Kyrgyzstan priorities in environment protection
... especially in the obsolete pesticides burial grounds. In this course it is planned to develop a complex program on proper management of chemical substances using an inter-sectoral approach. ...
... especially in the obsolete pesticides burial grounds. In this course it is planned to develop a complex program on proper management of chemical substances using an inter-sectoral approach. ...
Environmental Biology
... placed on decomposition because of its key role in the recycling of materials. Interactions within ecosystems are considered in relation to abiotic and biotic factors, the latter at both intraspecific and interspecific levels. These interactions should be approached from the point of view of ecologi ...
... placed on decomposition because of its key role in the recycling of materials. Interactions within ecosystems are considered in relation to abiotic and biotic factors, the latter at both intraspecific and interspecific levels. These interactions should be approached from the point of view of ecologi ...
Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis
... Fig. 3. Predictions of affiliate extinctions from the nomographic and combinatorial models. (A) Estimated numbers of historically extinct affiliate species based on the number of host species recorded as extinct. (B) Projected numbers of affiliate species extinctions, were all currently endangered host ...
... Fig. 3. Predictions of affiliate extinctions from the nomographic and combinatorial models. (A) Estimated numbers of historically extinct affiliate species based on the number of host species recorded as extinct. (B) Projected numbers of affiliate species extinctions, were all currently endangered host ...
Species Coextinctions and the Biodiversity Crisis
... Fig. 3. Predictions of affiliate extinctions from the nomographic and combinatorial models. (A) Estimated numbers of historically extinct affiliate species based on the number of host species recorded as extinct. (B) Projected numbers of affiliate species extinctions, were all currently endangered host ...
... Fig. 3. Predictions of affiliate extinctions from the nomographic and combinatorial models. (A) Estimated numbers of historically extinct affiliate species based on the number of host species recorded as extinct. (B) Projected numbers of affiliate species extinctions, were all currently endangered host ...
Species composition and interspecific association of plants in
... to changes in physical environment, but can also be the result of interaction with another species, thus species interactions are also an important indicating factor in succession and ecosystem development (Walker and del Moral 2003; Muller 2005). Species co-occurrence observations may be seen as th ...
... to changes in physical environment, but can also be the result of interaction with another species, thus species interactions are also an important indicating factor in succession and ecosystem development (Walker and del Moral 2003; Muller 2005). Species co-occurrence observations may be seen as th ...
The search for evidence of mass extinction
... Darwin and the geologist Charles Lyell took the fossil record to be incomplete and were skeptical that it could reveal much about patterns of extinction and diversity. But in 1860, only a year after Origin's publication, the geologist John Phillips begged to differ in a groundbreaking lecture at Cam ...
... Darwin and the geologist Charles Lyell took the fossil record to be incomplete and were skeptical that it could reveal much about patterns of extinction and diversity. But in 1860, only a year after Origin's publication, the geologist John Phillips begged to differ in a groundbreaking lecture at Cam ...
CH 17: Populations
... Hybrids in the contact zone are less fit than individuals on either side ...
... Hybrids in the contact zone are less fit than individuals on either side ...
Terrestrial Conservation Reserve System (Policy 31)
... manage a comprehensive, adequate and representative conservation reserve system. The south-west of WA is recognised as a global biodiversity hotspot, one of only 35 in the world. Eight of the 15 nationally recognised biodiversity hotspots occur in WA. The reserve system plays a pivotal role in conse ...
... manage a comprehensive, adequate and representative conservation reserve system. The south-west of WA is recognised as a global biodiversity hotspot, one of only 35 in the world. Eight of the 15 nationally recognised biodiversity hotspots occur in WA. The reserve system plays a pivotal role in conse ...
Community Ecology
... The rivet model (Paul and Anne Ehrlich): many or most of the species in a community are associated tightly with other species in a web of life. According to this model, an increase or decrease in one species in a community affects many other species. It is a reincarnation of the integrated model Th ...
... The rivet model (Paul and Anne Ehrlich): many or most of the species in a community are associated tightly with other species in a web of life. According to this model, an increase or decrease in one species in a community affects many other species. It is a reincarnation of the integrated model Th ...
NYNHP Conservation Guide for Tundra Dwarf Birch
... Betula glandulosa is distinguished from all other birches by its singly toothed leaves. It can also distinguished from B. minor which it can grow with by its rounded rather than acuminate leaf apices and smaller overall size. Conservation Comments Following Furlow (1997), Betula glandulosa is consid ...
... Betula glandulosa is distinguished from all other birches by its singly toothed leaves. It can also distinguished from B. minor which it can grow with by its rounded rather than acuminate leaf apices and smaller overall size. Conservation Comments Following Furlow (1997), Betula glandulosa is consid ...
... seedlings to establish under less favorable conditions, but this comes at a cost, because fewer seeds can be produced when conditions are more favorable. For coexistence to occur via the storage effect, shifts in competitive ability between years and species-specific germination responses to tempora ...
Ecological Insights from Long-term Research Plots in Tropical
... niche differences, and density dependence all have been demonstrated at forest dynamics plots, even though neutral dynamics can successfully predict species relative abundance distributions. In fact, most species (49–74%) in all of the forest dynamics plots exhibit some degree of habitat specificity ...
... niche differences, and density dependence all have been demonstrated at forest dynamics plots, even though neutral dynamics can successfully predict species relative abundance distributions. In fact, most species (49–74%) in all of the forest dynamics plots exhibit some degree of habitat specificity ...
Simple prediction of interaction strengths in complex food webs
... allometric scaling rules describe relationships between body size, metabolism (8, 9), and food consumption (10, 11). Can these scaling rules at the level of individual trophic links help predict the effect of removing one species on others in a realistically structured food web? While nontrophic int ...
... allometric scaling rules describe relationships between body size, metabolism (8, 9), and food consumption (10, 11). Can these scaling rules at the level of individual trophic links help predict the effect of removing one species on others in a realistically structured food web? While nontrophic int ...
A Simulation of Natural Selection
... demonstrate the effect of natural selection on the frequencies of three populations of “beetles.” Natural selection, as formulated by Charles Darwin in “Origin of Species (1859)”, is the most important cause of evolution. An individual’s ability to reproduce depends on its ability to survive. It all ...
... demonstrate the effect of natural selection on the frequencies of three populations of “beetles.” Natural selection, as formulated by Charles Darwin in “Origin of Species (1859)”, is the most important cause of evolution. An individual’s ability to reproduce depends on its ability to survive. It all ...
S8 - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... consider environmental and ecological impacts associated with aquaculture. These include ecological hazards associated with nutrient release, escaped or released cultured organisms (predation, competition), and the potential for disease transfer. In addition, the escape of genetic selected species u ...
... consider environmental and ecological impacts associated with aquaculture. These include ecological hazards associated with nutrient release, escaped or released cultured organisms (predation, competition), and the potential for disease transfer. In addition, the escape of genetic selected species u ...
Ecosystem
... Anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. Includes living / biotic and nonliving / abiotic features of the ecosystem ...
... Anything that restricts the number of individuals in a population. Includes living / biotic and nonliving / abiotic features of the ecosystem ...
Does biodiversity always increase the stability of eco
... interactions, it was observed that not all species combinations promoted all types of stability. In areas where drought resistance is an important factor contributing to stability, drought had more negative impacts in mixed forests. Competition negatively impacted the growth of drought-tolerant spec ...
... interactions, it was observed that not all species combinations promoted all types of stability. In areas where drought resistance is an important factor contributing to stability, drought had more negative impacts in mixed forests. Competition negatively impacted the growth of drought-tolerant spec ...
Ecology Review Worksheet KEY 47
... Explain in your own words how the movement of nutrients in an ecosystem is different from the movement of energy in an ecosystem. Nutrients (such as nitrogen, carbon, etc.) STAY within an ecosystem as they are recycled, whereas energy FLOWS THROUGH an ecosystem as it is passed from one organism to a ...
... Explain in your own words how the movement of nutrients in an ecosystem is different from the movement of energy in an ecosystem. Nutrients (such as nitrogen, carbon, etc.) STAY within an ecosystem as they are recycled, whereas energy FLOWS THROUGH an ecosystem as it is passed from one organism to a ...
Community assembly and the emergence of ecosystem pattern*
... For a family of curves including both constant mortality and constant fecundity as limiting cases, σ and φ fall on a single curve for any equilibrium assemblage. That is, assemblages structure themselves in such a way that their net effect on `downstream’ competitors inferior to the bottom competito ...
... For a family of curves including both constant mortality and constant fecundity as limiting cases, σ and φ fall on a single curve for any equilibrium assemblage. That is, assemblages structure themselves in such a way that their net effect on `downstream’ competitors inferior to the bottom competito ...
Succession - CST Personal Home Pages
... FOREST FLOOR: Birds, bears, and other animals carried seeds to this spot. The seeds lay dormant on the ground Site 1/ awaiting an opening in the canopy to admit daylight. view3 Clearing the plot provided that opening. Now blackberries, grapevines, and wildflowers spring up amid a sea of new green li ...
... FOREST FLOOR: Birds, bears, and other animals carried seeds to this spot. The seeds lay dormant on the ground Site 1/ awaiting an opening in the canopy to admit daylight. view3 Clearing the plot provided that opening. Now blackberries, grapevines, and wildflowers spring up amid a sea of new green li ...
Science and Economics in the Management of an Invasive Species
... recruitment to stocks of Black Sea anchovies is related positively to nutrient levels. When an exotic comb jelly is introduced, however, nutrient enrichment leads to a “regime shift” in which recruitment to anchovy stocks is diminished and the comb jelly flourishes. The authors show how to estimate ...
... recruitment to stocks of Black Sea anchovies is related positively to nutrient levels. When an exotic comb jelly is introduced, however, nutrient enrichment leads to a “regime shift” in which recruitment to anchovy stocks is diminished and the comb jelly flourishes. The authors show how to estimate ...
What_is_TEK
... Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK): describes a system of knowledge concerning local ecology and resilience strategies developed by a local community. TEK is dynamic, not static, and is characterized by innovation in the face of changing local circumstances. Resilience: is the capacity of co ...
... Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK): describes a system of knowledge concerning local ecology and resilience strategies developed by a local community. TEK is dynamic, not static, and is characterized by innovation in the face of changing local circumstances. Resilience: is the capacity of co ...
Community assembly metrics
... Results in a somewhat more even distribution of abundances among species than the other models, which suggests that it should occur when an important resource is shared more or less equitably among species ...
... Results in a somewhat more even distribution of abundances among species than the other models, which suggests that it should occur when an important resource is shared more or less equitably among species ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.