cortico-cortical feedback controls spatial summation in
... Optogenetic inactivation of cortical feedback in primate visual cortex trial-by-trial variability), and found that these cells had stronger surround suppression (SI 78.0 ± 3.05% vs 49.0 ± 7.13%, pbootstrap < 10-5) and while statistically insignificant (pbootstrap = 0.06), they were most prevalent in ...
... Optogenetic inactivation of cortical feedback in primate visual cortex trial-by-trial variability), and found that these cells had stronger surround suppression (SI 78.0 ± 3.05% vs 49.0 ± 7.13%, pbootstrap < 10-5) and while statistically insignificant (pbootstrap = 0.06), they were most prevalent in ...
Kinesin-mediated Organelle Translocation Revealed by Specific
... movement and its presence in neural cells, it was originally suggested that kinesin may act as a motor for anterograde axonal transport (Vale et al., 1985a; Brady, 1985). In vitro, the ATPase activity of this enzyme is thought to be mechanochemically coupled to the generation of force. This force pr ...
... movement and its presence in neural cells, it was originally suggested that kinesin may act as a motor for anterograde axonal transport (Vale et al., 1985a; Brady, 1985). In vitro, the ATPase activity of this enzyme is thought to be mechanochemically coupled to the generation of force. This force pr ...
Mirror neurons in monkey area F5 do not adapt to the observation of
... results in a decrease of the responses of single neurons in a variety of areas in monkey visual cortex. They include area V1 (ref. 1), extrastriate visual areas1–4, as well as areas in the inferior5–15 and the medial temporal lobe16–18. This response decrease has been varyingly called ‘adaptation’18 ...
... results in a decrease of the responses of single neurons in a variety of areas in monkey visual cortex. They include area V1 (ref. 1), extrastriate visual areas1–4, as well as areas in the inferior5–15 and the medial temporal lobe16–18. This response decrease has been varyingly called ‘adaptation’18 ...
SNB
... SNB is partially due to the fact that SNB controls the sexual function of the penis, but not the posture muscles (the copulatory behavior is ...
... SNB is partially due to the fact that SNB controls the sexual function of the penis, but not the posture muscles (the copulatory behavior is ...
Moving Colors in the Lime Light Minireview
... complete dichotomy of function in the visual system and have inspired the emergence of research committed to discerning the mechanisms by which color information reaches motion processing areas of the brain. However, just when the roles of the parvocellular and magnocellular pathways in color-motion ...
... complete dichotomy of function in the visual system and have inspired the emergence of research committed to discerning the mechanisms by which color information reaches motion processing areas of the brain. However, just when the roles of the parvocellular and magnocellular pathways in color-motion ...
Lecture #1 - University of Utah
... 2) Heterosynaptic LTP: simultaneous input @ two synapses leads to potentiation of transmission through single synapse later. AMPA & NMDA receptors for Glutamate can mediate this ‘associative LTP’ Increase conductance Of AMPA receptors ...
... 2) Heterosynaptic LTP: simultaneous input @ two synapses leads to potentiation of transmission through single synapse later. AMPA & NMDA receptors for Glutamate can mediate this ‘associative LTP’ Increase conductance Of AMPA receptors ...
Evolution of Nervous Systems and Brains
... Escherichia coli has six flagella, each possessing a proton-driven motor, that are combined to one single superflagellum for forward propulsion (“run”) as soon as receptors detect an increase in nutritive or a decrease in toxic substances. In the opposite case, the superflagellum disintegrates, and ...
... Escherichia coli has six flagella, each possessing a proton-driven motor, that are combined to one single superflagellum for forward propulsion (“run”) as soon as receptors detect an increase in nutritive or a decrease in toxic substances. In the opposite case, the superflagellum disintegrates, and ...
Cholinergic modulation of synaptic properties of cortical layer VI
... other thalamic nuclei as well. The functional role of cholinergic modulation of corticothalamic synapses might be to enhance the dynamic gain control mechanism previously proposed for the corticothalamic feedback (Lindström and Wróbel 1990, Granseth et al. 2002, Granseth 2004). According to this hyp ...
... other thalamic nuclei as well. The functional role of cholinergic modulation of corticothalamic synapses might be to enhance the dynamic gain control mechanism previously proposed for the corticothalamic feedback (Lindström and Wróbel 1990, Granseth et al. 2002, Granseth 2004). According to this hyp ...
the brainstem control of saccadic eye movements
... recording method in the late 1960s. Research carried out in the intervening years has made it possible to provide a detailed description of the saccadic command signals that are generated by motor neurons and the formation of these signals in premotor brainstem regions. These findings have been assi ...
... recording method in the late 1960s. Research carried out in the intervening years has made it possible to provide a detailed description of the saccadic command signals that are generated by motor neurons and the formation of these signals in premotor brainstem regions. These findings have been assi ...
Skeletal development in human - Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... humerus (or femur). Distal extension of the process results in the formation of the ulna and radius (or fibula and tibia) which further branches and segments to form the posterior proximal carpal (tarsal) element as well as the digital rays of digits IV-II. Prechondrocytes in the prechondrogenic con ...
... humerus (or femur). Distal extension of the process results in the formation of the ulna and radius (or fibula and tibia) which further branches and segments to form the posterior proximal carpal (tarsal) element as well as the digital rays of digits IV-II. Prechondrocytes in the prechondrogenic con ...
The Spinal Nerve
... Has projections (gray horns) Organization of Gray Matter The gray horns Posterior gray horns contain somatic and visceralsensory nuclei Anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei Lateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain visceral motor nuclei Gray commissures (axons that ...
... Has projections (gray horns) Organization of Gray Matter The gray horns Posterior gray horns contain somatic and visceralsensory nuclei Anterior gray horns contain somatic motor nuclei Lateral gray horns are in thoracic and lumbar segments; contain visceral motor nuclei Gray commissures (axons that ...
Developmental mechanics of the primate cerebral cortex
... this hypothesis. There were significantly more neurons in layers V+VI of gyral areas than in intermediate areas, and more neurons in the deep layers of intermediate than sulcal areas (pairwise t tests, Bonferroniadjusted, P<0.05). In line with this explanation, a greater curvature of gyri should incr ...
... this hypothesis. There were significantly more neurons in layers V+VI of gyral areas than in intermediate areas, and more neurons in the deep layers of intermediate than sulcal areas (pairwise t tests, Bonferroniadjusted, P<0.05). In line with this explanation, a greater curvature of gyri should incr ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... scattered in a polarized manner. It appears that the cells polarize after cell-cell contact. When compaction is artificially reproduced by pairing two noncompacted embryo blastomeres, the membranes have two distinct fates. The free membranes form microvilli and the cell-cell interacting membranes st ...
... scattered in a polarized manner. It appears that the cells polarize after cell-cell contact. When compaction is artificially reproduced by pairing two noncompacted embryo blastomeres, the membranes have two distinct fates. The free membranes form microvilli and the cell-cell interacting membranes st ...
Doubly stochastic processes: an approach for understanding central
... stochastic models fit the irregular activity of some neurons better than several alternative stochastic models. In this paper we have focused only upon doubly stochastic Poisson processes. However, one must expect that many other types of doubly stochastic processes occur in the central nervous syst ...
... stochastic models fit the irregular activity of some neurons better than several alternative stochastic models. In this paper we have focused only upon doubly stochastic Poisson processes. However, one must expect that many other types of doubly stochastic processes occur in the central nervous syst ...
PDF Document
... Fig. 1. Challenges of optogenetically targeting cells outside of the brain. (A) Wide variations in ex- Strategies that use gene therapy viral vecpression of opsin proteins, tissue structure, and the mechanical environment of the peripheral nervous sys- tors to deliver DNA are more tractable tem may ...
... Fig. 1. Challenges of optogenetically targeting cells outside of the brain. (A) Wide variations in ex- Strategies that use gene therapy viral vecpression of opsin proteins, tissue structure, and the mechanical environment of the peripheral nervous sys- tors to deliver DNA are more tractable tem may ...
Michael Arbib: CS564 - Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence
... Why are there mirror neurons? ...
... Why are there mirror neurons? ...
p57 regulates radial glia and intermediate precursor
... IPCs contribute to both deep and superficial layers, serving as transit-amplifying populations (Haubensak et al., 2004; Sessa et al., 2008; Kowalczyk et al., 2009). Postmitotic neurons arising from proliferative zones migrate radially through the intermediate zone (IZ) to establish specific cortical ...
... IPCs contribute to both deep and superficial layers, serving as transit-amplifying populations (Haubensak et al., 2004; Sessa et al., 2008; Kowalczyk et al., 2009). Postmitotic neurons arising from proliferative zones migrate radially through the intermediate zone (IZ) to establish specific cortical ...
Efficient Coding Hypothesis and an Introduction to
... "pass characteristics" can be controlled in accordance with the requirements of the other part of the nervous system. • Hypothesis 3: (Efficient Coding Hypothesis) Sensory relays recode sensory messages, extracting signals of high relative entropy from the highly redundant sensory input. In Hypothes ...
... "pass characteristics" can be controlled in accordance with the requirements of the other part of the nervous system. • Hypothesis 3: (Efficient Coding Hypothesis) Sensory relays recode sensory messages, extracting signals of high relative entropy from the highly redundant sensory input. In Hypothes ...
Study Guide
... 2. Know the functions of sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. II. Organization of the Nervous System 1. Know the differences and similarities between SNS, ANS, and ENS. 2. What part of the nervous system are the SNS, ANS, and ENS a subdivision of? 3. Know the functions of SNS, ANS, and ...
... 2. Know the functions of sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons. II. Organization of the Nervous System 1. Know the differences and similarities between SNS, ANS, and ENS. 2. What part of the nervous system are the SNS, ANS, and ENS a subdivision of? 3. Know the functions of SNS, ANS, and ...
The quantitative single-neuron modeling competition | SpringerLink
... power. Rauch, La Camera, and colleagues have demonstrated that the output frequency of cortical pyramidal neurons and interneurons recorded in vitro can be fitted by Integrateand-Fire neurons (La Camera et al. 2004; Rauch et al. 2003). Keat and colleagues have shown that the precise spike timing of ...
... power. Rauch, La Camera, and colleagues have demonstrated that the output frequency of cortical pyramidal neurons and interneurons recorded in vitro can be fitted by Integrateand-Fire neurons (La Camera et al. 2004; Rauch et al. 2003). Keat and colleagues have shown that the precise spike timing of ...
Bonaiuto_Progress-Report_3.31.07
... Brown et al., (1999) present a biologically plausible neural network that produces dopaminergic neuron firing rates corresponding to TD error. In this model, dopaminergic neurons of the SNc are excited by unconditioned stimuli (US) via the lateral hypothalamus, ventral striatum, and pendunculopontin ...
... Brown et al., (1999) present a biologically plausible neural network that produces dopaminergic neuron firing rates corresponding to TD error. In this model, dopaminergic neurons of the SNc are excited by unconditioned stimuli (US) via the lateral hypothalamus, ventral striatum, and pendunculopontin ...