Negatively-Correlated Firing - Department of Computer Science
... and this is to have a noise component that is negatively-correlated. It can be seen in figure 1 that negatively-correlated noise cancels out much more quickly and effectively than independent noise, because corresponding elements tend to be on opposite sides of the mean (the space-filling effect of ...
... and this is to have a noise component that is negatively-correlated. It can be seen in figure 1 that negatively-correlated noise cancels out much more quickly and effectively than independent noise, because corresponding elements tend to be on opposite sides of the mean (the space-filling effect of ...
Gilbert 9e Videos
... this initial inbending is due to cell shape changes, and later in gastrulation convergentextension occurs to further extend the length of the archenteron. (McClay, D. R., J. M. Gross, R. Range, R. E. Peterson, and C. Bradham. 2004. Sea Urchin Gastrulation. In C. Stern (ed.), Gastrulation Cold Spring ...
... this initial inbending is due to cell shape changes, and later in gastrulation convergentextension occurs to further extend the length of the archenteron. (McClay, D. R., J. M. Gross, R. Range, R. E. Peterson, and C. Bradham. 2004. Sea Urchin Gastrulation. In C. Stern (ed.), Gastrulation Cold Spring ...
Neuronal cytoskeleton in synaptic plasticity and regeneration
... and Tessier-Lavigne 2011). Ultimately, intracellular signals that are initiated in response to attractive and repellent cues converge on the cytoskeleton to regulate the direction and speed of outgrowth (Vitriol and Zheng 2012). The formation of a stable axo-dendritic synapse is then initiated throu ...
... and Tessier-Lavigne 2011). Ultimately, intracellular signals that are initiated in response to attractive and repellent cues converge on the cytoskeleton to regulate the direction and speed of outgrowth (Vitriol and Zheng 2012). The formation of a stable axo-dendritic synapse is then initiated throu ...
distribution of leucine-3h during axoplasmic
... was analyzed by comparing the localization of silver grains with the areas comprised by the cellular components (Ross and Benditt, 1965) . The center of a circle enclosing the silver grains was used to designate the structure beneath the grain . Areas were determined by applying a transparent screen ...
... was analyzed by comparing the localization of silver grains with the areas comprised by the cellular components (Ross and Benditt, 1965) . The center of a circle enclosing the silver grains was used to designate the structure beneath the grain . Areas were determined by applying a transparent screen ...
Cerebellum
... molecular, Purkinje and granular. The cerebellar cortex contains a single type of efferent neuron, the Purkinje cells which are inhibitory and project to the cerebellar nuclei and to the vestibular nucleus and five classes of interneurons, three of which are inhibitory (steallate, basket, Golgi) and ...
... molecular, Purkinje and granular. The cerebellar cortex contains a single type of efferent neuron, the Purkinje cells which are inhibitory and project to the cerebellar nuclei and to the vestibular nucleus and five classes of interneurons, three of which are inhibitory (steallate, basket, Golgi) and ...
Cerebellum
... This control is thought to be dependent both on information that the spinocerebellum receives from cortical motor areas about the intended motor command and on feedback from the spinal cord and periphery, which provides details about the evolving movement. These inputs allow the spinoocerebellum to ...
... This control is thought to be dependent both on information that the spinocerebellum receives from cortical motor areas about the intended motor command and on feedback from the spinal cord and periphery, which provides details about the evolving movement. These inputs allow the spinoocerebellum to ...
Region-specific requirement for cholesterol
... lipidated Shh secretion (Li et al., 2006; Tian et al., 2005). Lipidmodified Shh has also been shown to form a large multimeric complex in vitro (Chen et al., 2004a; Zeng et al., 2001). It has been suggested that the lipid moieties are embedded in the core of these complexes, analogous to micelles, t ...
... lipidated Shh secretion (Li et al., 2006; Tian et al., 2005). Lipidmodified Shh has also been shown to form a large multimeric complex in vitro (Chen et al., 2004a; Zeng et al., 2001). It has been suggested that the lipid moieties are embedded in the core of these complexes, analogous to micelles, t ...
Nervous System - Neuron and Nerve Impulse PowerPoint
... but usually they have only one axon. – In most animals, axons and dendrites of different neurons are clustered into bundles of fibers called nerves. – Some nerves contain fibers from only a few neurons, but others contain hundreds or even thousands of neurons. ...
... but usually they have only one axon. – In most animals, axons and dendrites of different neurons are clustered into bundles of fibers called nerves. – Some nerves contain fibers from only a few neurons, but others contain hundreds or even thousands of neurons. ...
“Attention for Action” and “Response Selection” in Primate Anterior
... ACC might particularly have a function of monitoring the conflicts among feature or category to select proper actions as part of the anterior attention system (conflict monitoring). On the other hand, it has previously been shown that the ACC and its adjacent cingulate areas are involved in motor-re ...
... ACC might particularly have a function of monitoring the conflicts among feature or category to select proper actions as part of the anterior attention system (conflict monitoring). On the other hand, it has previously been shown that the ACC and its adjacent cingulate areas are involved in motor-re ...
Retinal ganglion cell synchronization by fixational eye movements
... These results show that transforming an originally stationary image into one that varies spatiotemporally—thus mimicking real fixational eye movements—enhances retinal activity. Single-unit response profiles to fixational movements For the analysis of single-unit activity, we used idealized step-li ...
... These results show that transforming an originally stationary image into one that varies spatiotemporally—thus mimicking real fixational eye movements—enhances retinal activity. Single-unit response profiles to fixational movements For the analysis of single-unit activity, we used idealized step-li ...
The role responses of expression and identity in the face
... in humans~L This work is of particular interest because it concerns an area homologous with the area where cells responsive to faces are found in monkeys. Lesions of the cortex in the superior temporal sulcus cause deficits on the discrimination of the angle of regard assessed in faces presented at ...
... in humans~L This work is of particular interest because it concerns an area homologous with the area where cells responsive to faces are found in monkeys. Lesions of the cortex in the superior temporal sulcus cause deficits on the discrimination of the angle of regard assessed in faces presented at ...
Cranial nerves (L15)
... *sphincter pupillae constricts pupil to control light input *ciliary changes shape of lens to accommodate changes in distance vision *primary neurons in Edinger-Westphal nucleus in midbrain *synapse in ciliary ganglion – postganglionic axons travel to mm in eye via short ciliary nn. ...
... *sphincter pupillae constricts pupil to control light input *ciliary changes shape of lens to accommodate changes in distance vision *primary neurons in Edinger-Westphal nucleus in midbrain *synapse in ciliary ganglion – postganglionic axons travel to mm in eye via short ciliary nn. ...
The Endocrine System
... = the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles. It allows for the voluntary control of our muscles. • Also called the skeletal nervous system. • Walking, running, and jumping- You are using your somatic nervous system. ...
... = the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles. It allows for the voluntary control of our muscles. • Also called the skeletal nervous system. • Walking, running, and jumping- You are using your somatic nervous system. ...
Deep Neural Networks for Anatomical Brain Segmentation
... brain (cortical and sub-cortical areas) into a large number N of anatomical regions, where N is defined by the segmentation protocol (typically around 100). Knowledge of the segmentation protocol is implicitly given through a set of manually labelled 3D brain MRIs. An atlas consists of an MR image a ...
... brain (cortical and sub-cortical areas) into a large number N of anatomical regions, where N is defined by the segmentation protocol (typically around 100). Knowledge of the segmentation protocol is implicitly given through a set of manually labelled 3D brain MRIs. An atlas consists of an MR image a ...
Brain Stem Catecholamine Mechanisms in Tonic and
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
... SUMMARY Neurons of the lower brain stem maintain resting levels of arterial pressure (AP), mediate reflex responses from cardiopulmonary receptors, and are an important site of the hypotensive actions of a2-adrenergic agonists. Details of the pathways and transmitters that mediate tonic and reflex c ...
PDF
... Presumably, destabilization selectively separates some raft components from each other and permits others to interact. The GSI + Qa has its primary effect on raft domains that contain the Notch-1 inhibitor of dendritic growth and not on F-secretase substrates such as ErbB-4 and EphA4 that simulate d ...
... Presumably, destabilization selectively separates some raft components from each other and permits others to interact. The GSI + Qa has its primary effect on raft domains that contain the Notch-1 inhibitor of dendritic growth and not on F-secretase substrates such as ErbB-4 and EphA4 that simulate d ...
Temporal delays among place cells determine the frequency of
... A ¼ e − ðπcL=ð3 2Þf0 Þ (Eq. 6 and Eq. S1) and goes to zero for infinitely large place fields (corresponding to large L), with fixed single cell oscillation frequency f0 and compression factor c, because the phase-shifted oscillators average each other out. Furthermore, the phase shift between the oscil ...
... A ¼ e − ðπcL=ð3 2Þf0 Þ (Eq. 6 and Eq. S1) and goes to zero for infinitely large place fields (corresponding to large L), with fixed single cell oscillation frequency f0 and compression factor c, because the phase-shifted oscillators average each other out. Furthermore, the phase shift between the oscil ...
EMBRYOLOGY
... expiration. At 26 to 28 week's gestation there can be survival of the fetus due to some surfactant production. Surfactant is most adequate two weeks before the 38 weeks' gestation period is complete. ...
... expiration. At 26 to 28 week's gestation there can be survival of the fetus due to some surfactant production. Surfactant is most adequate two weeks before the 38 weeks' gestation period is complete. ...
www.goertzel.org/dynapsyc/2007/mirrorself.pdf
... generating the phenomenal self and the brain structures generating the virtual others. That is, they are part of the dynamics of the self as well as part of the interactions between self and actual others. The key point is that human self is intrinsically not autonomous and independent, but rather ...
... generating the phenomenal self and the brain structures generating the virtual others. That is, they are part of the dynamics of the self as well as part of the interactions between self and actual others. The key point is that human self is intrinsically not autonomous and independent, but rather ...
Heterotopic Transcallosal Projections Are Present throughout the
... the organization of transcallosal connections in different functional regions of the mouse cortex including the primary motor and somatosensory cortices. Such a systematic analysis of inter-hemispheric connectivity is important as defects in those projections—either innate or due to injury—can lead ...
... the organization of transcallosal connections in different functional regions of the mouse cortex including the primary motor and somatosensory cortices. Such a systematic analysis of inter-hemispheric connectivity is important as defects in those projections—either innate or due to injury—can lead ...
Spinal motor neurons are regenerated after
... Larval lesion induces local regeneration of motor neurons Embryonic motor neuron generation from the pMN domain largely ceases by 48-51 hours post-fertilization (hpf) (Reimer et al., 2013), whereas oligodendrogenesis from these progenitors continues for weeks (Park et al., 2007). To determine whethe ...
... Larval lesion induces local regeneration of motor neurons Embryonic motor neuron generation from the pMN domain largely ceases by 48-51 hours post-fertilization (hpf) (Reimer et al., 2013), whereas oligodendrogenesis from these progenitors continues for weeks (Park et al., 2007). To determine whethe ...