Cuneiform Neurons Activated during
... NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-containing neurons; the neurotransmitter of the other Fos ⫹ population remains unknown. The Cun nucleus did not contain cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic, or glycinergic neurons. On the basis of neuronal activation during AS-carbachol, as indicated by c-fos expr ...
... NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-containing neurons; the neurotransmitter of the other Fos ⫹ population remains unknown. The Cun nucleus did not contain cholinergic, catecholaminergic, serotonergic, or glycinergic neurons. On the basis of neuronal activation during AS-carbachol, as indicated by c-fos expr ...
Chapter 11 Outline - CM
... Axolemma – plasma membrane that surrounds axon and its cytoplasm or axoplasm Substances may travel through axoplasm using one of two types of transport, which are together termed axonal transport or flow o Slow axonal transport – transports substances like cytoskeleton proteins from cell body throug ...
... Axolemma – plasma membrane that surrounds axon and its cytoplasm or axoplasm Substances may travel through axoplasm using one of two types of transport, which are together termed axonal transport or flow o Slow axonal transport – transports substances like cytoskeleton proteins from cell body throug ...
Care and Problems of the Skeletal System
... Strong bones, including the vertebrae of your spine, support your upper body and head. The skeleton plays a crucial role in movement by providing a strong, stable, and mobile framework on which muscles can act. Your skeletal system also protects your internal tissues and organs from trauma. The skul ...
... Strong bones, including the vertebrae of your spine, support your upper body and head. The skeleton plays a crucial role in movement by providing a strong, stable, and mobile framework on which muscles can act. Your skeletal system also protects your internal tissues and organs from trauma. The skul ...
Tuberoinfundibular peptid 39 and its receptor in the central nervous
... each sample using a lower cycle number to demonstrate that mRNA was efficiently transcribed into cDNA. In contrast, a high cycle number was used for the PTH2 receptor so that even a small amount of mRNA would be detected. A negative control sample without RNA was used to exclude the possibility of c ...
... each sample using a lower cycle number to demonstrate that mRNA was efficiently transcribed into cDNA. In contrast, a high cycle number was used for the PTH2 receptor so that even a small amount of mRNA would be detected. A negative control sample without RNA was used to exclude the possibility of c ...
A cellular mechanism for cortical associations: an organizing
... A basic feature of intelligent systems such as the cerebral cortex is the ability to freely associate aspects of perceived experience with an internal representation of the world and make predictions about the future. Here, a hypothesis is presented that the extraordinary performance of the cortex d ...
... A basic feature of intelligent systems such as the cerebral cortex is the ability to freely associate aspects of perceived experience with an internal representation of the world and make predictions about the future. Here, a hypothesis is presented that the extraordinary performance of the cortex d ...
ppt
... propositional attitudes (beliefs, desires and so on) that — at least in humans — can be assumed to explain the observed behavior in terms of its plausible psychological ...
... propositional attitudes (beliefs, desires and so on) that — at least in humans — can be assumed to explain the observed behavior in terms of its plausible psychological ...
Chapter 15: Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems
... Strong bones, including the vertebrae of your spine, support your upper body and head. The skeleton plays a crucial role in movement by providing a strong, stable, and mobile framework on which muscles can act. Your skeletal system also protects your internal tissues and organs from trauma. The skul ...
... Strong bones, including the vertebrae of your spine, support your upper body and head. The skeleton plays a crucial role in movement by providing a strong, stable, and mobile framework on which muscles can act. Your skeletal system also protects your internal tissues and organs from trauma. The skul ...
Remapping of Border Ownership in the Visual Cortex
... Stimuli and experimental design. Stimuli were generated with Open Inventor on a Pentium 4 Linux workstation with NVIDIA GeForce 6800 graphics card using the anti-aliasing feature of the software and were presented on a 21-inch EIZO FlexScan T965 color monitor with 1600 ⫻ 1200 resolution at 72 Hz ref ...
... Stimuli and experimental design. Stimuli were generated with Open Inventor on a Pentium 4 Linux workstation with NVIDIA GeForce 6800 graphics card using the anti-aliasing feature of the software and were presented on a 21-inch EIZO FlexScan T965 color monitor with 1600 ⫻ 1200 resolution at 72 Hz ref ...
Apomorphine Induces Contralateral Rotation 1 Running Head
... resulted in more extensive lesions resulted in more intense symptoms. These results demonstrate that different sizes of lesions can produce behaviors associated with PD, even if the model’s do not exhibit the expected rotational behavior. While this experiment yielded clear results that are supporte ...
... resulted in more extensive lesions resulted in more intense symptoms. These results demonstrate that different sizes of lesions can produce behaviors associated with PD, even if the model’s do not exhibit the expected rotational behavior. While this experiment yielded clear results that are supporte ...
Dorsal Column Nuclei Neurons Recorded in a Brain Stem–Spinal
... SUSAN A. DEUCHARS, T. TRIPPENBACH, AND K. MICHAEL SPYER Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom Received 22 March 2000; accepted in final form 31 May 2000 ...
... SUSAN A. DEUCHARS, T. TRIPPENBACH, AND K. MICHAEL SPYER Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom Received 22 March 2000; accepted in final form 31 May 2000 ...
Motor planning under unpredictable reward: modulations of
... schedule. Correct performance was rewarded in 75% of the trials. Monkeys were certain that they would be rewarded only in the trials immediately following withheld rewards. In these trials, the animals responded sooner and moved faster. Single-unit recordings from the dorsal striatum revealed modula ...
... schedule. Correct performance was rewarded in 75% of the trials. Monkeys were certain that they would be rewarded only in the trials immediately following withheld rewards. In these trials, the animals responded sooner and moved faster. Single-unit recordings from the dorsal striatum revealed modula ...
Chapter 13
... C.One increases and one inhibits actions of the organ. D.One is sensory and one is motor. 42. Which of these is the best analysis of the function of the autonomic nervous system? A.Conscious control of muscle movements is coordinated with sensory stimuli. B.It controls muscle movements that are prim ...
... C.One increases and one inhibits actions of the organ. D.One is sensory and one is motor. 42. Which of these is the best analysis of the function of the autonomic nervous system? A.Conscious control of muscle movements is coordinated with sensory stimuli. B.It controls muscle movements that are prim ...
The habenular nuclei - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... appear to represent largely distinct subcircuits within the DDC (Herkenham & Nauta 1977, 1979; Kim & Chang 2005). In outlining the anatomy of this circuit, we shall focus primarily on the patterns of connectivity in the rat, which have been well studied (figure 1). Some species differences will also ...
... appear to represent largely distinct subcircuits within the DDC (Herkenham & Nauta 1977, 1979; Kim & Chang 2005). In outlining the anatomy of this circuit, we shall focus primarily on the patterns of connectivity in the rat, which have been well studied (figure 1). Some species differences will also ...
Neuronal basis of sequential foraging decisions in a
... Deciding when to leave a depleting resource to exploit another is a fundamental problem for all decision makers. The neuronal mechanisms mediating patch-leaving decisions remain unknown. We found that neurons in primate (Macaca mulatta) dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, an area that is linked to rew ...
... Deciding when to leave a depleting resource to exploit another is a fundamental problem for all decision makers. The neuronal mechanisms mediating patch-leaving decisions remain unknown. We found that neurons in primate (Macaca mulatta) dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, an area that is linked to rew ...
The Nervous System
... Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, inc. Holt Science & Technology : Life Science. Austin : Holt, Rinehart &Winston, 2006. ...
... Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, inc. Holt Science & Technology : Life Science. Austin : Holt, Rinehart &Winston, 2006. ...
Ventromedial Thalamic Neurons Convey Nociceptive Signals from
... Physiological studies of the roles of the thalamus in pain have assigned a sensory-discriminative role to ventrobasal regions but implicated medial areas in motivational-affective functions (Albe-Fessard et al., 1985; Bushnell, 1995; Lenz and Dougherty, 1997; Villanueva and Bernard, 1998). Recent f ...
... Physiological studies of the roles of the thalamus in pain have assigned a sensory-discriminative role to ventrobasal regions but implicated medial areas in motivational-affective functions (Albe-Fessard et al., 1985; Bushnell, 1995; Lenz and Dougherty, 1997; Villanueva and Bernard, 1998). Recent f ...
Representation in the Human Brain of Food Texture and Oral Fat
... significant correlation between these ratings and the logarithm of the viscosity (Mela et al., 1994; Theunissen and Kroeze, 1995): Pearson’s r ⫽ 0.67; p ⬍ 0.001. Second, significant correlations were found between the fat content subjective ratings and the logarithm of the viscosity (r ⫽ 0.51; p ⬍ 0 ...
... significant correlation between these ratings and the logarithm of the viscosity (Mela et al., 1994; Theunissen and Kroeze, 1995): Pearson’s r ⫽ 0.67; p ⬍ 0.001. Second, significant correlations were found between the fat content subjective ratings and the logarithm of the viscosity (r ⫽ 0.51; p ⬍ 0 ...
No Direct Projection is Observed from the Substantia Nigra to the
... that 71% of gastric-projecting motor neurons in the DMV respond to DA with either excitation (28%) or inhibition (43%) of the membrane via D1- or D2like receptors, respectively [6]. The distribution of DA receptor-1 and receptor-2 on cholinergic neurons in the DMV provides further morphological evid ...
... that 71% of gastric-projecting motor neurons in the DMV respond to DA with either excitation (28%) or inhibition (43%) of the membrane via D1- or D2like receptors, respectively [6]. The distribution of DA receptor-1 and receptor-2 on cholinergic neurons in the DMV provides further morphological evid ...
Paper - Wharton Marketing
... Deciding when to leave a depleting resource to exploit another is a fundamental problem for all decision makers. The neuronal mechanisms mediating patch-leaving decisions remain unknown. We found that neurons in primate (Macaca mulatta) dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, an area that is linked to rew ...
... Deciding when to leave a depleting resource to exploit another is a fundamental problem for all decision makers. The neuronal mechanisms mediating patch-leaving decisions remain unknown. We found that neurons in primate (Macaca mulatta) dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, an area that is linked to rew ...
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - Alzheimer Society of Canada
... caused by infectious proteins called prions. Prions are proteins that occur naturally in the brain and are normally harmless. However, prions cause disease when they take on a misshapen form, accumulate in the brain and kill off brain cells. Prion diseases affect both humans and animals. Prion disea ...
... caused by infectious proteins called prions. Prions are proteins that occur naturally in the brain and are normally harmless. However, prions cause disease when they take on a misshapen form, accumulate in the brain and kill off brain cells. Prion diseases affect both humans and animals. Prion disea ...
Lentivirus-based genetic manipulations of cortical neurons and their
... not allow targeting of small neuronal networks or individual neurons in the intact brain. Yet, individual neurons are believed to critically contribute to network functions in the mammalian cortex. The manifold and complex response properties of single neurons have been a focus of cortical physiolog ...
... not allow targeting of small neuronal networks or individual neurons in the intact brain. Yet, individual neurons are believed to critically contribute to network functions in the mammalian cortex. The manifold and complex response properties of single neurons have been a focus of cortical physiolog ...
Neuron
... These studies have enriched our knowledge of the primate cortical organization, especially in striate and extrastriate visual areas, but our understanding of interspecies correspondences of the neocortical association areas is still fragmentary. In the present study, we used high-field fMRI at 4.7 T ...
... These studies have enriched our knowledge of the primate cortical organization, especially in striate and extrastriate visual areas, but our understanding of interspecies correspondences of the neocortical association areas is still fragmentary. In the present study, we used high-field fMRI at 4.7 T ...
Serotonergic Integration of Circadian Clock and Ultradian Sleep
... ultradian, state-dependent neuronal activity also remains unaffected by TSOI injection (6 h recording in BF). quantify rhythmicity during transient processes and indifferent to MUA absolute values, and it produces limited values ranging from ⫺1 to 1 (Silver and Stryker, 1999). One represents the hig ...
... ultradian, state-dependent neuronal activity also remains unaffected by TSOI injection (6 h recording in BF). quantify rhythmicity during transient processes and indifferent to MUA absolute values, and it produces limited values ranging from ⫺1 to 1 (Silver and Stryker, 1999). One represents the hig ...
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... 9]. Tootell et al. [10] have reported that middle temporal (MT) region of the brain responds selectively to moving (translating or rotating) and stationary visual stimuli. Howard et al. [11], have demonstrated the effectiveness of fMRI scanners in capturing visual hallucinations in the visual cort ...
... 9]. Tootell et al. [10] have reported that middle temporal (MT) region of the brain responds selectively to moving (translating or rotating) and stationary visual stimuli. Howard et al. [11], have demonstrated the effectiveness of fMRI scanners in capturing visual hallucinations in the visual cort ...
Neural Machines for Music Recognition
... The outside world is perceived by human beings through the senses. In the outside world all sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For inst ...
... The outside world is perceived by human beings through the senses. In the outside world all sorts of processes are going on that determine how the world is shaped. These processes generate patterns that are picked up by the senses to provide us with information about the state of the world. For inst ...