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Species longevity in North American fossil
... paleontologists who argue that the species is the only biologically natural unit in the biota and regard genera as relatively poor proxies for true species diversity (see review of the topic in Cracraft 1989). It is well known that there are many higher-level taxa (e.g. the families of fossil mammal ...
... paleontologists who argue that the species is the only biologically natural unit in the biota and regard genera as relatively poor proxies for true species diversity (see review of the topic in Cracraft 1989). It is well known that there are many higher-level taxa (e.g. the families of fossil mammal ...
LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTE
... The dissertation is available at Scientific Library of University of Latvia, 4 Kalpaka blvd. ...
... The dissertation is available at Scientific Library of University of Latvia, 4 Kalpaka blvd. ...
Common Name: TALLAPOOSA CRAYFISH Scientific Name
... the rostrum of Tallapoosa crayfish appears to be more tapered and pinched in the middle, whereas the rostrum of the slackwater crayfish is more parallel-sided. The variable crayfish (Cambarus latimanus) can also be found with the Tallapoosa crayfish, but it is a drab species with an areola that is n ...
... the rostrum of Tallapoosa crayfish appears to be more tapered and pinched in the middle, whereas the rostrum of the slackwater crayfish is more parallel-sided. The variable crayfish (Cambarus latimanus) can also be found with the Tallapoosa crayfish, but it is a drab species with an areola that is n ...
Methods to control and eradicate non
... is considered harmful only because of its origins, rather than the actual damage it causes (Hone, 1994). In spite of this, alien species could be considered undesirable in themselves in some areas, and eradication or control should be attempted without any certain knowledge of impact. Control measur ...
... is considered harmful only because of its origins, rather than the actual damage it causes (Hone, 1994). In spite of this, alien species could be considered undesirable in themselves in some areas, and eradication or control should be attempted without any certain knowledge of impact. Control measur ...
Impacts of Invasive Species on Food Webs: A Review of Empirical
... involving other species than the invasive and the resident (cascades, exploitative competition, and apparent competition). The complexity of most real food webs makes it difficult to predict how the impacts of an invasive species may propagate more than two steps away from it, as the number of conne ...
... involving other species than the invasive and the resident (cascades, exploitative competition, and apparent competition). The complexity of most real food webs makes it difficult to predict how the impacts of an invasive species may propagate more than two steps away from it, as the number of conne ...
D 2.2 Traits analysis Final April 2010
... and fungi. Such traits could be integrated in pest risk analysis schemes to help assess economic and environmental impacts. We collected data describing the environmental impacts of insects, plants and fungi and, additionally, on the economic impact of insect plant pests. This report discusses each ...
... and fungi. Such traits could be integrated in pest risk analysis schemes to help assess economic and environmental impacts. We collected data describing the environmental impacts of insects, plants and fungi and, additionally, on the economic impact of insect plant pests. This report discusses each ...
Nasua nasua - CIRCABC
... fully controlled in the Risk Assessment Area. The origin of the established population in Majorca seems to be due to a single import of about eight individuals as pets, a decade earlier, which were located in a rural hotel, where an escape or release may have occurred (Mayol et al, 2009). Currently, ...
... fully controlled in the Risk Assessment Area. The origin of the established population in Majorca seems to be due to a single import of about eight individuals as pets, a decade earlier, which were located in a rural hotel, where an escape or release may have occurred (Mayol et al, 2009). Currently, ...
Does functional redundancy exist?
... 2001, 2002, Kinzig et al. 2002). The concept of functional redundancy was introduced to articulate hypotheses in this emerging area (Lawton and Brown 1993). Functional redundancy means that different species perform the same functional role in ecosystems so that changes in species diversity does not ...
... 2001, 2002, Kinzig et al. 2002). The concept of functional redundancy was introduced to articulate hypotheses in this emerging area (Lawton and Brown 1993). Functional redundancy means that different species perform the same functional role in ecosystems so that changes in species diversity does not ...
Beyond the Birdfeeder
... White mulberry is an invasive species, which was introduced during colonial times in an unsuccessful attempt to establish a silkworm industry, and it has been spreading ever since. Along with cultivars like the Russian mulberry (Morus alba var. tartarica), it has also been promoted by the horticultu ...
... White mulberry is an invasive species, which was introduced during colonial times in an unsuccessful attempt to establish a silkworm industry, and it has been spreading ever since. Along with cultivars like the Russian mulberry (Morus alba var. tartarica), it has also been promoted by the horticultu ...
A taste for exotic food: Neotropical land planarians feeding on an
... elements in their ecosystem. The planarian Endeavouria septemlineata, first recorded in Hawaii, was later registered in Australia and Brazil. Recently we found it in humandisturbed areas in southern Brazil and here we investigate its interactions with other invertebrates both in the field and in the ...
... elements in their ecosystem. The planarian Endeavouria septemlineata, first recorded in Hawaii, was later registered in Australia and Brazil. Recently we found it in humandisturbed areas in southern Brazil and here we investigate its interactions with other invertebrates both in the field and in the ...
Greater bilby - WWF
... greater bilby’s diet appears to rely heavily on the incidence of fire to regenerate. Large uncontrolled fires may eventually reduce the type and abundance of food plants available to the bilby. Drought & climate change The greater bilby is only partly adapted to arid environments and thus could be a ...
... greater bilby’s diet appears to rely heavily on the incidence of fire to regenerate. Large uncontrolled fires may eventually reduce the type and abundance of food plants available to the bilby. Drought & climate change The greater bilby is only partly adapted to arid environments and thus could be a ...
Comparison of the effects of artificial and natural barriers on large
... can potentially impact the competitive balance within animal communities by differentially affecting cooccurring species. The influence of barriers on the spatial distribution of species within whole communities has nonetheless received little attention. During a 4-year period, we studied the influe ...
... can potentially impact the competitive balance within animal communities by differentially affecting cooccurring species. The influence of barriers on the spatial distribution of species within whole communities has nonetheless received little attention. During a 4-year period, we studied the influe ...
Conserving European biodiversity in the context of climate
... climate change. It is much more difficult to identify if any communities have actually moved, and hence observational information is almost totally lacking; four reasons can be quoted for this. One reason is that plant communities are generally poorly defined. Even with the example of the Vaccinium ...
... climate change. It is much more difficult to identify if any communities have actually moved, and hence observational information is almost totally lacking; four reasons can be quoted for this. One reason is that plant communities are generally poorly defined. Even with the example of the Vaccinium ...
DBQ Air Potato
... INTRODUCTION: An invasive species is defined as non-native to the ecosystem under consideration and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health. Non-native plants often reach much higher densities when they are moved to new geographic areas ...
... INTRODUCTION: An invasive species is defined as non-native to the ecosystem under consideration and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health. Non-native plants often reach much higher densities when they are moved to new geographic areas ...
Species extinctions in food webs – local and regional processes Anna Eklöf
... Loss of biodiversity is one of the most severe threats to the ecosystems of the world. The major causes behind the high population and species extinction rates are anthropogenic activities such as overharvesting of natural populations, pollution, climate change and destruction and fragmentation of n ...
... Loss of biodiversity is one of the most severe threats to the ecosystems of the world. The major causes behind the high population and species extinction rates are anthropogenic activities such as overharvesting of natural populations, pollution, climate change and destruction and fragmentation of n ...
Small-mammal herbivore control of secondary succession in New
... Abstract. Secondary succession is impacted by both biotic and abiotic forces, but their relative importance varies due to environmental drivers. Across estuarine salinity gradients, physical stress increases with salinity, and biotic stresses are greater at lower salinities. In southern New England ...
... Abstract. Secondary succession is impacted by both biotic and abiotic forces, but their relative importance varies due to environmental drivers. Across estuarine salinity gradients, physical stress increases with salinity, and biotic stresses are greater at lower salinities. In southern New England ...
Mutualistic Mimicry and Filtering by Altitude Shape the Structure of
... the impact of positive interactions in community structure (Valiente-Banuet and Verdu 2007; Verdu et al. 2009; Alexandrou et al. 2011), none have examined their importance in montane ecosystems. Here we investigate jointly the importance of habitat filtering by altitude and positive interactions in ...
... the impact of positive interactions in community structure (Valiente-Banuet and Verdu 2007; Verdu et al. 2009; Alexandrou et al. 2011), none have examined their importance in montane ecosystems. Here we investigate jointly the importance of habitat filtering by altitude and positive interactions in ...
Changes in plant community composition, not diversity, during a
... nutrient additions. For example, nutrient additions may stimulate growth of all or a subset of species within a community leading to greater overall ANPP. The HRF predicts, however, that with chronic resource additions, eventually some species will be favoured at the expense of others or that novel ...
... nutrient additions. For example, nutrient additions may stimulate growth of all or a subset of species within a community leading to greater overall ANPP. The HRF predicts, however, that with chronic resource additions, eventually some species will be favoured at the expense of others or that novel ...
Dietary overlap among native and non
... both species changed their food preferences in spring and foraged almost exclusively on Aubertoperla illiesi. This implies that in order to reduce the predation risk or the inter-specific competition for food, the fish species might partition the feeding habitats. Key words: Hatcheria macraei / salmon ...
... both species changed their food preferences in spring and foraged almost exclusively on Aubertoperla illiesi. This implies that in order to reduce the predation risk or the inter-specific competition for food, the fish species might partition the feeding habitats. Key words: Hatcheria macraei / salmon ...
Containment as a strategy for tackling contentious plants
... Defining containment targets Containment must be targeted at individual species and particular areas. Species will vary greatly in how readily they can be contained due to differences in growth form and phenological patterns, mode of reproduction, reproductive output, dispersal mechanisms and the pa ...
... Defining containment targets Containment must be targeted at individual species and particular areas. Species will vary greatly in how readily they can be contained due to differences in growth form and phenological patterns, mode of reproduction, reproductive output, dispersal mechanisms and the pa ...
Effects of tree control method, seed addition, and introduced
... et al. 1994). Pinus contorta is one of the worst; it readily invades unforested areas and causes significant problems in many countries (Richardson & Rejmánek 2004; Gundale et al. 2014). In New Zealand, P. contorta and other invasive conifers have established on more than 1 million hectares, which r ...
... et al. 1994). Pinus contorta is one of the worst; it readily invades unforested areas and causes significant problems in many countries (Richardson & Rejmánek 2004; Gundale et al. 2014). In New Zealand, P. contorta and other invasive conifers have established on more than 1 million hectares, which r ...
Fighting over food unites the birds of North America in a
... gains access to contested resources like food, but until now, little was known about such encounters between individuals of different species. We partnered with citizen scientists to record interspecific behavioral interactions at bird feeders around North America, and assembled these interactions i ...
... gains access to contested resources like food, but until now, little was known about such encounters between individuals of different species. We partnered with citizen scientists to record interspecific behavioral interactions at bird feeders around North America, and assembled these interactions i ...
Spartina anglica - Washington State University
... • Results show that the herbivores limit the distribution and abundance of seaweed • limpets appear to be the main herbivores • but why is there more seaweed when both limpets and urchins are removed? ...
... • Results show that the herbivores limit the distribution and abundance of seaweed • limpets appear to be the main herbivores • but why is there more seaweed when both limpets and urchins are removed? ...
The form of direct interspecific competition modifies
... For each persistent food web that was assembled, equilibrium densities were used to rank each species according to relative abundance, within a trophic level. Each species was removed independently (primary deletion) and the feasibility and local stability of the remaining (mT – 1) species food web ...
... For each persistent food web that was assembled, equilibrium densities were used to rank each species according to relative abundance, within a trophic level. Each species was removed independently (primary deletion) and the feasibility and local stability of the remaining (mT – 1) species food web ...
Biodiversity, productivity and the temporal stability of
... productivity exceeds the expected value based on productivity in monocultures, because this increases the mean relative to the variance of productivity (Lehman & Tilman 2000). Species asynchrony effects increase temporal stability when species fluctuations are not perfectly synchronized, because thi ...
... productivity exceeds the expected value based on productivity in monocultures, because this increases the mean relative to the variance of productivity (Lehman & Tilman 2000). Species asynchrony effects increase temporal stability when species fluctuations are not perfectly synchronized, because thi ...
Introduced species
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Melilotus_alba_bgiu.jpg?width=300)
An introduced, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental. Non-native species can have various effects on the local ecosystem. Introduced species that become established and spread beyond the place of introduction are called invasive species. Some have a negative effect on a local ecosystem. Some introduced species may have no negative effect or only minor impact. Some species have been introduced intentionally to combat pests. They are called biocontrols and may be regarded as beneficial as an alternative to pesticides in agriculture for example. In some instances the potential for being beneficial or detrimental in the long run remains unknown. A list of some introduced species is given in a separate article.The effects of introduced species on natural environments have gained much scrutiny from scientists, governments, farmers and others.