century Europe: the question of “how not to be governed” or “not being governed quite so much”. Critique, according to Foucault, was then crystallised in the Enlightenment as a challenge to governmentalisation – the move ...
III. Political Onomastics of Classical Athens
... mentality of the Athenian citizenry which Nicias did not take into account. It is significant that warning the Athenians against Sicilian expedition, he pointed out to the remoteness of Sicily and magnitude of the whole undertaking. His arguments were similar to those of Themistocles who before Cyru ...
... mentality of the Athenian citizenry which Nicias did not take into account. It is significant that warning the Athenians against Sicilian expedition, he pointed out to the remoteness of Sicily and magnitude of the whole undertaking. His arguments were similar to those of Themistocles who before Cyru ...
Minoans and Myceneans - HowesLatinIII
... Located on Crete By 2100 BC, small city-states populated the island Knossos is most well known palace complex (1700-1375 BC) “Redistributive” system Crossroad for Mediterranean trade ...
... Located on Crete By 2100 BC, small city-states populated the island Knossos is most well known palace complex (1700-1375 BC) “Redistributive” system Crossroad for Mediterranean trade ...
PERICLEAN IMPERIAL POLICY AND THE MYTILENEAN DEBATE
... line with the general tendency at present. 4 In thought and style Thucydides did not give a faithful copy of any individual speaker. 'The speeches are compressed examples of the reasoning to be followed under different circumstances, though at the same time more than that, because they both convey ...
... line with the general tendency at present. 4 In thought and style Thucydides did not give a faithful copy of any individual speaker. 'The speeches are compressed examples of the reasoning to be followed under different circumstances, though at the same time more than that, because they both convey ...
Kairos: a cultural history of time in the Greek polis
... Athens again takes center stage. The many small communities of Attica each had their own versions of religious time, which included shared festivals in which they joined together into parts of a larger whole. When the Athenians found themselves in possession of an empire, they attempted to extend t ...
... Athens again takes center stage. The many small communities of Attica each had their own versions of religious time, which included shared festivals in which they joined together into parts of a larger whole. When the Athenians found themselves in possession of an empire, they attempted to extend t ...
Professor Lanni`s paper
... And here is the paradox: order was maintained despite relatively weak mechanisms of formal coercion. Indeed, some scholars have gone so far as to challenge whether Athens should be categorized as a “state” and whether Athenian officials can be said to have exercised a monopoly of legitimate violenc ...
... And here is the paradox: order was maintained despite relatively weak mechanisms of formal coercion. Indeed, some scholars have gone so far as to challenge whether Athens should be categorized as a “state” and whether Athenian officials can be said to have exercised a monopoly of legitimate violenc ...
the ptolemies versus the achaean and aetolian leagues in the 250s
... the king of Egypt for several years, and his successors could refer to their predecessor’s activity on the Aegean Sea in their policy.3 In continental Greece, apart from Athens, it was the Peloponnese that became the Lagids’ main object of interest. We may suppose that this was a deliberate politica ...
... the king of Egypt for several years, and his successors could refer to their predecessor’s activity on the Aegean Sea in their policy.3 In continental Greece, apart from Athens, it was the Peloponnese that became the Lagids’ main object of interest. We may suppose that this was a deliberate politica ...
Ancient Greek warfare
The Greek 'Dark Age' drew to a close as a significant increase in population allowed urbanized culture to be restored, and the rise of the city-states (Poleis). These developments ushered in the Archaic period (800-480 BC). They also restored the capability of organized warfare between these Poleis (as opposed to small-scale raids to acquire livestock and grain, for example). The fractious nature of Ancient Greek society seems to have made continuous conflict on this larger scale inevitable.Concomitant with the rise of the city-state was the evolution of a new way of warfare - the hoplite phalanx. When exactly the phalanx developed is uncertain, but it is thought to have been developed by the Spartans. The chigi vase, dated to around 650 BC, is the earliest depiction of a hoplite in full battle array. The hoplite was a well-armed and armored citizen-soldier primarily drawn from the middle classes. Every man had to serve at least two years in the army. Fighting in the tight phalanx formation maximised the effectiveness of his armor, large shield and long spear, presenting a wall of armor and spearpoints to the enemy. They were a force to be reckoned with.With this evolution in warfare, battles seem to have consisted mostly of the clash of hoplite phalanxes from the city-states in conflict. Since the soldiers were citizens with other occupations, warfare was limited in distance, season and scale. Neither side could afford heavy casualties or sustained campaigns, so conflicts seem to have been resolved by a single set-piece battle.The scale and scope of warfare in Ancient Greece changed dramatically as a result of the Greco-Persian Wars. To fight the enormous armies of the Achaemenid Empire was effectively beyond the capabilities of a single city-state. The eventual triumph of the Greeks was achieved by alliances of many city-states (the exact composition changing over time), allowing the pooling of resources and division of labour. Although alliances between city states occurred before this time, nothing on this scale had been seen before. The rise of Athens and Sparta as pre-eminent powers during this conflict led directly to the Peloponnesian War, which saw further development of the nature of warfare, strategy and tactics. Fought between leagues of cities dominated by Athens and Sparta, the increased manpower and financial resources increased the scale, and allowed the diversification of warfare. Set-piece battles during the Peloponnesian war proved indecisive and instead there was increased reliance on attritionary strategies, naval battle and blockades and sieges. These changes greatly increased the number of casualties and the disruption of Greek society.Following the eventual defeat of the Athenians in 404 BC, and the disbandment of the Athenian-dominated Delian League, Ancient Greece fell under the hegemony of Sparta. However, it was soon apparent that the hegemony was unstable, and the Persian Empire sponsored a rebellion by the combined powers of Athens, Thebes, Corinth and Argos, resulting in the Corinthian War (395-387 BC). After largely inconclusive campaigning, the war was decided when the Persians switched to supporting the Spartans, in return for the cities of Ionia and Spartan non-interference in Asia Minor. This brought the rebels to terms, and restored the Spartan hegemony on a more stable footing. The Spartan hegemony would last another 16 years, until, at the Battle of Leuctra (371) the Spartans were decisively defeated by the Theban general Epaminondas.In the aftermath of this, the Thebans acted with alacrity to establish a hegemony of their own over Greece. However, Thebes lacked sufficient manpower and resources, and became overstretched in attempting to impose itself on the rest of Greece. Following the death of Epaminondas and loss of manpower at the Battle of Mantinea, the Theban hegemony ceased. Indeed, the losses in the ten years of the Theban hegemony left all the Greek city-states weakened and divided. As such, the city-states of southern Greece would shortly afterwards be powerless to resist the rise of the Macedonian kingdom in the north. With revolutionary tactics, King Phillip II brought most of Greece under his sway, paving the way for the conquest of ""the known world"" by his son Alexander the Great. The rise of the Macedonian Kingdom is generally taken to signal the end of the Greek Classical period, and certainly marked the end of the distinctive hoplite battle in Ancient Greece.