Ch 2.5 Food Webs and Ecological Pyramids
... Evidence of Learning: Students can … - make and use food chains, food webs, and trophic levels to show feeding relationships between organisms. - describe how living organisms lose energy to the environment, and explain why higher trophic levels have less energy than lower trophic levels. - use an e ...
... Evidence of Learning: Students can … - make and use food chains, food webs, and trophic levels to show feeding relationships between organisms. - describe how living organisms lose energy to the environment, and explain why higher trophic levels have less energy than lower trophic levels. - use an e ...
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management
... In certain situations, small parcels of land may be managed to maintain the integrity of the system. Wetlands provide such an example because they are unique areas that are the sole habitat for many floral and faunal species. However, wetlands did not historically occur on the same scale as tallgras ...
... In certain situations, small parcels of land may be managed to maintain the integrity of the system. Wetlands provide such an example because they are unique areas that are the sole habitat for many floral and faunal species. However, wetlands did not historically occur on the same scale as tallgras ...
Activity 5 Mass Extinction and Fossil Records
... Mass Extinction and Adaptive Radiation Extinction is the total disappearance of a species. Extinction means that not a single organism of the species lives anywhere on Earth.The fossil record is a virtual graveyard of extinct species. It is strewn with the fossilized remains of millions of extinct s ...
... Mass Extinction and Adaptive Radiation Extinction is the total disappearance of a species. Extinction means that not a single organism of the species lives anywhere on Earth.The fossil record is a virtual graveyard of extinct species. It is strewn with the fossilized remains of millions of extinct s ...
Genetic variation and community change selection, evolution, and
... on the fitness of the original species, may occur when a series of conditions are met. In this diagram, ‘spaces’ represent a set of possible values for genotypes, phenotypes, and communities. Transformations are represented by arrows and refer to changes either within or between spaces; for example, ...
... on the fitness of the original species, may occur when a series of conditions are met. In this diagram, ‘spaces’ represent a set of possible values for genotypes, phenotypes, and communities. Transformations are represented by arrows and refer to changes either within or between spaces; for example, ...
Genetic variation and community change selection, evolution, and
... on the fitness of the original species, may occur when a series of conditions are met. In this diagram, ‘spaces’ represent a set of possible values for genotypes, phenotypes, and communities. Transformations are represented by arrows and refer to changes either within or between spaces; for example, ...
... on the fitness of the original species, may occur when a series of conditions are met. In this diagram, ‘spaces’ represent a set of possible values for genotypes, phenotypes, and communities. Transformations are represented by arrows and refer to changes either within or between spaces; for example, ...
Foots Creek Rangeland Health Analysis
... and metabolization of organic matter by insects, bacteria and fungi, the weathering of rocks and extraction from the atmosphere. Nutrients are transported through the soil by plant uptake, leaching and by rodent, insect and microbial activity. They follow cyclical patterns as they are used and reuse ...
... and metabolization of organic matter by insects, bacteria and fungi, the weathering of rocks and extraction from the atmosphere. Nutrients are transported through the soil by plant uptake, leaching and by rodent, insect and microbial activity. They follow cyclical patterns as they are used and reuse ...
The use of biological records to understand a changing environment
... Boreal vascular plants decreased by approximately 41%, whereas their matched more southern species decreased by approximately 24%. ...
... Boreal vascular plants decreased by approximately 41%, whereas their matched more southern species decreased by approximately 24%. ...
Lecture 10
... ➟ Parasites may spend part of their life cycle in another host, or be free-living; there may be 3 or more species involved ➟ Environmental conditions may unpredictably affect all species involved in the interaction ...
... ➟ Parasites may spend part of their life cycle in another host, or be free-living; there may be 3 or more species involved ➟ Environmental conditions may unpredictably affect all species involved in the interaction ...
Estimating environmental damage in freshwater
... Good illustrations of specific freshwater invertebrate species that can be used for identification at both the nymph/larvae and adult stages of the life cycles can be found at http://schools.ceh.ac.uk/advanced/freshpoll/pf-freshpoll3.htm This website is written by the Centre for Ecology and Hydrolog ...
... Good illustrations of specific freshwater invertebrate species that can be used for identification at both the nymph/larvae and adult stages of the life cycles can be found at http://schools.ceh.ac.uk/advanced/freshpoll/pf-freshpoll3.htm This website is written by the Centre for Ecology and Hydrolog ...
Parasites that change predator or prey behaviour can have keystone
... There is an increasing realization that parasitism can play as pivotal a role as predation in structuring biological communities, often via indirect interactions with non-host species [1,2]. Indirect interactions occur when the impact of one species on another affects populations of a third species; ...
... There is an increasing realization that parasitism can play as pivotal a role as predation in structuring biological communities, often via indirect interactions with non-host species [1,2]. Indirect interactions occur when the impact of one species on another affects populations of a third species; ...
JVS 2444 Von Holle 08== - UCF College of Sciences
... Shugart et al. (1981) used the FORET stand simulation model to investigate forest dynamics during both climate warming and cooling. For a hypothetical stand composed of Fagus grandifolia and Liriodendron tulipifera, they performed multiple simulation runs to see how two species with different life-h ...
... Shugart et al. (1981) used the FORET stand simulation model to investigate forest dynamics during both climate warming and cooling. For a hypothetical stand composed of Fagus grandifolia and Liriodendron tulipifera, they performed multiple simulation runs to see how two species with different life-h ...
6.01_Niches and Communities Ch 4.2 Reading
... food are all examples of biological aspects of an organism’s niche. Birds on Christmas Island, a small island in the Indian Ocean, for example, all live in the same habitat but they prey on fish of different sizes and feed in different places. Thus, each species occupies a distinct niche. ...
... food are all examples of biological aspects of an organism’s niche. Birds on Christmas Island, a small island in the Indian Ocean, for example, all live in the same habitat but they prey on fish of different sizes and feed in different places. Thus, each species occupies a distinct niche. ...
Bio 4.2
... An organism’s niche describes not only the environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. ...
... An organism’s niche describes not only the environment where it lives, but how it interacts with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. ...
Reading Guide Chapter 51-54
... 9. Describe how cross-fostering experiments help identify the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors in determining specific behaviors. 10. Describe how the fru gene controls courtship behavior in male fruit flies. 51.4 Evolution of Behavioral Traits by Natural Selection 11. Explai ...
... 9. Describe how cross-fostering experiments help identify the relative importance of environmental and genetic factors in determining specific behaviors. 10. Describe how the fru gene controls courtship behavior in male fruit flies. 51.4 Evolution of Behavioral Traits by Natural Selection 11. Explai ...
Grade-Level Science Standards
... 2. Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g., predator-prey, parasitism, mutualism and commensalism). 3. Explain how the number of ...
... 2. Investigate how organisms or populations may interact with one another through symbiotic relationships and how some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other (e.g., predator-prey, parasitism, mutualism and commensalism). 3. Explain how the number of ...
AP Biology Unit 8
... Questions you should be able to answer: 1. Distinguish between conservation biology and restoration biology. 2. Describe the three levels of biodiversity. 3. Explain why biodiversity at all levels is vital to human welfare. 4. List the four major threats to biodiversity and give examples of each. 5. ...
... Questions you should be able to answer: 1. Distinguish between conservation biology and restoration biology. 2. Describe the three levels of biodiversity. 3. Explain why biodiversity at all levels is vital to human welfare. 4. List the four major threats to biodiversity and give examples of each. 5. ...
9/10 Daily Catalyst Pg. 13 growth Models
... • Iteroparity: repeated reproductive episodes over a life time ...
... • Iteroparity: repeated reproductive episodes over a life time ...
Succession
... because most of the organisms are isolated from the rest of the world (excluding some birds) • This gives rare opportunities for a few organisms to take advantage of a large number of niches • For this reason, island populations are prone to ...
... because most of the organisms are isolated from the rest of the world (excluding some birds) • This gives rare opportunities for a few organisms to take advantage of a large number of niches • For this reason, island populations are prone to ...
Undetected Species Losses, Food Webs, and
... National Park, both relatively small fenced areas managed for high ungulate biomass where lagomorphs are rare (Byers, 1997; Sievers, 2004; J. Berger, unpubl. data) and coincident grazing impacts on vegetation large. While the loss of L. townsendii from Grand Teton and Yellowstone, and reductions els ...
... National Park, both relatively small fenced areas managed for high ungulate biomass where lagomorphs are rare (Byers, 1997; Sievers, 2004; J. Berger, unpubl. data) and coincident grazing impacts on vegetation large. While the loss of L. townsendii from Grand Teton and Yellowstone, and reductions els ...
PPT Ch5 Population Ecology
... Anatomical: Picture a mouse and an elephant hooking up Genetic Inviability: Mules ...
... Anatomical: Picture a mouse and an elephant hooking up Genetic Inviability: Mules ...
Species Diversity, Community Structure, and Distribution Patterns in
... stability of their catchment areas, play a major role in ecosystem functioning, and are vital in cultural, ethical and aesthetic aspects (Stirling and Wilsey 2001). The alpines are characterized by low productivity, high intensity of solar radiation, and high degree of resource seasonality because o ...
... stability of their catchment areas, play a major role in ecosystem functioning, and are vital in cultural, ethical and aesthetic aspects (Stirling and Wilsey 2001). The alpines are characterized by low productivity, high intensity of solar radiation, and high degree of resource seasonality because o ...
AP BIOLOGY SUMMER QUESTIONS
... Compare bottom-up and top-down controls on biological communities and their organization. What is disturbance and give an example? To investigate the structure and function of ecosystems, ecologists may construct a microcosm using organisms and materials from the ecosystem. Properly constructed, the ...
... Compare bottom-up and top-down controls on biological communities and their organization. What is disturbance and give an example? To investigate the structure and function of ecosystems, ecologists may construct a microcosm using organisms and materials from the ecosystem. Properly constructed, the ...
Ecology Levels of Organization Ppt
... Recovery from Brink of Extinction Satellites also help scientists track the recovery of the blue whale from extinction. A century ago, whaling had reduced the population to only a few hundred. Today, after 70 years of protection, more than 20,000 travel to the Arctic each year. ...
... Recovery from Brink of Extinction Satellites also help scientists track the recovery of the blue whale from extinction. A century ago, whaling had reduced the population to only a few hundred. Today, after 70 years of protection, more than 20,000 travel to the Arctic each year. ...
Positive interactions among alpine plants increase with stress
... d.f. ¼ 1, 93, P , 0.001. For the nine locations where plants were harvested, RNEbiomass was 20.22 ^ 0.02 (1 s.e.) at the low sites and þ0.25 ^ 0.02 at the high sites. For the nine locations where leaf growth rates were measured RNEleaf growth was 0.33 ^ 0.02 (1 s.e.) at the low sites and þ0.16 ^ 0.0 ...
... d.f. ¼ 1, 93, P , 0.001. For the nine locations where plants were harvested, RNEbiomass was 20.22 ^ 0.02 (1 s.e.) at the low sites and þ0.25 ^ 0.02 at the high sites. For the nine locations where leaf growth rates were measured RNEleaf growth was 0.33 ^ 0.02 (1 s.e.) at the low sites and þ0.16 ^ 0.0 ...
Ecological fitting
Ecological fitting is ""the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions. The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment. In this framework, the organism occupies a multidimensional operative environment defined by the conditions in which it can persist, similar to the idea of the Hutchinsonian niche. In this case, a species can colonize new environments (e.g. an area with the same temperature and water regime) and/or form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host) which can lead to the misinterpretation of the relationship as coevolution, although the organism has not evolved and is continuing to exploit the same resources it always has. The more strict definition of ecological fitting requires that a species encounter an environment or host outside of its original operative environment and obtain realized fitness based on traits developed in previous environments that are now co-opted for a new purpose. This strict form of ecological fitting can also be expressed either as colonization of new habitat or the formation of new species interactions.