ADSORPTION OF MOLECULES OF BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE AT
... orientation of DMPC molecules in the bilayer. The bipolar shape of -P02- stretching bands in the SNIFTIRS s p e c t m indicates that the DMPC bilayer displays a tail-to-tail configuration with the polar heads t m e d towards the electrode surface. The peak positions of h t h CH2 stretching and C=O s ...
... orientation of DMPC molecules in the bilayer. The bipolar shape of -P02- stretching bands in the SNIFTIRS s p e c t m indicates that the DMPC bilayer displays a tail-to-tail configuration with the polar heads t m e d towards the electrode surface. The peak positions of h t h CH2 stretching and C=O s ...
Interaction between G proteins and accessory в subunits in
... 1. The accessory â subunits of voltage-dependent Ca¥ channels (VDCCs) have been shown to regulate their biophysical properties and have also been suggested to antagonise the G protein inhibition of N-type (á1B), PÏQ-type (á1A) and á1E channels. Here we have examined the voltage-dependent involvement ...
... 1. The accessory â subunits of voltage-dependent Ca¥ channels (VDCCs) have been shown to regulate their biophysical properties and have also been suggested to antagonise the G protein inhibition of N-type (á1B), PÏQ-type (á1A) and á1E channels. Here we have examined the voltage-dependent involvement ...
Cytological Fixation by Chromic Acid and Dichromates By W. G.
... frequently against both 0-05 M potassium hydrogen phthalate (pH 4-00) and the buffer provided for use with the pH meter (Marconi, batch 016W, pH 6-46, and batch B167, pH 6-49). All measurements were made at least in triplicate on 100 ml. portions at room temperature (17-190 C ) . The suitability of ...
... frequently against both 0-05 M potassium hydrogen phthalate (pH 4-00) and the buffer provided for use with the pH meter (Marconi, batch 016W, pH 6-46, and batch B167, pH 6-49). All measurements were made at least in triplicate on 100 ml. portions at room temperature (17-190 C ) . The suitability of ...
Document
... ∆V = VB VA = (200 V) (300 V) = 500 V This change is independent of the charge q because the electric potential is created by source charges. The change in the particle’s electric potential energy is ∆Uelec = q ∆V = (15 10−9 C)(500 V) = 7.5 J A 15 nC charge would have ∆Uelec + 7.5 J beca ...
... ∆V = VB VA = (200 V) (300 V) = 500 V This change is independent of the charge q because the electric potential is created by source charges. The change in the particle’s electric potential energy is ∆Uelec = q ∆V = (15 10−9 C)(500 V) = 7.5 J A 15 nC charge would have ∆Uelec + 7.5 J beca ...
Ch 21 - Keene ISD
... ∆V = VB − VA = (−200 V) − (300 V) = −500 V This change is independent of the charge q because the electric potential is created by source charges. The change in the particle’s electric potential energy is ∆Uelec = q ∆V = (15 × 10−9 C)(−500 V) = −7.5 µJ A −15 nC charge would have ∆Uelec + 7.5 µJ beca ...
... ∆V = VB − VA = (−200 V) − (300 V) = −500 V This change is independent of the charge q because the electric potential is created by source charges. The change in the particle’s electric potential energy is ∆Uelec = q ∆V = (15 × 10−9 C)(−500 V) = −7.5 µJ A −15 nC charge would have ∆Uelec + 7.5 µJ beca ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
... characterized with dye release assays, where vesicles mimicking the lipid composition of target membranes and containing a self-quenching dye, are used to probe the affinity and potency of membrane-active peptides or proteins (Shai 1999; Shai et al. 1991; Wang et al. 1998). This method is relatively ...
... characterized with dye release assays, where vesicles mimicking the lipid composition of target membranes and containing a self-quenching dye, are used to probe the affinity and potency of membrane-active peptides or proteins (Shai 1999; Shai et al. 1991; Wang et al. 1998). This method is relatively ...
PROTEIN-LIPID INTERPLAY IN FUSION AND FISSION OF
... hydrophobic energy is so large that lipid molecules at the edge of the pore reorient to cover the edge with the polar heads and to form the hydrophilic pore (Figure 1C). Among deformations, the most important for our purpose are bending of the membrane and tilt of the hydrocarbon chains (Figure 2A–C ...
... hydrophobic energy is so large that lipid molecules at the edge of the pore reorient to cover the edge with the polar heads and to form the hydrophilic pore (Figure 1C). Among deformations, the most important for our purpose are bending of the membrane and tilt of the hydrocarbon chains (Figure 2A–C ...
Towards the Physics of Calcium Signalling in Plants
... where GC is the channel conductance. Proton ATPases generate a voltage of about −150 mV across plant plasma membranes, resulting in an electrochemical driving force for Ca2+ of about 300 mV. Channels and pumps can exist in an open or closed configuration, and plant survival depends on maintaining th ...
... where GC is the channel conductance. Proton ATPases generate a voltage of about −150 mV across plant plasma membranes, resulting in an electrochemical driving force for Ca2+ of about 300 mV. Channels and pumps can exist in an open or closed configuration, and plant survival depends on maintaining th ...
Vacuolar calcium channels - Journal of Experimental Botany
... the same species are taken. Table 1 and Fig. 1 summarize published data obtained with vacuoles of B. vulgaris tap roots. Obviously, the single-channel conductance for 50 mM K+ or for 10 mM Ca2+, or Mg2+, or Ba2+ is identical for the SV channel and the VVCa channel within error limits, and both chann ...
... the same species are taken. Table 1 and Fig. 1 summarize published data obtained with vacuoles of B. vulgaris tap roots. Obviously, the single-channel conductance for 50 mM K+ or for 10 mM Ca2+, or Mg2+, or Ba2+ is identical for the SV channel and the VVCa channel within error limits, and both chann ...
show - FACETS Project
... 4.2.1 Excitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 I-V curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3 Oscillations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Input integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.5 The attraction basin of the stable fixed point 4.2.6 Rebound . . ...
... 4.2.1 Excitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.2 I-V curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.3 Oscillations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.4 Input integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2.5 The attraction basin of the stable fixed point 4.2.6 Rebound . . ...
Electron tomography of plant thylakoid membranes
... understood. Electron cryo-tomography (cryo-ET) is a powerful new technique for visualizing cellular structures, especially membranes, in three dimensions. By this technique, large membrane protein complexes, such as the photosystem II supercomplex or the chloroplast ATP synthase, can be visualized d ...
... understood. Electron cryo-tomography (cryo-ET) is a powerful new technique for visualizing cellular structures, especially membranes, in three dimensions. By this technique, large membrane protein complexes, such as the photosystem II supercomplex or the chloroplast ATP synthase, can be visualized d ...
Axonal Membranes and Their Domains: Assembly and Function of
... using spinal motor neurons, demonstrated that ankyrin-G is first expressed along the length of the axon before gradually becoming restricted to the proximal axon at embryonic day 13.5 (Le Bras et al., 2014). It is not clear whether these findings represent a difference in assembly of the AIS in a br ...
... using spinal motor neurons, demonstrated that ankyrin-G is first expressed along the length of the axon before gradually becoming restricted to the proximal axon at embryonic day 13.5 (Le Bras et al., 2014). It is not clear whether these findings represent a difference in assembly of the AIS in a br ...
Electric Potential - Little Shop of Physics
... until a characteristic potential difference—about 1.5 V for a standard alkaline battery—appears between the two terminals of the battery. Different kinds of batteries maintain different potential differences between their terminals. ...
... until a characteristic potential difference—about 1.5 V for a standard alkaline battery—appears between the two terminals of the battery. Different kinds of batteries maintain different potential differences between their terminals. ...
S C T
... the lipid bilayer. The anchoring lipids may be of several types: long-chain fatty acids, isoprenoids or sterols. Lipid-protein assemblies containing these three types of lipids are found in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, while lipidprotein assemblies containing glycosylated derivatives of ...
... the lipid bilayer. The anchoring lipids may be of several types: long-chain fatty acids, isoprenoids or sterols. Lipid-protein assemblies containing these three types of lipids are found in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, while lipidprotein assemblies containing glycosylated derivatives of ...
Chapter 4. Unnatural amino acids with caged side chains
... The advent of techniques to alter the amino acids of proteins has permitted the consideration of ‘caged proteins,’ in which particular residues in a protein are provided with photo-removable protecting groups. A number of recent reviews have presented a survey of this literature.21-23 Interesting ex ...
... The advent of techniques to alter the amino acids of proteins has permitted the consideration of ‘caged proteins,’ in which particular residues in a protein are provided with photo-removable protecting groups. A number of recent reviews have presented a survey of this literature.21-23 Interesting ex ...
MONOTONIC TUNING OF PLASMON RESONANCE USING
... nanoparticles. The signature optical property of theses metallic nanoparticles is the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) that is charge density oscillations confined to metallic nanoparticles. The wavelength corresponding to the extinction maximum, λPR, of the LSPR is highly dependent on the ...
... nanoparticles. The signature optical property of theses metallic nanoparticles is the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) that is charge density oscillations confined to metallic nanoparticles. The wavelength corresponding to the extinction maximum, λPR, of the LSPR is highly dependent on the ...
Membrane potential
Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological cell. With respect to the exterior of the cell, typical values of membrane potential range from –40 mV to –80 mV.All animal cells are surrounded by a membrane composed of a lipid bilayer with proteins embedded in it. The membrane serves as both an insulator and a diffusion barrier to the movement of ions. Ion transporter/pump proteins actively push ions across the membrane and establish concentration gradients across the membrane, and ion channels allow ions to move across the membrane down those concentration gradients. Ion pumps and ion channels are electrically equivalent to a set of batteries and resistors inserted in the membrane, and therefore create a voltage difference between the two sides of the membrane.Virtually all eukaryotic cells (including cells from animals, plants, and fungi) maintain a non-zero transmembrane potential, usually with a negative voltage in the cell interior as compared to the cell exterior ranging from –40 mV to –80 mV. The membrane potential has two basic functions. First, it allows a cell to function as a battery, providing power to operate a variety of ""molecular devices"" embedded in the membrane. Second, in electrically excitable cells such as neurons and muscle cells, it is used for transmitting signals between different parts of a cell. Signals are generated by opening or closing of ion channels at one point in the membrane, producing a local change in the membrane potential. This change in the electric field can be quickly affected by either adjacent or more distant ion channels in the membrane. Those ion channels can then open or close as a result of the potential change, reproducing the signal.In non-excitable cells, and in excitable cells in their baseline states, the membrane potential is held at a relatively stable value, called the resting potential. For neurons, typical values of the resting potential range from –70 to –80 millivolts; that is, the interior of a cell has a negative baseline voltage of a bit less than one-tenth of a volt. The opening and closing of ion channels can induce a departure from the resting potential. This is called a depolarization if the interior voltage becomes less negative (say from –70 mV to –60 mV), or a hyperpolarization if the interior voltage becomes more negative (say from –70 mV to –80 mV). In excitable cells, a sufficiently large depolarization can evoke an action potential, in which the membrane potential changes rapidly and significantly for a short time (on the order of 1 to 100 milliseconds), often reversing its polarity. Action potentials are generated by the activation of certain voltage-gated ion channels.In neurons, the factors that influence the membrane potential are diverse. They include numerous types of ion channels, some of which are chemically gated and some of which are voltage-gated. Because voltage-gated ion channels are controlled by the membrane potential, while the membrane potential itself is influenced by these same ion channels, feedback loops that allow for complex temporal dynamics arise, including oscillations and regenerative events such as action potentials.