The Basal Ganglia and Chunking of Action Repertoires
... multiple input clusters from functionally related areas can overlap selectively and quite precisely. For example, inputs from the cortex of the hand representations of primary somatosensory (SI) areas 3b and 1, and of the primary motor (MI) hand cortex represention overlap with one another, whereas ...
... multiple input clusters from functionally related areas can overlap selectively and quite precisely. For example, inputs from the cortex of the hand representations of primary somatosensory (SI) areas 3b and 1, and of the primary motor (MI) hand cortex represention overlap with one another, whereas ...
How the brain uses time to represent and process visual information
... For both D spike and D interval , we examined a wide range of values for q, since neural coincidence-detectors with precisions ranging from milliseconds to seconds have been identified [10], and the range of timescales for which firing rates influence synaptic efficacy is also large. Fortunately, th ...
... For both D spike and D interval , we examined a wide range of values for q, since neural coincidence-detectors with precisions ranging from milliseconds to seconds have been identified [10], and the range of timescales for which firing rates influence synaptic efficacy is also large. Fortunately, th ...
interactions between number and space in parietal cortex
... Figure 1 | Behavioural studies showing numerical–spatial interactions. a | The spatial–numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect. Participants are asked to judge whether a number is even or odd. Responses to larger numbers are faster on the right side of space whereas those for smaller ...
... Figure 1 | Behavioural studies showing numerical–spatial interactions. a | The spatial–numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect. Participants are asked to judge whether a number is even or odd. Responses to larger numbers are faster on the right side of space whereas those for smaller ...
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[j26]Chapter 9#
... norepinephrine, epinephrine, and related neurotransmitter substances; and those that are cholinergic, receiving acetylcholine (ACh). Interestingly, because the receptor types can vary from neuron to neuron, the same neurotransmitter may cause the response of one neuron to differ from that of another ...
... norepinephrine, epinephrine, and related neurotransmitter substances; and those that are cholinergic, receiving acetylcholine (ACh). Interestingly, because the receptor types can vary from neuron to neuron, the same neurotransmitter may cause the response of one neuron to differ from that of another ...
Activity-Dependent Regulation of Potassium Currents in an
... changes in conductances reported here suggest that the conductance densities expressed by each neuron will depend on its history, with an “integration time constant” of several hours. Variability in measured conductances may thus reflect the variability in the activity of the STG before the recordin ...
... changes in conductances reported here suggest that the conductance densities expressed by each neuron will depend on its history, with an “integration time constant” of several hours. Variability in measured conductances may thus reflect the variability in the activity of the STG before the recordin ...
- Wiley Online Library
... can shed light on the effectiveness of training methods on improving performance in these components, but also the extent to which training can enhance basic cognitive operations and lead to transfer of these complex interactive skills to untrained situations. A wide range of training strategies hav ...
... can shed light on the effectiveness of training methods on improving performance in these components, but also the extent to which training can enhance basic cognitive operations and lead to transfer of these complex interactive skills to untrained situations. A wide range of training strategies hav ...
Neural evidence for the interplay between language, gesture, and
... Overall, these fMRI studies suggest that merely listening to speech sounds activates parts of the neural motor system. Moreover, this activation seems to be rather specific in the sense that listening to speech sounds which involve movement of the lips also leads to activation of part of the motor co ...
... Overall, these fMRI studies suggest that merely listening to speech sounds activates parts of the neural motor system. Moreover, this activation seems to be rather specific in the sense that listening to speech sounds which involve movement of the lips also leads to activation of part of the motor co ...
Monitoring Piecewise Continuous Behaviors by Refining Semi
... intervals for variables and bounding envelopes for functional relations. Since both tanks remain unchanged, the refinements of the variables o and b as well as of the functional relations / and g are inherited from the first to the second mode. SQSIM predicts 9 different behaviors for the two tank s ...
... intervals for variables and bounding envelopes for functional relations. Since both tanks remain unchanged, the refinements of the variables o and b as well as of the functional relations / and g are inherited from the first to the second mode. SQSIM predicts 9 different behaviors for the two tank s ...
Psychology
... Adolescents are more susceptible to delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), which involves the inability to reset the sleep/wake cycle in response to environmental time cues. Possible symptoms of DSPS include the inability to fall asleep until after midnight and the tendency to wake up later than their ...
... Adolescents are more susceptible to delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), which involves the inability to reset the sleep/wake cycle in response to environmental time cues. Possible symptoms of DSPS include the inability to fall asleep until after midnight and the tendency to wake up later than their ...
Central nervous System Lesions Leading to Disability
... voluntary movement. The output of these supraspinal centers is influenced and ultimately integrated by the cerebellum and basal ganglia. Note that receptors in muscles sense the displacement of muscles and limbs and influence the output from spinal segments and higher levels. Afferent fibers and mot ...
... voluntary movement. The output of these supraspinal centers is influenced and ultimately integrated by the cerebellum and basal ganglia. Note that receptors in muscles sense the displacement of muscles and limbs and influence the output from spinal segments and higher levels. Afferent fibers and mot ...
skull - lms.manhattan.edu
... -Thin and weak, have no valves. -Allows blood to flow in either direction, this is a problem because it may create a route for blood-borne-pathogens to pass from the body to the brain and the brain to the body…. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a membranic structure that acts primarily to protect th ...
... -Thin and weak, have no valves. -Allows blood to flow in either direction, this is a problem because it may create a route for blood-borne-pathogens to pass from the body to the brain and the brain to the body…. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a membranic structure that acts primarily to protect th ...
Somatosensory Cortical Activity in Relation to Arm Posture
... 1. Single unitary activity in primate somatosensory cortex (SI) was recorded while monkeys maintained a range of static arm postures. Unit discharge was related to parameters defining the posture of the arm by multiple linear regression techniques. 2. Two monkeys were trained to grasp a manipulandum ...
... 1. Single unitary activity in primate somatosensory cortex (SI) was recorded while monkeys maintained a range of static arm postures. Unit discharge was related to parameters defining the posture of the arm by multiple linear regression techniques. 2. Two monkeys were trained to grasp a manipulandum ...
Cortical and basal ganglia contributions to habit learning and
... ing (where meaningful data are available from the first trial). For example, to study the effects of automaticity on neuronal responses in motor cortex, Matsuzaka, Picard and Strick [4] had monkeys practice the same motor sequence almost daily for up to two years. Despite the difficulty of studying ...
... ing (where meaningful data are available from the first trial). For example, to study the effects of automaticity on neuronal responses in motor cortex, Matsuzaka, Picard and Strick [4] had monkeys practice the same motor sequence almost daily for up to two years. Despite the difficulty of studying ...
Response Suppression in V1 Agrees with Psychophysics of
... intervals, only the first of which was task relevant. Both intervals lasted 750 msec, with a 375 msec interstimulus interval (Fig. 3). The target stimulus always appeared in the first interval, with pedestal contrast set to 0% in block A and 60% in block B. There were three conditions, which differe ...
... intervals, only the first of which was task relevant. Both intervals lasted 750 msec, with a 375 msec interstimulus interval (Fig. 3). The target stimulus always appeared in the first interval, with pedestal contrast set to 0% in block A and 60% in block B. There were three conditions, which differe ...
Increased D-amino acid oxidase
... S10. Detera-Wadleigh SD, McMahon FJ. G72/G30 in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Review and metaanalysis. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60: 106-114. S11. Wood LS, Pickering EH, Dechairo BM. Significant support for DAO as a schizophrenia susceptibility locus: Examination of five genes putatively associate ...
... S10. Detera-Wadleigh SD, McMahon FJ. G72/G30 in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: Review and metaanalysis. Biol Psychiatry 2006; 60: 106-114. S11. Wood LS, Pickering EH, Dechairo BM. Significant support for DAO as a schizophrenia susceptibility locus: Examination of five genes putatively associate ...
Expert system, fuzzy logic, and neural network applications in power
... in solving fuzzy logic problems, its inability to solve pattem recognition and image processing type problems was seriously felt since the beginnning of the 1990’s. In fact, expert system techniques which held so much promise in the 1980’s, could not fulfill the expected computational needs. Therefo ...
... in solving fuzzy logic problems, its inability to solve pattem recognition and image processing type problems was seriously felt since the beginnning of the 1990’s. In fact, expert system techniques which held so much promise in the 1980’s, could not fulfill the expected computational needs. Therefo ...
The Dorsal Visual System Predicts Future and Remembers Past Eye
... impending eye movements to predict future/past eye positions. Similar ideas have been proposed in modeling studies to account for predictive remapping of visual activity during saccades in area LIP (Schneegans and Schöner, 2012; Ziesche and Hamker, 2014). To test this hypothesis, we developed a nove ...
... impending eye movements to predict future/past eye positions. Similar ideas have been proposed in modeling studies to account for predictive remapping of visual activity during saccades in area LIP (Schneegans and Schöner, 2012; Ziesche and Hamker, 2014). To test this hypothesis, we developed a nove ...
FREE Sample Here
... Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-experience-psychology-1st-edition-king B. constructs a three-dimensional image from X rays C. examines the effects of lesions in brain tissue D. involves creating a magnetic field around a person’s body and using radio waves to construct images of a pers ...
... Full file at http://testbank360.eu/test-bank-experience-psychology-1st-edition-king B. constructs a three-dimensional image from X rays C. examines the effects of lesions in brain tissue D. involves creating a magnetic field around a person’s body and using radio waves to construct images of a pers ...
Omega–6/Omega–3 Ratio and Brain-Related Functions - Direct-MS
... Considering that steroids are derivatives of cholesterol, it is of great interest to find that various fatty acids have differential effects on cholesterol metabolism. Many reliable studies confirm that the administration of omega–6 fatty acids reduces the level of cholesterol in the blood. However, ...
... Considering that steroids are derivatives of cholesterol, it is of great interest to find that various fatty acids have differential effects on cholesterol metabolism. Many reliable studies confirm that the administration of omega–6 fatty acids reduces the level of cholesterol in the blood. However, ...
Maruska & Tricas 2011
... were measured along the medial-lateral brain axis in transverse sections. The largest cells were GnRH3 neurons and their diameters were smaller than section thickness (x̄ diam.=16.3±4.7 μm SD). Thus, there was no duplication of cell counts made on alternate 24 μm sections. Cell size was determined f ...
... were measured along the medial-lateral brain axis in transverse sections. The largest cells were GnRH3 neurons and their diameters were smaller than section thickness (x̄ diam.=16.3±4.7 μm SD). Thus, there was no duplication of cell counts made on alternate 24 μm sections. Cell size was determined f ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... (or affective or reward value) of the taste, smell and texture of food are represented in the brain, how cognitive factors and attention modulate these affective representations, and how these food reward representations play an important role in the control of appetite, food intake and obesity. To ...
... (or affective or reward value) of the taste, smell and texture of food are represented in the brain, how cognitive factors and attention modulate these affective representations, and how these food reward representations play an important role in the control of appetite, food intake and obesity. To ...
Sparse Coding in the Neocortex
... For example, consider a collection of 5 x 5 pixel images that each contain one block letter of the alphabet. If we looked at the histogram of any given pixel, we might discover that the pixel was on roughly half the time. However, if we were to represent these letters with templates that respond un ...
... For example, consider a collection of 5 x 5 pixel images that each contain one block letter of the alphabet. If we looked at the histogram of any given pixel, we might discover that the pixel was on roughly half the time. However, if we were to represent these letters with templates that respond un ...
An Energy Budget for Signaling in the Grey Matter of the Brain
... resting potential consuming a smaller amount (13%), and glutamate recycling using only 3%. Energy usage depends strongly on action potential rate—an increase in activity of 1 action potential/cortical neuron/s will raise oxygen consumption by 145 mL/100 g grey matter/h. The energy expended on ...
... resting potential consuming a smaller amount (13%), and glutamate recycling using only 3%. Energy usage depends strongly on action potential rate—an increase in activity of 1 action potential/cortical neuron/s will raise oxygen consumption by 145 mL/100 g grey matter/h. The energy expended on ...