Histamine in the Nervous System
... gut, the skin, and the immune system. Histaminergic neurons in mammalian brain are located exclusively in the tuberomamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus and send their axons all over the central nervous system. Active solely during waking, they maintain wakefulness and attention. Three of ...
... gut, the skin, and the immune system. Histaminergic neurons in mammalian brain are located exclusively in the tuberomamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus and send their axons all over the central nervous system. Active solely during waking, they maintain wakefulness and attention. Three of ...
Gastric Effects of Cholecystokinin and Its Interaction with Leptin on
... functions, a partition was made at the mid-thoracic level of the preparation. An agar seal separated the recording bath chamber into a brainstem compartment and a gastric compartment. Peptides were applied only to the gastric compartment and their effects on the NTS neuronal activity were evaluated. ...
... functions, a partition was made at the mid-thoracic level of the preparation. An agar seal separated the recording bath chamber into a brainstem compartment and a gastric compartment. Peptides were applied only to the gastric compartment and their effects on the NTS neuronal activity were evaluated. ...
Embryonic Folding and Coelom Development
... labeled Y, so the pericardial portion of the coelom has undergone the same ninety degree rotation. The septum transversum, which used to be cranial to the pericardial portion of the coelom, is now ventral to it, but is still positioned with respect to cell X as it had been previously. We see that t ...
... labeled Y, so the pericardial portion of the coelom has undergone the same ninety degree rotation. The septum transversum, which used to be cranial to the pericardial portion of the coelom, is now ventral to it, but is still positioned with respect to cell X as it had been previously. We see that t ...
Mitochondrial support of persistent presynaptic vesicle mobilization
... on MSBs this difference did not reach significance (n = 75, F1,74 = 2.791, p=0.10). (E) The number of docked vesicles per PSD did not differ between MSBs and SSBs with or without mitochondria (n = 177, F1,175 = 0.26, p=0.61); however, the number of docked vesicles per PSD was greater for both types ...
... on MSBs this difference did not reach significance (n = 75, F1,74 = 2.791, p=0.10). (E) The number of docked vesicles per PSD did not differ between MSBs and SSBs with or without mitochondria (n = 177, F1,175 = 0.26, p=0.61); however, the number of docked vesicles per PSD was greater for both types ...
August Rauber (1841–1917): from the primitive streak to
... embryogenesis seeking the proximate causes by which one stage of development transformed itself into the next (epigenesis). He detected these causes in the forces set up by differential growth (His 1870). His based his theory of morphogenesis on von Baer’s question for the law of growth and baptized ...
... embryogenesis seeking the proximate causes by which one stage of development transformed itself into the next (epigenesis). He detected these causes in the forces set up by differential growth (His 1870). His based his theory of morphogenesis on von Baer’s question for the law of growth and baptized ...
Anatomy & Physiology I
... Touch sensations are usually due to stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous layer Crude touch is the ability to perceive that something has contacted the skin, but its location, shape, size, and texture can not be ascertained Fine touch provides specific information about ...
... Touch sensations are usually due to stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous layer Crude touch is the ability to perceive that something has contacted the skin, but its location, shape, size, and texture can not be ascertained Fine touch provides specific information about ...
neuronal reward and decision signals: from theories to data
... 853–951, 2015. Published June 24, 2015; doi:10.1152/physrev.00023.2014.—Rewards are crucial objects that induce learning, approach behavior, choices, and emotions. Whereas emotions are difficult to investigate in animals, the learning function is mediated by neuronal reward prediction error signals ...
... 853–951, 2015. Published June 24, 2015; doi:10.1152/physrev.00023.2014.—Rewards are crucial objects that induce learning, approach behavior, choices, and emotions. Whereas emotions are difficult to investigate in animals, the learning function is mediated by neuronal reward prediction error signals ...
The Olfactory System - Tim J. van Hartevelt
... The ciliary membranes carry molecular odorant receptors, which mediate sensory transduction from odorant molecules to neural signals. There are believed to be about 950 odorant receptors, each of which binds a specific chemical moiety. The receptors are coded for by the largest known gene family in ...
... The ciliary membranes carry molecular odorant receptors, which mediate sensory transduction from odorant molecules to neural signals. There are believed to be about 950 odorant receptors, each of which binds a specific chemical moiety. The receptors are coded for by the largest known gene family in ...
Rapid Translocation of Zn 2+ from Nerve Terminals
... is found in glutamatergic nerve terminals throughout the mammalian forebrain and has diverse extracellular and intracellular actions. The anatomical location and possible synaptic signaling role for this cation have led to the hypothesis that Zn2⫹ is released from presynaptic boutons, traverses the ...
... is found in glutamatergic nerve terminals throughout the mammalian forebrain and has diverse extracellular and intracellular actions. The anatomical location and possible synaptic signaling role for this cation have led to the hypothesis that Zn2⫹ is released from presynaptic boutons, traverses the ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... the left head fused." fOriginal by Hans Spemann in 1901; upper right corner shows section number). ...
... the left head fused." fOriginal by Hans Spemann in 1901; upper right corner shows section number). ...
Endoderm specification Anne Grapin-Botton Swiss
... molecularly defined. Although largely based on knowledge generated using the mouse model system, data from other model organisms are used when they provide important information missing in mice. This article presents endoderm engineering from ES cells and provides molecular ...
... molecularly defined. Although largely based on knowledge generated using the mouse model system, data from other model organisms are used when they provide important information missing in mice. This article presents endoderm engineering from ES cells and provides molecular ...
Axonal degeneration as a therapeutic target in the CNS | SpringerLink
... SOD1 (G93A) mutants (Ozdinler et al. 2011). A recent study by Bilsland et al. (2010) clearly demonstrates that axonal transport deficits occur in presymptomatic mice and represent the earliest axonal pathologies in this model, occurring well before motoneuron loss. In conclusion, data from ALS and m ...
... SOD1 (G93A) mutants (Ozdinler et al. 2011). A recent study by Bilsland et al. (2010) clearly demonstrates that axonal transport deficits occur in presymptomatic mice and represent the earliest axonal pathologies in this model, occurring well before motoneuron loss. In conclusion, data from ALS and m ...
The Role of Kv7 in Peripheral Neurons
... pharmacological blockers can lead to increased nociception. However, the specific localization and the functional role of each Kv7 subunits within the peripheral sensory system have not been fully elucidated. In this thesis, I first investigate the expression pattern of Kv7.5 with immunohistochemica ...
... pharmacological blockers can lead to increased nociception. However, the specific localization and the functional role of each Kv7 subunits within the peripheral sensory system have not been fully elucidated. In this thesis, I first investigate the expression pattern of Kv7.5 with immunohistochemica ...
Understanding the process of multisensory integration
... Understanding the principles by which the brain combines information from different senses provides us with insight into the computational strategies used to maximize their utility. Prior studies of the superior colliculus (SC) neuron as a model suggest that the relative timing with which sensory cu ...
... Understanding the principles by which the brain combines information from different senses provides us with insight into the computational strategies used to maximize their utility. Prior studies of the superior colliculus (SC) neuron as a model suggest that the relative timing with which sensory cu ...
Chapter 3 Two parts of nucleus prepositus hypoglossi project to two
... field and involving the solitary, gracile, cuneate and spinal trigeminal nuclei almost no labeled fibers were found in PAGdl, while the other columns of the PAG contained many labeled fibers and neurons (fig. 4). It was, therefore, concluded that the retrogradely labeled cells found in the tegmental fiel ...
... field and involving the solitary, gracile, cuneate and spinal trigeminal nuclei almost no labeled fibers were found in PAGdl, while the other columns of the PAG contained many labeled fibers and neurons (fig. 4). It was, therefore, concluded that the retrogradely labeled cells found in the tegmental fiel ...
Effects of Reversible Inactivation of the Primate Mesencephalic
... could increase delays in the generation of the Tarest and cause repeated saccades to a virtual target that continues to reappear (see DISCUSSION). Finally, making the saccade trigger easier to flip from opened to closed and vice versa could make saccade latency shorter. This might occur if excitator ...
... could increase delays in the generation of the Tarest and cause repeated saccades to a virtual target that continues to reappear (see DISCUSSION). Finally, making the saccade trigger easier to flip from opened to closed and vice versa could make saccade latency shorter. This might occur if excitator ...
Diversification and conservation of the extraembryonic tissues in
... the regulation of embryonic growth, suggesting that there is extensive lipid modification and de novo protein synthesis in the yolk sac endoderm (Fig. 3C).9 In support of this notion, it has been observed that the lipid and protein compositions of avian egg yolk are very different from those in the ...
... the regulation of embryonic growth, suggesting that there is extensive lipid modification and de novo protein synthesis in the yolk sac endoderm (Fig. 3C).9 In support of this notion, it has been observed that the lipid and protein compositions of avian egg yolk are very different from those in the ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... Whereas the orbitofrontal cortex in Tier 2 represents the value of stimuli (potential goals for action) on a continuous scale, an area anterior to this, medial prefrontal cortex area 10 (in Tier 3), is implicated in decision-making between stimuli, in which a selection or choice must be made, moving ...
... Whereas the orbitofrontal cortex in Tier 2 represents the value of stimuli (potential goals for action) on a continuous scale, an area anterior to this, medial prefrontal cortex area 10 (in Tier 3), is implicated in decision-making between stimuli, in which a selection or choice must be made, moving ...
2017
... talk, I will very briefly touch upon a few examples of how we have applied these methodologies at several levels of the auditory system. We have (among others) examined structure/function relationships in the cochlear nucleus, used recordings in the midbrain to support a reassessment of how interaur ...
... talk, I will very briefly touch upon a few examples of how we have applied these methodologies at several levels of the auditory system. We have (among others) examined structure/function relationships in the cochlear nucleus, used recordings in the midbrain to support a reassessment of how interaur ...
Might the olfactory bulb be an origin of olfactory auras in focal
... the term neonate, with regard to expression of specific neuronal maturational proteins, synaptogenesis, myelination, and postnatal involution of the olfactory ventricular recess from the lateral ventricle (Sarnat and Yu, 2016). The olfactory epithelium of the upper respiratory cavities also remains i ...
... the term neonate, with regard to expression of specific neuronal maturational proteins, synaptogenesis, myelination, and postnatal involution of the olfactory ventricular recess from the lateral ventricle (Sarnat and Yu, 2016). The olfactory epithelium of the upper respiratory cavities also remains i ...
Session 230 IOP Measurement and characterization I
... molecular techniques and fluorescent reporter mice to map limbal neurons and determine pressure dependent neuronal activity. Methods: We used a whole-mount procedure of the anterior mouse eye to study the innervation of the entire limbus in 3D. The Prox1GFP mouse strain was used to label Schlemm’s c ...
... molecular techniques and fluorescent reporter mice to map limbal neurons and determine pressure dependent neuronal activity. Methods: We used a whole-mount procedure of the anterior mouse eye to study the innervation of the entire limbus in 3D. The Prox1GFP mouse strain was used to label Schlemm’s c ...
Sequence of information processing for emotions based on the
... The amygdala and the prefrontal cortex have synergistic roles in regulating purposive behavior (Schoenbaum et al., 2000; Izquierdo and Murray, 2005; reviewed in Barbas, 2000; Bechara et al., 2000). The amygdala appears to extract the affective significance of stimuli, and the prefrontal cortex guide ...
... The amygdala and the prefrontal cortex have synergistic roles in regulating purposive behavior (Schoenbaum et al., 2000; Izquierdo and Murray, 2005; reviewed in Barbas, 2000; Bechara et al., 2000). The amygdala appears to extract the affective significance of stimuli, and the prefrontal cortex guide ...